【填空题】
55.无粘结预应力混凝土结构在张拉后容许预应力筋对周围混凝土发生___滑动。
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【填空题】
56.斜拉桥是新型的桥梁形式,这种形式大桥的主桥分为___和___两大部分。
【填空题】
57.___和___是国际通行的工程建设项目组织实施方式。
【填空题】
58.BIM 中的图形是赋予了___属性的实体。
【填空题】
59.BIM 是指建筑物在设计和建造过程中,创建和使用的“___”。
【单选题】
The word "wag" (Line 1, Para.1) most probably means _________.
A. move
B. shake
C. bite
D. play
【单选题】
The video cameras were used to catch the dogs' responses because ___________.
A. the dogs were put in the wooden boxes
and tested one at a time
B. it was easier to catch the dogs’s response changes in the tail wagging
C. they enabled the dogs’owners to know
about their dogs’; habit
D. the dogs wagged their tails in different
directions when they were in different
moods
【单选题】
When there are no stimuli, a dog will ___________.___
A. wag to the right
B. no wag at all
C. wag to the left
D. wag to the left and then wag to the right
【单选题】
The purpose of doing the experiment is _________.___
A. to train dogs for their owners
B. to help dogs find companion
C. to help people choose their pet dogs
D. to help people judge the mood of dogs
【单选题】
The underlined word "they" in the last sentence refers to __________.___
A. the trainers
B. the systems
C. the researchers
D. the dogs
【单选题】
The new law passed in Rome will ________.___
A. help improve fishing environment
B. stop people from catching goldfish
C. guarantee better conditions for goldfish
D. discourage keeping goldfish at home
【单选题】
People in Rome believe that the civilization of a city can be judged by _________.___
A. awareness of animal protection
B. exchanges with other cities
C. protection of ancient ruins
D. recognition of animal lovers
【单选题】
The underlined word "compassion" in Para 2 is the closest in meaning to __________.___
A. support
B. pity
C. help
D. love
【单选题】
People may break the law in Turin if they ________.___
A. keep their dogs or cats in cars
B. shut their dogs home all day long
C. raise their cats near ancient ruins
D. feed homeless animals in car parks
【单选题】
We can infer from the passage that _________.___
A. the owners can leave their dogs in hot cars
B. the cat only lives in modern life
C. the new law can prevent cruelty to animals
D. the new law gives recognition to the
people who feed homeless cat
【单选题】
If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.___
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
【单选题】
Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?___
A. Unawareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
【单选题】
If one wants to work efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should __________.___
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
【单选题】
You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will __________.___
A. help to keep your energy for the day's work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
【单选题】
Which of the following statements is NOT true?___
A. Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.
B. Dr. Kletman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C. Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.
D. Children have energy cycles, too.
【单选题】
An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is __________.___
A. to increase their sense of success
B. to make sports less competitive
C. to reduce their mental stress
D. to make sports more challenging
【单选题】
According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that __________.___
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences
【单选题】
Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes __________.___
A. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B. in order to make them remember life's lessons
C. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D. so as to put more pressure on them
【单选题】
According to the passage parents and coaches should __________.___
A. help children to win every game
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. train children to cope with stress
D. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
【单选题】
The author's purpose in writing the passage is _________.___
A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
【单选题】
As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution _______.___
A. cause widespread damage in the countryside
B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C. had damaged effect on health
D. existed merely in urban and industries areas
【单选题】
As to the greenhouse effect, the author ________.___
A. share the same view with the scientist
B. is uncertain of its occurrence
C. rejects it as being ungrounded
D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon
【单选题】
The underlined word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by _________.___
A. slip into
B. make up for
C. set up
D. catch up with
【单选题】
It can be concluded that ____________.___
A. raising the world's temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B. lowering the world's temperature merely a few degrees would lead major farming areas to disaster
C. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D. the world's temperature will remain constant in the years to come
【单选题】
This passage is primarily about __________.___
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the burning of fossil fuels
C. the potential effect of air pollution
D. the likelihood of a new ice age
【单选题】
What is the major function of paragraph 1?___
A. To arouse the reader's concern.
B. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
C. To summarize the whole passage.
D. To state the primary uses of TV.
【单选题】
Television, as a source of entertainment, is ________.___
A. not very convenient
B. very expensive
C. quite dangerous
D. relatively cheap
【单选题】
Why are some people against TV?___
A. Because TV programs are not interesting.
B. Because TV viewers are totally passive.
C. Because TV prices are very high.
D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages.
