(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharma_答案

【单选题】

(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___

A. to have a broad botanical knowledge

B. to select a plant and its preparation

C. to have the ability to purify natural plants

D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs

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【单选题】

(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___

A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines

B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines

C. dosage forms of medicines available

D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines

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【单选题】

(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___

A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science

B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs

C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology

D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine

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【单选题】

7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___

A. the second half of the seventeenth century

B. the second half of the eighteenth century

C. the second half of the nineteenth century

D. the second half of the twentieth century

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【单选题】

8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___

A. study of clinical effect of drugs

B. study of the process of drugs in the body

C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body

D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure

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【单选题】

(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___

A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.

B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.

C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man

D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals

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【单选题】

(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___

A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease

B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects

C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites

D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics

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【单选题】

1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___

A. division

B. pieces

C. part

D. fragment

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【单选题】

2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___

A. solid

B. inert

C. soft

D. active

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【单选题】

3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___

A. induce complications

B. make easy

C. introduce complications

D. introduce easy

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【单选题】

4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___

A. combined

B. assembled

C. joined

D. assorted

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【单选题】

(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___

A. sending

B. transporting

C. delivering

D. giving

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【单选题】

(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___

A. determine

B. make sure

C. find

D. search

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【单选题】

(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___

A. count in

B. count on

C. depend on

D. rely on

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【单选题】

(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___

A. laboriously

B. hardly

C. easy

D. effectively

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【单选题】

(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___

A. strength

B. effect

C. potency

D. effort

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【单选题】

10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___

A. help

B. assist with

C. assist in

D. assist to

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【单选题】

(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___

A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics

B. manufacturing

C. physical pharmacy

D. biopharmaceutics

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【单选题】

（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___

A. discovery of novel drugs

B. analytical methods

C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process

D. dosing regimen

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【单选题】

(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___

A. absorption and distribution

B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion

C. metabolism and excretion

D. absorption and excretion

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【单选题】

(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___

A. total plasma drug concentration only

B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma

C. unbound drug concentration at the target site

D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose

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【单选题】

(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___

A. rate of absorption

B. rate and extent of distribution

C. rate ofeli Imination

D. all ofabove

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【单选题】

6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___

A. i.v.injection

B. i.v.infusion

C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral

D. None of above

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【单选题】

（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___

A. Food

B. Disease state

C. Route of administration

D. All of above

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【单选题】

(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___

A. Sk d dermis

B. Gastrointestinal epithelium

C. Oral mucosal membrane

D. All of above

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【单选题】

(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___

A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)

B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)

C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)

D. All ofabove

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【单选题】

(10)Which of the following statements is true?___

A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.

B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.

C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.

D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.

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【判断题】

Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

（3） As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

(6)Toxicology deals not only with drugs used in therapy but also with many other chemicals that may be responsible for household, environmental, or industrial intoxication.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

1)With the more efficient screening tests and burgeoning knowledge about how a molecules biological activities are likely to be changed, the traditional approach of discovering new drugs has been improved.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

2)With the parallel synthesis used to identify which small segment of any given large protein would bind to an antibody, Mario Geysen generated a variety of short protein fragments by combining multiple amino acids in different permutations.

A. 对

B. 错

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急性心肌梗死临床上最常见的心电图改变是___

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护理急性脑出血患者时应注意预防___

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原发性肝癌普查最常先用的是___

A. CT

B. AFP

C. MRI

D. AKP

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正常人心脏的起搏点___

A. 窦房结

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C. x线检查可见膈下游离气体

D. 腹式呼吸音减弱

E. 板状腹

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E. 每1～2月一次

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下列各种细胞中HIV主要感染的是___

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E. CDT淋巴细胞

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上消化道呕出大量鲜红色血且不易控制的常见病为___

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D. 急性出血性胃炎出血

E. 胃癌出血

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急性心肌梗死最早、最突出的症状是___

A. 心前区疼痛

B. 心原性休克

C. 室性心律失常

D. 急性左心衰竭

E. 胃肠道症状

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心绞痛发作性胸痛部位在___

A. 胸骨体中段或上段之后且向左肩、左臂内侧放射

B. 胸骨后且向左肩、左臂外侧放射

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D. 心尖区且向左肩、左臂内侧放射

E. 剑突附近向右肩、右臂内侧放射

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胸廓两侧呼吸运动减弱见于___

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确诊一氧化碳中毒的主要依据是___

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预防慢性风湿性心脏瓣膜病患者风湿活动复发的根本措施是___

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急性肾炎的发病机制是___

A. 抗基底膜抗体介导

B. 沉积的循环免疫复合物介导

C. 细胞免疫介导

D. 其他D炎症介导

E. 以上都不是

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肝性脑病的护理措施中，最重要的环节是___

A. 加强基础护理

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D. 注意休息保暖

E. 严密观察病情

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消化性溃疡最重要的护理诊断是___

A. 疼痛

B. 焦虑

C. 知识缺乏

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E. 营养失调

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肥厚型心肌病的临床表现不包括___

A. 肝脏肿大、水肿

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E. 非典型心绞痛

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胃壁分为黏膜、黏膜下层、肌层、浆膜层4层，其中黏膜层主要由下列哪几种细胞组成___

A. 主细胞

B. 壁细胞

C. 粘液细胞

D. B细胞

E. 主细胞，壁细胞和粘液细胞

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【单选题】

女，31岁，便秘多年，反复发作尿路感染，多次尿培养为大肠杆菌生长，夜尿增多。尿检蛋白(±)，白细胞5～15个/HP，红细胞3～5个/HP，临床诊断慢性肾盂肾炎，已实施正规治疗。下列护理指导中哪项对预防复发无意义___

A. 继续抗菌治疗

B. 禁用肾毒性抗生素

C. 保持大便通畅

D. 多饮水

E. 注意经期卫生

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【单选题】

成年男性的血红蛋白正常值范围为___

A. 110～150g/L

B. 110～160g/L

C. 120～160g/L

D. 120～170g/L

E. 170～200g/L

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