【单选题】
(6)Which of the following is not the characteristic of regulation by hormone?___
A. diffusenin nature
B. longer in duration
C. accurate in action
D. action in overcorrection
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【单选题】
7)Which of the following is not the characteristic of cells?___
A. They are bound by the plasma membrane
B. They have the ability to break down large molecules to smaller ones to Liberate energy for their activities
C. They possess a nucleus which contains genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA).
D. Living cells can not transform materials.
【单选题】
8)The breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones is called___
A. respiration
B. anabolism
C. catabolism
D. absorption
【单选题】
9) Which of the following descriptions about the characteristics of nervous regulation is wrong?___
A. It responds fast
B. It acts exactly
C. It responds slowly.D.
D. uration is short
【单选题】
10)Which of the following descriptions about the control of body function is wrong?___
A. Homeostasis is kept by feedback control.
B. Negative feedback minimizes the changes, leading to stability.
C. Positive feedback is not useful.
D. Feed-forward makes human body foresee and adapt itself to the environment promptly.
【单选题】
(1)Which of the following parts of knowledge of drugs should be included in pharmacology?___
A. The effects of drugs on man
B. The correlation of biological activity with chemical structure
C. The history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiologicaleffects, mechanisms of action, absorption, distrilbution, biotransformation and excretion.
D. The prevention, recognition, and treatment of drug poisonings
【单选题】
(2)Which of the following is what a clinician is primarily interested in according to the text?___
A. Drugs which can be reasonably limited to those aspects that provide the basis for their rational clinical use
B. Chemical agents that are not used in therapy but are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution
C. Drugs which are useful in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human disease,or in the prevention of pregnancy.
D. rugs which are useful in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human disease, or in the prevention of pregnancy.
【单选题】
(3)Why was the physician not interested in pharmacognosy?___
A. He didn't have to select the proper plants for his prescription
B. He had a broad botanical knowledge
C. Fewer drugs were obtained from natural sources
D. Natural drugs had little difference with synthetic ones
【单选题】
(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___
A. to have a broad botanical knowledge
B. to select a plant and its preparation
C. to have the ability to purify natural plants
D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs
【单选题】
(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___