【单选题】
One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that _________.___
A. it keeps us informed
B. it is very cheap
C. it enables us to have a rest
D. it controls our lives
【单选题】
According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on ___________.___
A. its quality
B. people's attitude towards it
C. how we use it
D. when we use it
【单选题】
What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?___
A. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.
B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.
C. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.
D. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.
【单选题】
The returned plastic bottles in New York used to _____________.___
A. be turned into raw materials
B. be separated from other rubbish
C. have a second-life value
D. end up somewhere underground
【单选题】
The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ______________.___
A. how to reduce their recycling costs
B. to sell them at a profitable price
C. how to turn them into useful things
D. to lower the prices for used materials
【单选题】
Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because ______________.___
A. recycling causes little pollution
B. other methods are more expensive
C. recycling has great appeal for the jobless
D. local governments find it easy to manage
【单选题】
It can be concluded from the passage that ____________.___
A. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally
B. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recycling
C. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials
D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal
【单选题】
The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ________.___
A. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
B. wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
C. intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
D. wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
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【多选题】
乙炔的危害有___。
A. 能使碳二加氢催化剂中毒
B. 乙炔在高温下容易爆炸
C. 乙炔能与铜等金属形成爆炸性物质
D. 乙炔带到乙烯产品中,对下游装置的正常生产及产品质量极为不利
【多选题】
裂解气中水的来源是___。
A. 由于裂解原料在裂解时,加入一定量的稀释蒸汽
B. 裂解气在急冷塔中用急冷水洗涤
C. 在脱除酸性气体中的碱洗、水洗处理
D. 甲烷化反应带来
【多选题】
冷泵在开车前进行预冷的作用是___。
A. 使泵体各构件收缩均匀
B. 避免泵启动后发生变形
C. 泵启动后液体会汽化不上量
D. 防止泵启动后密封变形而泄漏
【多选题】
在甲烷化开车过程中,将()引入系统做为升温介质,当温度达到()℃,开始微开H2阀门,将H2引入反应器内。___
A. N2
B. H2
C. 130℃
D. 150℃
【多选题】
碳三加氢(液相加氢)反应器开车过程中,开始配氢的条件有___。
A. 氢气合格后
B. 反应器一开始进料就可以
