【单选题】
(1)Which of the following parts of knowledge of drugs should be included in pharmacology?___
A. The effects of drugs on man
B. The correlation of biological activity with chemical structure
C. The history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiologicaleffects, mechanisms of action, absorption, distrilbution, biotransformation and excretion.
D. The prevention, recognition, and treatment of drug poisonings
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【单选题】
(2)Which of the following is what a clinician is primarily interested in according to the text?___
A. Drugs which can be reasonably limited to those aspects that provide the basis for their rational clinical use
B. Chemical agents that are not used in therapy but are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution
C. Drugs which are useful in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human disease,or in the prevention of pregnancy.
D. rugs which are useful in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human disease, or in the prevention of pregnancy.
【单选题】
(3)Why was the physician not interested in pharmacognosy?___
A. He didn't have to select the proper plants for his prescription
B. He had a broad botanical knowledge
C. Fewer drugs were obtained from natural sources
D. Natural drugs had little difference with synthetic ones
【单选题】
(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___
A. to have a broad botanical knowledge
B. to select a plant and its preparation
C. to have the ability to purify natural plants
D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs
【单选题】
(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___
A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines
B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines
C. dosage forms of medicines available
D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines
【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
【判断题】
The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
【判断题】
With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.
【判断题】
A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance
【判断题】
(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.
【判断题】
2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.
【判断题】
（3） As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.
【判断题】
The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.
【判断题】
(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.
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【单选题】
新上岗、转岗和提职职工必须参加___及其他规定的安全教育，经培训考试合格后，方准上岗单独作业；特种作业人员必须持有效的特种作业操作证上岗。
A. 二级安全教育
B. 三级安全教育
C. 生产安全教育
D. 一级安全教育
【单选题】
___主要指“三废”处理，保护大气和水源等不被污染。
A. 劳动保护
B. 设备保护
C. 环境保护
D. 卫生保护
【单选题】
发放防护用品的目的，是为了保护职工在生产过程中的___，是生产的客观需要。
