【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
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【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
【判断题】
The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
【判断题】
With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.
【判断题】
A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance
【判断题】
(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.
【判断题】
2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.
【判断题】
（3） As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.
【判断题】
The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.
【判断题】
(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.
【判断题】
(6)Toxicology deals not only with drugs used in therapy but also with many other chemicals that may be responsible for household, environmental, or industrial intoxication.
【判断题】
1)With the more efficient screening tests and burgeoning knowledge about how a molecules biological activities are likely to be changed, the traditional approach of discovering new drugs has been improved.
【判断题】
2)With the parallel synthesis used to identify which small segment of any given large protein would bind to an antibody, Mario Geysen generated a variety of short protein fragments by combining multiple amino acids in different permutations.
【判断题】
)A parallel synthesis and a split-and-mix synthesis are different in that in a split-and-mix synthesis, all the products are assembled separately n their respective reaction vessels.
【判断题】
4) In many laboratories, robots are used in the routine work of parallel synthesis to deliver small amounts of reactive molecules into appropriate wells, thus making the process more accurate and less tedious.
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【多选题】
剩余电流动作保护器安装后应进行的试验有。___
A. 试验按钮试验3次，均应正确动作
B. 带负荷分合交流接触器或开关3次，不应误动作
C. 每相分别用3kΩ试验电阻接地试跳，应可靠动作
D. 每相分别用5kΩ试验电阻接地试跳，应可靠动作
【多选题】
当增大变压器负载时，其。___
A. 原边电流不变化
B. 原边电流变小
C. 原边电流变大
D. 主磁通基本不变
