【单选题】
(3)The fluid environment surrounding each cell is called the___
A. intracellular fluid
B. intracellular fluid
C. internal environment
D. external environment
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相关试题
【单选题】
(4) Which of the following is not the fundamental characteristic of living organisms?___
A. metabolism
B. adaption
C. reproduction
D. passive diffusion
【单选题】
(5)Whicl of the following is a physiological process with negative feedback?___
A. blood coagulation
B. process of passing urine
C. sino-aortic baroreceptor reflex
D. process of parturition
【单选题】
(6)Which of the following is not the characteristic of regulation by hormone?___
A. diffusenin nature
B. longer in duration
C. accurate in action
D. action in overcorrection
【单选题】
7)Which of the following is not the characteristic of cells?___
A. They are bound by the plasma membrane
B. They have the ability to break down large molecules to smaller ones to Liberate energy for their activities
C. They possess a nucleus which contains genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA).
D. Living cells can not transform materials.
【单选题】
8)The breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones is called___
A. respiration
B. anabolism
C. catabolism
D. absorption
【单选题】
9) Which of the following descriptions about the characteristics of nervous regulation is wrong?___
A. It responds fast
B. It acts exactly
C. It responds slowly.D.
D. uration is short
【单选题】
10)Which of the following descriptions about the control of body function is wrong?___
A. Homeostasis is kept by feedback control.
B. Negative feedback minimizes the changes, leading to stability.
C. Positive feedback is not useful.
D. Feed-forward makes human body foresee and adapt itself to the environment promptly.
【单选题】
(1)Which of the following parts of knowledge of drugs should be included in pharmacology?___
A. The effects of drugs on man
B. The correlation of biological activity with chemical structure
C. The history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiologicaleffects, mechanisms of action, absorption, distrilbution, biotransformation and excretion.
D. The prevention, recognition, and treatment of drug poisonings
【单选题】
(2)Which of the following is what a clinician is primarily interested in according to the text?___
A. Drugs which can be reasonably limited to those aspects that provide the basis for their rational clinical use
B. Chemical agents that are not used in therapy but are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution
C. Drugs which are useful in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human disease,or in the prevention of pregnancy.
D. rugs which are useful in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human disease, or in the prevention of pregnancy.
【单选题】
(3)Why was the physician not interested in pharmacognosy?___
A. He didn't have to select the proper plants for his prescription
B. He had a broad botanical knowledge
C. Fewer drugs were obtained from natural sources
D. Natural drugs had little difference with synthetic ones
【单选题】
(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___
