7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?__答案

【单选题】

7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___

A. the second half of the seventeenth century

B. the second half of the eighteenth century

C. the second half of the nineteenth century

D. the second half of the twentieth century

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相关试题

【单选题】

8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___

A. study of clinical effect of drugs

B. study of the process of drugs in the body

C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body

D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure

查看答案解析

【单选题】

(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___

A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.

B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.

C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man

D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals

查看答案解析

【单选题】

(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___

A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease

B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects

C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites

D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics

查看答案解析

【单选题】

1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___

A. division

B. pieces

C. part

D. fragment

查看答案解析

【单选题】

2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___

A. solid

B. inert

C. soft

D. active

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【单选题】

3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___

A. induce complications

B. make easy

C. introduce complications

D. introduce easy

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【单选题】

4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___

A. combined

B. assembled

C. joined

D. assorted

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【单选题】

(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___

A. sending

B. transporting

C. delivering

D. giving

查看答案解析

【单选题】

(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___

A. determine

B. make sure

C. find

D. search

查看答案解析

【单选题】

(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___

A. count in

B. count on

C. depend on

D. rely on

查看答案解析

【单选题】

(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___

A. laboriously

B. hardly

C. easy

D. effectively

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【单选题】

(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___

A. strength

B. effect

C. potency

D. effort

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【单选题】

10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___

A. help

B. assist with

C. assist in

D. assist to

查看答案解析

【单选题】

(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___

A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics

B. manufacturing

C. physical pharmacy

D. biopharmaceutics

查看答案解析

【单选题】

（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___

A. discovery of novel drugs

B. analytical methods

C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process

D. dosing regimen

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【单选题】

(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___

A. absorption and distribution

B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion

C. metabolism and excretion

D. absorption and excretion

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【单选题】

(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___

A. total plasma drug concentration only

B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma

C. unbound drug concentration at the target site

D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose

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【单选题】

(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___

A. rate of absorption

B. rate and extent of distribution

C. rate ofeli Imination

D. all ofabove

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【单选题】

6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___

A. i.v.injection

B. i.v.infusion

C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral

D. None of above

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【单选题】

（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___

A. Food

B. Disease state

C. Route of administration

D. All of above

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【单选题】

(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___

A. Sk d dermis

B. Gastrointestinal epithelium

C. Oral mucosal membrane

D. All of above

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【单选题】

(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___

A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)

B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)

C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)

D. All ofabove

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【单选题】

(10)Which of the following statements is true?___

A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.

B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.

C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.

D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.

查看答案解析

【判断题】

Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.

A. 对

B. 错

查看答案解析

【判断题】

Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

（3） As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

(6)Toxicology deals not only with drugs used in therapy but also with many other chemicals that may be responsible for household, environmental, or industrial intoxication.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

1)With the more efficient screening tests and burgeoning knowledge about how a molecules biological activities are likely to be changed, the traditional approach of discovering new drugs has been improved.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

2)With the parallel synthesis used to identify which small segment of any given large protein would bind to an antibody, Mario Geysen generated a variety of short protein fragments by combining multiple amino acids in different permutations.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

)A parallel synthesis and a split-and-mix synthesis are different in that in a split-and-mix synthesis, all the products are assembled separately n their respective reaction vessels.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

4) In many laboratories, robots are used in the routine work of parallel synthesis to deliver small amounts of reactive molecules into appropriate wells, thus making the process more accurate and less tedious.

A. 对

B. 错

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【判断题】

5) In a parallel synthesis, each compound remains in its own container; while in a split-and-min synthesis, the related ce mpounds are mixed up in the same reaction vessel.