A. 安全和健康
B. 舒适自由
C. 工作便利
D. 身心愉悦
【单选题】
预防___的综合措施有：加强个人防护，降低有毒物品浓度，消除毒物，加强安全卫生管理，健康监护等。
【单选题】
在___过程中，各个班组应根据自己的实际和特点，运用科学管理方法，合理地组织生产活动，充分发挥班组全体成员和设备的能力，用最少的人力、物力消耗创造出最佳的安全和经济效果。
A. 生产管理
B. 卫生管理
C. 纪律管理
D. 财务管理
【单选题】
班组___一般包括组织、计划、准备、控制四个方面的内容。
A. 生产管理
B. 卫生管理
C. 纪律管理
D. 财务管理
【单选题】
___是班组整个生产计划的具体执行计划。它把站段或车间的生产计划指标中分配给班组的月度生产任务以及临时性的生产任务具体分配到每个工作岗位和个人，规定他们在具体时间段应该完成的任务，并按照日程要求安排生产进度。
A. 预算计划
B. 设备计划
C. 技术计划
D. 作业计划
【单选题】
通常情况下，班前会由___组织召开，其要对每个人布置生产任务，传达安全注意事项，并做好工作动员等。
A. 车间主任
B. 班组长
C. 财务人员
D. 技术人员
【单选题】
___和工具是班组进行生产的重要物质技术基础。
A. 技术
B. 生产要求
C. 过程管理
D. 设备
【单选题】
现代___管理，是包括设备寿命周期全过程的管理，即从选购设备、投人生产领域，以及在生产领域内使用、维护、磨损及其补偿，直至报废退出生产领域为止的全过程。
【单选题】
班组设备维护保养应贯彻“___为主，维修与计划检修并重”的原则。
【单选题】
设备因某种原因改变或丧失了工作能力，或降低了生产效能称为___。
A. 技术故障
B. 行车事故
C. 设备故障
D. 设备缺陷
【单选题】
现场___是质量形成过程中的重要阶段，是对生产现场或服务现场进行的质量管理。
A. 质量管理
B. 生产管理
C. 技术管理
D. 安全管理
【单选题】
站段、车间、班组三级经济核算制是以___经济核算为基础的。
【单选题】
___经济核算是根据每个班组的特点，本着“干什么算什么”的原则，简单明了地反映出班组生产经营过程中的消耗定额、工时、费用等指标，以及各项任务的实际完成情况。
【单选题】
___管理是指在整个管理过程中，人们收集、加工和输入、输出的信息的总称。
【单选题】
___从总体上说可分为两大类，基本生产现场和辅助生产现场。
A. 生产车间
B. 生产现场
C. 管理现场
D. 办公地点
【单选题】
___是指铁路运输系统各部门、各单位间相互衔接、密切联系的“空间带”。这往往是部门利益的焦点，如：各铁路局的分界口、相邻调度台等。
A. 时间结合部
B. 空间结合部
C. 过程结合部
D. 设备结合部
【单选题】
___是指在连续的生产过程中，各工种、各工序按规定要求在完成作业项目和内容时所发生的时间“节点”，如：列车交会时刻、交接班时刻、运营指标统计起止时刻、运输作业阶段等。
A. 时间结合部
B. 空间结合部
C. 过程结合部
D. 设备结合部
【单选题】
___是指铁路运输设备在维修、使用、保管之间的“联系环”。其中包括设备运用部门与维修部门之间的联系，还包括设备使用和维修过程中相关设备、连锁设备之间的相互影响。
A. 时间结合部
B. 空间结合部
C. 过程结合部
D. 设备结合部
【单选题】
___是指对运输生产经营有密切关系、有重要影响的各种“环境域”，如：运行秩序、治安情况、站车关系等。
A. 时间结合部
B. 空间结合部
C. 过程结合部
D. 环境结合部
【单选题】
___是指在计划期内，班组应完成的工作总量，是为把企业和车间的生产任务，落实到每个人、每台设备上而编制的具体工作方案。
A. 班组规划
B. 班组计划
C. 长期计划
D. 中期计划
【单选题】
___通常包括常规任务作业计划、突击性任务作业计划和临时性任务作业计划三大类。
A. 战略计划
B. 班组现场作业计划
C. 长期计划
D. 中期计划
【单选题】
___是企业在直接生产工作过程中寻求人、物、环境三者处于最佳状态的现代管理技术。
A. 定置管理
B. 目标管理
C. 人力管理
D. 设备管理
【单选题】
___的实施主要是开展好“五项”活动，即清理、清扫、整顿、定置、考核。
A. 定置管理
B. 目标管理
C. 人力管理
D. 资源管理
【单选题】
班组___设置分为两类：一类为生产业务台账，另一类为综合管理台账。
【单选题】
下列哪一项不属于班组6S管理的内容___。
【单选题】
___就是将现场的各种物品区分为必要和不必要两类，并将必要的留下来，不必要的从工作现场彻底清除或放置在别处保管。
【单选题】
___就是对必要的物品分门别类，按照规定的位置摆放整齐，并加上 标志，放置在作业时方便使用的地方。
【单选题】
___就是指危险、危害事件发生的可能性与后果严重程度的综合度量。
【单选题】
推行安全风险管理，前提是要增强___。
A. 安全风险意识
B. 处理事故的能力
C. 应急处置的能力
D. 大局意识
【单选题】
超出人们设定的安全界限的状态或行为指的是___，它是直接导致事故发生的根源。
A. 危险源
B. 风险因子
C. 隐患
D. 事故
【单选题】
___是指以一定的状态、形式存在的物或物质。
A. 风险因子
B. 危险源
C. 隐患
D. 事故
【单选题】
下列哪个特点不是安全风险所具备的。___
A. 客观实在性
B. 隐蔽性
C. 可评估性
D. 不可控性
【单选题】
铁路安全风险管理强调安全第一、预防为主、综合治理，强调树立责任意识、问题意识和风险意识，牢固树立___.
A. “一体化”
B. “两纪一化”
C. “三个共识”
D. “以人为中心”
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是构成安全风险最基本的因素。___
A. 环境的不安全因素
B. 现场作业的不规范
C. 设备的异常状态
D. 人员的违章行为
【单选题】
实施安全风险管理不包括下列哪个基本环节。___
A. 风险识别
B. 风险评估
C. 风险发生
D. 风险控制
【单选题】
所谓___，就是对不能接受的伤害和损失采取安全预防措施，以达到消除、降低危害的安全。
A. 风险识别
B. 风险评估
C. 风险控制
D. 风险评价