C. 反应器物料已建立起循环,稀释线已打开
D. 反应器出口泵运转后
【多选题】
高压脱丙烷塔开车时,加快回流罐降温速度有利于()降低,当塔顶温度()℃且隐定后,可进行碳二加氢开车工作。___
A. 出料温度
B. 塔顶温度
C. -18
D. -25
【多选题】
碳三加氢反应器在配氢前,应注意的项目有___。
A. 反应器床层温度
B. 反应器入口MAPD浓度
C. 反应器进料量
D. 稀释线是否已投用
【多选题】
脱丁烷塔灵敏板温度低时,应考虑的因素有___。
A. 蒸汽压力
B. 蒸汽流量
C. 蒸汽温度
D. 蒸汽调节阀的开度
【多选题】
提高碳二加氢反应器入口温度可以___。
A. 提高催化剂活性;
B. 降低催化剂活性;
C. 降低cat的选择性;
D. 提高cat选择性
【多选题】
碳二加氢催化剂使用初期,可用()和()的方法改善其性能。___
A. 降低入口温度
B. 降低出口温度
C. 调整炉的COT
D. 调整注硫量
【多选题】
碳三加氢反应器正常操作时,要控制的参数有___。
A. 氢炔比
B. 入口温度
C. 稀释量
D. 出口MAPD含量
【多选题】
当碳三加氢出口MAPD偏高时,原因可能有___。
A. 反应器温度差小
B. 配氢比不当
C. 反应温度不足
D. 进料中碳三多
【多选题】
甲烷化反应器氮气升温准备工作有___。
A. 反应器进料加热器预热好,凝液流程畅通
B. 确认反应器进料事故阀关闭
C. 确认反应器进料前闸阀关闭
D. 仪表完好
【多选题】
开车前甲烷化反应器氮气升温的目的是___。
A. 预热床层使之达到反应温度
B. 缩短开车时间
C. 避免物料直接升温生成巨毒物质羰基镍,使催化剂的活性下降
D. 使甲烷化反应提前发生
【多选题】
避免粗氢中一氧化碳与镍催化剂生成羰基镍是因为___。
A. 会使镍催化剂活性降低
B. 羰基镍有巨毒
C. 会使镍催化剂活性过高而发生飞温
D. 发生爆炸
【多选题】
膨胀机紧急停车后,应___。
A. 打开压缩机出口阀
B. 应迅速调整膨胀机入口焦-汤阀
C. 关闭压缩机侧入口阀
D. 关闭膨胀机侧入口阀
【多选题】
关于甲醇的解冻机理,下列说法正确的是___。
A. 甲醇的凝固点较低
B. 其熔点较低
C. 与水相溶
D. 其水合物的冰点较低
【多选题】
有关精馏塔物料平衡下列叙述不正确的是___。
A. 塔顶采出量等于进料量
B. 塔顶采出量小于塔进料量
C. 塔釜采出量等于进料量
D. 塔釜采出量小于塔进料量
【多选题】
在二元组分精馏中,___三个参数中的两个参数被确定,那么第三个参数也就被相应确定了。
【多选题】
在裂解气分离系统中,可视为二元精馏塔的是___。
A. 低压脱丙烷塔
B. 乙烯精馏塔
C. 脱丁烷塔
D. 丙烯精馏塔
【多选题】
氢气干燥器的再生步骤有___。
A. 充压
B. 切换
C. 保压备用
D. 泄压
【多选题】
低温泵在切换前,要检查的项目是___。
A. 润滑油液位是否正常
B. 泵预冷是否合格
C. 盘车是否正常
D. 各阀开关是否正确
【多选题】
低温泵切换后,要对运行泵检查,检查项目有___。
A. 电流
B. 出口压力
C. 泵及电机的声响
D. 是否有泄漏
【多选题】
脱丁烷塔再沸器出现___下列现象时,可以切出清理。
A. 塔釜温度与挥发性温度之差呈上升趋势
B. 再沸器传热阻力增大,热源流量大,而加热量还不足
C. 灵敏板温度偏低
D. 釜温偏低
【多选题】
前脱丙烷工艺流程中,碳二加氢反应器进料中各组分中需要控制的项目为___。
A. 乙炔
B. 丙烯
C. 一氧化碳
D. 碳四
【多选题】
碳三加氢反应器入口一般分析项目有___。
A. H2含量
B. 丙炔、丙二烯的含量
C. 丙烯含量
D. 丙烷含量
【多选题】
碳三加氢反应器正常操作时,要控制的参数有___。
A. 氢炔比
B. 入口温度
C. 稀释量
D. 出口MAPD含量
【多选题】
来自高压脱丙烷塔回流罐的干燥裂解气,在E-401中被___激冷。
A. 循环乙烷
B. -40℃丙烯
C. 分馏分凝器釜底物料
D. -7℃丙烯
【多选题】
对于脱甲烷塔而言,其关键组份是___。
【多选题】
脱甲烷塔是通过()控制塔压的,低压脱丙烷塔则主要是通过()来控制塔压的。___
A. 调节C-400A的入口叶片分程
B. 调节塔釜再沸器温度
C. 调节塔顶冷凝剂用量
D. 调节回流量
【多选题】
脱甲塔采用多股进料,一可节省()的冷量,二可提高塔的(),降低运转费用。___
A. 低温冷剂
B. 冷箱
C. 处理能力
D. 采出
【多选题】
丙烯汽提塔采用()作再沸热剂,丙烯精馏塔塔顶采用()作为冷剂。___
【多选题】
脱乙烷塔T-440塔釜再沸采用()塔顶冷凝器采用()冷剂。___
【多选题】
脱丁烷塔常规控制项目有___。
A. 混合碳四中碳三含量
B. 混合碳四中碳五含量
C. 塔釜汽油中碳四含量
D. 塔釜汽油中碳三含量
【多选题】
装置用仪表风压力正常在()露点为()。___
A. 0.7MPa
B. 0.6MPa
C. -40℃
D. -70℃
【多选题】
装置用冷却上水温度最大为()℃,冷却下水最大温度为()℃。___
【多选题】
关于装置负荷波动对分离系统的影响,下列说法正确的是___。
A. 冷箱系统会产生波动
B. 各精馏塔会波动
C. 各反应器会波动
D. 再生系统会波动
【多选题】
关于乙烷裂解炉负荷的波动对乙烯精馏塔的影响,下列说法正确的是___。
A. 影响乙烯精馏塔压差
B. 影响乙烷采出量的平衡
C. 不会影响乙烯精馏塔的温度分布
D. 可能影响乙烯产品纯度
【多选题】
控制高压甲烷中乙烯含量的目的___。
A. 保证甲烷产品质量
B. 减小乙烯损失
C. 提高乙烯收率
D. 降低冷箱温度