【多选题】
使用吊车位移正杆的正确步骤是。___
A. 用吊车将杆子固定，吊点绳位置一般在距杆跟2-3m处
B. 摘除杆上固定的导线，使其脱离杆塔，然后登杆人员下杆
C. 在需要位移一侧靠杆根处垂直挖下，直到杆子埋深的深度
D. 使用吊车将杆子移到正确位置，校正垂直，然后将杆根土方回填夯实，恢复并固定导线，位移工作即告结束
【多选题】
架空配电线路导线架设的基本工序通常可分为放线准备、等工序。___
A. 交通管制
B. 放线、紧线
C. 挂线
D. 导线固定
【多选题】
是国家电网公司的服务理念。___
A. 党和国家工作大局
B. 经济社会发展
C. 真诚服务
D. 共谋发展
【多选题】
配电线路单横担安装的要求。___
A. 直线杆横担应装于受电侧
B. 分支杆、90°转角杆及终端杆横担应装于拉线侧
C. 横担安装应平整，横担端部上下歪斜和左右扭斜不应大于20mm
D. 直线杆横担应装与供电侧
【多选题】
进行电能表安装时的要求有。___
A. 电能表必须牢固地安装在可靠及干燥的墙板上，其周围环境应干净、明亮，便于装拆、维修
B. 电能表安装的场所必须是干燥、无震动、无腐蚀性气体
C. 电能表的进线、出线，应使用铜芯绝缘线，芯线截面要根据负荷而定，但不得小于1.5mm2，中间不应有接头，接线要牢，裸露的线头部分不可露出接线盒，自总熔断器盒至电能表之间敷设的导线长度不宜超过20m，在进入电能表时，一般以“左进右出”原则接线
D. 电能表接线必须正确，如果电能表是经过电流互感器接入电路中，电能表和互感器要尽量靠近些，还要特别注意极性和相序
【多选题】
电缆线路路径选择原则中，要求考虑方面的原因。___
A. 安全运行
B. 经济
C. 施工
D. 天气条件
【多选题】
电气化铁路单相整流型负荷、轧钢冲击负荷，可能会引起危害，对电能质量产生负面影响。___
A. 公共电网产生负序
B. 谐波波动
C. 电压波动
D. 发电机组功率振荡
【多选题】
造成电动机缺相运行的原因有，以及触点、接线端接触不良或因氧化锈蚀而接触电阻过大。___
A. 电源电压缺相
B. 电动机主电路熔断器熔断一相
C. 电动机定子绕组一相断线
D. 开关和起动控制设备等接线不良
【多选题】
使用电力营销业务系统，根据抄表段的等信息生成抄表计划。___
A. 抄表例日
B. 抄表周期
C. 抄表方式
D. 抄表人员
【多选题】
负载与电源连接的原则：一是保证负载得到额定电压，二是尽量使三相负载对称分布。无论是三相交流电源还是三相负载都有星形(Y)和三角形(△)两种连接方式。因此，三相电路可能实现的连接方式共有种连接。___
A. Y-Y
B. Y-△
C. △-Y
D. △-△
【多选题】
高压电容器组除采用内部熔丝外部熔断器保护外，还可采用等方法来保护。___
A. 电压纵差
B. 中性点不平衡电流
C. 开口三角零序电压
D. 过流
【多选题】
跌落式熔断器一般可根据技术条件进行选择。___
A. 额定电压
B. 额定电流
C. 开断能力
D. 熔丝元件的安秒特性及动作时间
【多选题】
设备缺陷的分类为。___
A. 一般缺陷
B. 重大缺陷
C. 特别重大缺陷
D. 紧急缺陷
【多选题】
使用手提式干粉灭火器时，先打开喷嘴盖，拔出保险销，提起灭火器，然后一只手握住喷粉管，把喷嘴对准火焰根部，一只手按下压把，，注意不要使火焰窜回，以防复燃。___
A. 由远到近
B. 由近到远
C. 左右横扫
D. 迅速推进
【多选题】
对于高压用户，供电企业审核的用户受电工程设计文件和有关资料一般包括。___
A. 受电工程设计及说明书
B. 自备电源及接线方式
C. 用电功率因数计算及无功补偿方式
D. 负荷组成、性质及保安负荷
【多选题】
剩余电流动作保护器中RCD均有一根直接穿过检测元件且不能断开的中性线N。___
A. 单极二线
B. 两级
C. 两极三线
D. 三极四线
【多选题】
供电企业若对欠费客户停止供电时，须满足条件。___
A. 逾期欠费已超过30天
B. 经催交，在期限内仍未交纳
C. 停电前应按有关规定通知客户
D. 客户同意
【多选题】
扑救旋转电机的火灾时，应注意。___
A. 先断开电源
B. 扑救旋转电机的火灾时，为防止轴承变形，可使用喷雾水流均匀冷却，不得用大水流直接冲射
C. 另外可用二氧化碳、1211、干粉灭火器扑救
D. 严禁用黄砂扑救，以防进入设备内部损坏机芯
【多选题】
ZWG-12系列真空断路器由部分组成。___
A. 传动系统
B. 操动机构
C. 三相立柱
D. 隔离开关
【多选题】
停限电通知书的送达主要有以下几种方式。___