A. to have a broad botanical knowledge
B. to select a plant and its preparation
C. to have the ability to purify natural plants
D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs
【单选题】
(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___
A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines
B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines
C. dosage forms of medicines available
D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines
【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
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【单选题】
___不是影响等离子弧压缩程度比较敏感的参数。
A. 喷嘴孔陉和孔道长度
B. 离子气流量
C. 焊接电流和焊接速度
D. 钨极直径
【单选题】
焊接工艺参数线能量，又称热输入，它与___无关。
A. 焊接电流
B. 电弧电压
C. 空载电压
D. 焊接速度
【单选题】
___是焊缝一次结晶的组织特征。
A. 等轴晶
B. 粒状晶
C. 絮状晶
D. 柱状晶
【单选题】
___不是钢焊缝金属中氧的主要来源。
A. 锈中的氧化物和结晶水
B. CO2气体保护焊时的CO2气
C. 焊条药皮和埋弧焊剂中的水分
D. 母材和焊丝中的氧
【单选题】
___不是钢电弧焊时氢的来源。
A. 锈中结晶水
B. 工件和焊丝表面的油污
C. 焊条药皮和焊弧焊剂中的水分
D. 母材和焊丝中的氢
【单选题】
奥氏体不锈钢焊缝金属中的磷会引起___。
A. 未熔合
B. 冷温脆性
C. 冷裂纹
D. 热裂纹
【单选题】
___不是热轧低碳钢焊接热影响区的组成部分。
A. 过热区
B. 正火区
C. 部分相变区
D. 再结晶区
【单选题】
___不是影响焊接接头性能的因素。
A. 焊后热处理
B. 焊接工艺方法
C. 焊接工艺参数
D. 焊接位置
【单选题】
反变形法主要用来减小弯曲变形和___。
A. 收缩变形
B. 扭曲变形
C. 波浪变形
D. 角变形
【单选题】
火焰矫正焊接变形时，最高加热温度不宜超过___℃。
A. 1300
B. 1100
C. 900
D. 800
【单选题】
火焰矫正法适用于___构件矫正焊接变形。
A. 奥氏体不锈钢
B. 珠光体耐热钢
C. 16Mn
D. 中碳钢
【单选题】
对于___，焊后不必采取消除焊接应力的措施。
A. 塑性较差的高强钢焊接结构
B. 刚性拘束度大的厚壁压力容器结构
C. 存在较大的三向拉伸残余应力的结构
D. 低碳钢、16Mn等一般性焊接结构
【单选题】
___不是减小焊接应力的措施。
A. 采用合理的焊接顺序和方向
B. 采用较小的焊接线能量
C. 预热
D. 采用较大的焊接线能量
【单选题】
碳当量___时，钢的淬硬冷裂倾向不大， 焊接性优良。
A. 小于0.40%
B. 小于0.50%
C. 小于0.60%
D. 小于0.80%
【单选题】
___不属于低合金专用结构钢。
A. 耐蚀钢
B. 低合金低温钢
C. 珠光体耐 热 钢
D. 马氏体不锈钢
【单选题】
___不属于有淬硬冷裂倾向的低合金结构钢焊接工艺特点。
A. 采取预热
B. 要控制线能量（热输入）、
C. 采取降低含氢量的工艺措施
D. 采用酸性焊条
【单选题】
屈服点在___MPa以上的低合金结构钢焊接时一般需要预热。
A. 275
B. 295
C. 345
D. 390
【单选题】
低合金结构钢采取局部预热时，预热范围为焊缝两侧各不小于焊件厚度的3倍，且不小于___mm。
A. 300
B. 250
C. 200
D. 100
【单选题】
16Mn钢焊接时，焊条应选用___。
A. E4303
B. E4315
C. E5515—G
D. E5015
【单选题】
板厚16mm以下的16Mn钢焊接环境温度___℃以下预热100 ~ 150℃。
【单选题】
18MnMoNb钢的使用状态为___。
A. 正火加回火
B. 退火
C. 热轧
D. 热轧加回火
【单选题】
在高温、高压蒸汽的运行条件下，碳钢的最高工作温度为___℃。
A. 350
B. 450
C. 550
D. 650
【单选题】
___是珠光体耐热钢的主要合金元素。
A. Cr 和Ni
B. Cr和Mn
C. Mn和Mo
D. Cr和Mo
【单选题】
珠光体耐热钢焊前局部预热必须保证预热宽度焊缝两侧各大于所焊壁厚的4倍，且至少不小于___mm。
A. 50
B. 100
C. 150
D. 200
【单选题】
珠光体耐热钢焊条电弧焊焊后应立即进行___。
A. 中温回火
B. 低温回火
C. 退火
D. 高温回火
【单选题】
奥氏体不锈钢焊接是，如果焊接材料选用不当或焊接工艺不合理时会产生___等问题。
A. 接头软化和热裂纹
B. 降低接头抗晶间腐蚀能力和冷裂纹
C. 降低接头抗晶间腐蚀能力和再热裂纹
D. 降低接头抗晶间腐蚀能力和热裂纹
【单选题】
为了防止奥氏体不锈钢焊接热裂纹，希望焊缝金属组织是奥氏体—铁素体双相组织，其中铁素体的质量分数应控制在___左右 。
A. 30%
B. 20%
C. 10%
D. 5%
【单选题】
奥氏体不锈钢多层多道焊时，层间温度（即各焊道间温度）应低于___℃。
A. 350
B. 250
C. 150
D. 60
【单选题】
牌号为A137的焊条是___。
A. 碳钢焊条
B. 低合金钢焊条
C. 珠光体耐热钢焊条
D. 奥氏体不锈钢焊条
【单选题】
___不是奥氏体不锈钢焊条电弧焊工艺操作必须遵循的原则。
A. 采用小线能量，小电流短弧快速焊
B. 采用多层多道焊
C. 采用焊条摆动的窄道焊
D. 选用焊条碱性焊条，采用直流反接
【单选题】
___不是焊缝内部缺陷。
A. 未熔合
B. 未焊透
C. 夹渣
D. 焊瘤
【单选题】
工作表面锈皮未清除干净会引起___。
A. 气孔
B. 再热裂纹
C. 咬边
D. 弧坑
【单选题】
钨级直径太小、焊接电流太大是产生___的原因之一。
A. 冷裂纹
B. 热裂纹
C. 再热裂纹
D. 夹钨
【单选题】
在射线探伤胶片上呈一条断续的或连续的黑直线（其宽窄取决于对接焊缝坡门根部间隙的大小）缺陷是___。
A. 裂纹
B. 未熔合
C. 气孔
D. 未焊透
【单选题】
我国射线探伤标准规定，焊缝质量分为四个等级，3级焊缝内不允许有___。
A. 气孔
B. 夹渣
C. 夹钨
D. 加垫板单面焊的未焊透
【判断题】
在生产中焊工对焊工工艺文件可根据实际情况灵活执行
【判断题】
在910℃以下的面心立方晶格的铁称为γ-Fe
【判断题】
材料在外力作用下抵抗永久变形和断裂的能力称为强度