A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines
B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines
C. dosage forms of medicines available
D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines
【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
【判断题】
The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
【判断题】
With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.
【判断题】
A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance
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【单选题】
我国雨带的季节性移动主要受哪个天气系统的支配___。
A. 台风
B. 西风槽
C. 西太平洋副热带高压
D. 江淮气旋
【单选题】
西北太平洋副高西南侧的西行台风，如遇西风带大槽东移发展，台风未来将___。
A. 继续西行
B. 转向西北行
C. 路径呈打转型
D. 逐渐转向东北行
【单选题】
对流性不稳定或位势不稳定层结的判据是___。
A. se / Z ＞0
B. ＞ d ＞ s
C. d ＞＞s
D. se / Z ＜0
【单选题】
在ω方程中，非绝热加热对垂直运动的贡献以___为主。
A. 地表长波辐射
B. 凝结潜热释放
C. 大气逆辐射
D. 下垫面感热加热
【单选题】
按照Orlanski（1975）提出的尺度划分方案，中-β尺度系统的水平尺度为___。
A. 200—2000km
B. 20—200km
C. 2—20km
【单选题】
冷式锢囚锋地面锋线与高空暖舌的位置关系是___。
A. 暖舌在锋线前
B. 暖舌在锋线上
C. 暖舌在锋线后
【单选题】
锋区内温度水平梯度比两侧气团内温度水平梯度___。
【单选题】
绝大多数东亚爆发性气旋形成于___。
A. 高空西风急流出口区的右侧
B. 高空西风急流出口区的左侧
C. 高空西风急流入口区的左侧
D. 高空西风急流入口区的右侧
【单选题】
根据位势倾向方程，槽前有正的相对涡度平流输送，等压面高度___。
【单选题】
通常将大范围风随季节而有规律转变的盛行风称为___。
A. 山谷风
B. 焚风
C. 季风
D. 海陆分
【单选题】
在影响我国的冷空气中，95％都要经过西伯利亚中部地区并在那里积累加强，这个地区称为寒潮关键区。它的经纬度范围是___。
A. 75°～90°E ；45°～65°N
B. 70°～90°E ；43°～65°N
C. 70°～90°E ；42°～65°N
D. 75°～90°E ；44°～65°N
【单选题】
CINRAD-SA的PUP的主要功能包括：（1）___；（2）产品数据存储和管理；（3）产品显示；（4）状态监视；（5）产品编辑注释。
A. 产品请求（获取）
B. 数据获取
C. 数据处理
D. 质量控制
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多普勒天气雷达的应用领域主要有对灾害性天气的___、定量估测大范围降水、风场信息、改善高分辨率数值天气预报模式的初值场。
A. 含水量
B. 预警
C. 监测和预警
D. 雨量
【单选题】
由于衰减，雷达所显示的降水回波将___实际的降水区，尤其是降水区远离雷达的一侧。
【单选题】
在弱的垂直风切变条件下，只有一种类型强风暴即脉冲风暴。其特点是初始回波出现的高度较高，通常在6－9km之间，最大反射率因子超过50 DBZ，有时会出现风暴顶辐散。其可能产生的强烈天气包括___、冰雹和弱龙卷。
A. 暴雨
B. 台风
C. 多单体风暴
D. 下击暴流
【单选题】
在识别γ中尺度（2～20km）系统的新一代天气雷达速度图像特征时，若γ中尺度系统在雷达探测区的正北方，当一对最大入流/出流中心距RDA不是等距也不在同一雷达径向时，若最大出流中心更靠近RDA并且最大入流中心位于雷达径向左侧时，表示γ中尺度系统的流场为___。
A. 气旋式辐合
B. 反气旋式辐合
C. 反气旋式辐散
D. 气旋式辐散
【单选题】
国际标准中规定：热带气旋中心附近最大平均风力达到___，就称为强热带风暴。
A. 6-7级；
B. 10-11级；C、12级 D、12级以上
【单选题】
各级气象主管机构所属的气象台站应当及时发布预警信号，并根据天气变化情况，及时更新或者解除预警信号，同时通报___及有关部门、防灾减灾机构。
A. 下级人民政府
B. 上级人民政府
C. 本级人民政府
【单选题】
雷达估计降水时，误差的来源是多方面的，如果雷达在亮带取样，将导致___估计降水。
【单选题】
纯粹的积状云降水反射率因子回波___。
A. 较均匀
B. 出现明显的“零度层”亮带
C. 强度很少超过35DBZ
D. 结构比较密实，反射率因子梯度较大
【单选题】
气象灾情分为___等级。
A. 大型、中型、小型
B. 重大型、大型、中型、小型
C. 较大型、大型、中型、小型、较小型
D. 特大型、大型、中型、小型、较小型
【单选题】
新一代天气雷达具有良好的多普勒测速能力，它能获取降水和降水云体中的风场信息，得到较准确的径向风场分布的数据，从而尽早识别弓形回波后侧入流、龙卷和下击暴流等造成___的灾害性天气并预测其演变。
【单选题】
《灾害性天气及其次生灾害落区预报业务暂行规定》中强降温定义为：24小时内最低气温下降___摄氏度或以上。
【单选题】
根据中国气象局《短时、临近预报业务暂行规定（试行）》(气预函〔2004〕65号)，当发现次责任区内出现强度___dBZ以上的，且具有明显的人字形结构、“V”型结构、穹隆结构或呈指状、涡旋状、环状、钩状等单体回波时，即可向相应雷达站发联防要求。
【单选题】
大雾黄色预警信号发布标准是未来12小时内可能出现能见度小于500米的雾或者已经出现能见度小于500米、大于等于___的雾并将持续。
A. 1000米
B. 200米
C. 500米
D. 50米
【单选题】
速度方位显示风廓线产品（VWP）代表了雷达上空___左右范围内风向风速随高度的变化。
A. 100公里
B. 60公里
C. 20公里
D. 10公里