A. 直接送达
B. 留置送达
C. 公证送达
D. 口头送达
【多选题】
脚扣登杆的注意事项有。___
A. 使用前必须仔细检查脚扣各部分:有无断裂、腐朽现象，脚扣皮带是否结实，牢固，如有损坏，应及时更换，不得用绳子或电线代替
B. 一定要按电杆的规格，选择大小合适的脚扣，使之牢靠地扣住电杆
C. 穿脚扣时，脚扣带的松紧要适当，应防止脚扣在脚上转动或脱落且上、下杆的每一步都必须使脚扣与电杆之间完全扣牢，以防下滑及其它事故
D. 在登杆前，应对脚扣作人体载荷冲击试验，检查脚扣是否牢固
【多选题】
防止照明器具引发火灾的主要措施有。___
A. 让灯泡远离易燃物
B. 在易燃物场所必须使用防爆灯
C. 经常检查绝缘和清洁状况，防止短路起火
D. 在易燃物场所必须使用普通灯具
【多选题】
关于正序、负序和零序概念正确的有。___
A. 三相正弦量中A相比B相超前120°，B相比C相超前120°，C相比A相超前120°，即相序为A-B-C，这样的相序叫正序
B. 三相正弦量中A相比B相滞后120°，B相比C相滞后120°，C相比A相滞后120°，即相序为A-C-B，这样的相序叫负序
C. 三相正弦量A相比B相超前0°，B相比C相超前0°，C相比A相超前0°，即三者同相，这样的相序叫做零序
D. 三相正弦量中A相比B相超前90°，B相比C相超前90°，C相比A相超前90°，即三者同相，这样的相序叫做零序
【多选题】
电缆施工前了解熟悉下面哪些图纸资料。___
A. 电缆线路设计图
B. 电缆施工图
C. 电缆断面图
D. 电缆平面图
【多选题】
大工业用户的电费组成是。___
A. 基本电费
B. 电度电费
C. 变压器损耗
D. 功率因数调整电费
【多选题】
《国家电网公司电费抄核收管理规则》规定，对用的客户，应根据电费收缴风险程度，实行每月多次抄表，并按国家有关规定或合同约定实行预收或分次结算电费。___
A. 用电量较大的客户
B. 临时用电客户
C. 租赁经营客户
D. 交纳电费信用等级较差
【多选题】
国家电网公司“三公”调度指调度。___
【多选题】
在配电系统中三相负荷和单相负荷连接的原则是。___
A. 三相负荷的连接方式，分为星形和三角形两种，当负载的额定电压等于电源的相电压时，负荷应接成星形
B. 当额定电压等于电源的线电压时，应接成三角形
C. 对于单相负荷也是根据它的额定电压应等于电源电压的原则确定应接入相电压还是线电压
D. 单相负荷应尽量均匀地分配在三相上，使三相电源上分配的负荷尽量平衡
【多选题】
用电信息采集系统建设工作作业中现场调试包括：。___
A. 本地调试
B. 远端调试
C. 主站联调
D. 装置加封
【多选题】
刀开关的作用是。___
A. 隔离电压
B. 隔离电流
C. 保证作业人员安全
D. 形成明显绝缘断开点
【多选题】
自发电用户应注意的安全措施有。___
A. 自发电机组的中性点(TT、TN系统)要单独接地，接地电阻不大于4Ω，禁止利用供电部门线路上的接地装置接地
B. 自发电用户的线路严禁借用供电部门的线路杆塔，不准与供电部门的电杆同杆架设，不准与供电部门的线路交叉跨越，不准与公用电网合用接地装置和中性线
C. 与公用电网连接的地方小水电、小火电、小热电，除采取上述安全措施外，还必须执行其他有关的规定
D. 自发电用户，严禁擅自向其他用户转供电
【多选题】
吊装配电变压器的安全注意事项有。___
A. 吊放变压器之前，应对钢丝绳套进行外观检查，无断股、烧伤、挤压伤等明显缺陷，满足起重设备荷重要求
B. 吊放前，应对各个受力点进行检查，检查变压器是否已挂好
C. 检查变压器吊环有无裂纹
D. 吊放变压器及吊车转位时，吊臂下严禁有人逗留
【多选题】
收缩后的热收缩管表面应。___
A. 光滑
B. 平整
C. 无烫痕
D. 无褶皱
【多选题】
导线连接的基本要求有。___
A. 接触紧密，接头电阻不应大于同长度、同截面导线的电阻
B. 接头的机械强度不应小于该导线机械强度的80%
C. 接头处应耐腐蚀，防止受外界气体的侵蚀
D. 接头处的绝缘强度与该导线的绝缘强度应相同
【多选题】
扑灭电气火灾时应注意。___
A. 切断电源，火灾现场尚未停电时，应设法先切断电源
B. 防止触电，人身与带电体之间保持必要的安全距离，电压110kV及以下者不应小于3m，220kV及以上者不应小于5m
C. 发动周围的居民积极参与灭火救灾
D. 泡沫灭火器不宜用于带电灭火
【多选题】
不宜敷设地埋线的地区有。___
A. 白蚁聚居、鼠类活动频繁地区
B. 土壤中含有腐蚀塑料的物质
C. 岩石或碎石地区
D. 土壤坚硬地区