A. 对

B. 错

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A. 快速静脉滴注脱水剂

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B. 加压给氧

C. 立即气管插管

D. 保持呼吸道通畅，清除血块

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对肝性脑病烦躁不安的病人，可选用以下哪种药物___

A. 地西泮

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C. 吗啡

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E. 以上都不是

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59岁男性患者，常于餐后3～4h上腹部胀痛，进食后缓解。最近1周来中上腹部持续性胀痛，较以往严重，伴恶心，呕吐。今上午呕血1次后十分紧张，气促明显，测血压为13．7／9．6kPa。您认为该患者潜在性的护理问题是下列哪项___

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C. 克雷白杆菌

D. 肺炎球菌

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肝硬化发生呕血何故___

A. 合并胃溃疡

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孙先生，60岁。因"右腹股沟可复性肿块20年"入院，拟诊为"腹股沟疝"准备择期手术治疗，术前体检时，不能用来区别斜疝和直疝的情况是___

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A. 放置24h，抽出气囊气体后观察12h即可取出

B. 放置48h

C. 放置12h

D. 放置48～72h，抽出气囊气体后观察12h无出血即可取出

E. 以上均不对

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贫血症状的有无，主要视___

A. 发生的快慢

B. 出血的多少

C. 出血的部位

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E. 缺氧的程度

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肺结核患者咯血后发热持续不退，常提示___

A. 继续出血

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C. 合并其他感染

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患者老年男性，有长期吸烟史。近数月来人较消瘦，且有刺激性呛咳，咯白色粘痰，有时带少量血丝，经抗感染治疗无明显效果。听诊右肺中部有局限性哮鸣音。X线摄片见右肺肺门附近有规则肿块状阴影，无邻近转移现象。应首先采取下列哪项治疗措施___

A. 手术治疗

B. 放射治疗

C. 抗癌药物治疗

D. 免疫治疗

E. 中医中药治疗

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肾盂肾炎是由何种细菌引起___

A. 大肠杆菌

B. 链球菌

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D. 乙肝病毒

E. 军团菌

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某尿毒症病人，近日每天晨间出现恶心、呕吐护士应如何指导病人___

A. 睡前勿进食，勿饮水

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C. 睡前饮水1～2次

D. 晨间饮水1～2次

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Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭早期可出现___

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成人浸润型肺结核的感染途径是___

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C. 交替脉

D. 不整脉

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有机磷农药中毒给阿托品时应注意___

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D. 隔日1次

E. 每天1次

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消化性溃疡伴小量出血，一般应给予___

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系统性红斑狼疮治疗主药是___

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病人突然诉说头痛不适、心慌、胸闷，测量脉搏为45次／min，考虑可能为___

A. 早期心功能不全

B. 肺性脑病

C. 贫血

D. 房室传导阻滞

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吸烟对慢性胃炎的损伤主要是___

A. 幽门括约肌松弛胆汁反流

B. 直接刺激胃黏膜

C. 可致黏膜溃疡

D. 可致胃蠕动减慢

E. 可致幽门梗阻

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术前病人常见的心理问题为___

A. 焦虑

B. 抑郁

C. 谵妄

D. 愤怒

E. 激动

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纠正呼吸性酸中毒主要措施___

A. 静滴碱性药

B. 控制感染

C. 增加通气

D. 使用激素

E. 吸入高浓度氧

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患者女性，30岁。怕热、出汗易激动，食欲亢进但体重减轻，双眼球微突。最可能诊断为___

A. 神经官能症

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C. 甲亢

D. 糖尿病酮症酸中毒

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急性中毒临床表现有特定性，何故___

A. 病情急缓所致

B. 靶部位不同

C. 病情轻重所致

D. 年龄差别所致

E. 性别不同所致

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肝硬化呕血呈咖啡色，其原因是___

A. 呕前饮咖啡

B. 呕前食用巧克力

C. 呕前食用炸酱面

D. 吐血过多血变色

E. 遇胃酸变成酸化血红蛋白

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属于小细胞低色素性贫血的是___

A. 巨幼细胞性贫血

B. 再生障碍性贫血

C. 急性失血性贫血

D. 缺铁性贫血

E. 白血病

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73岁男性病人，COPD15年，肺心病5年，体质虚弱，近日来因上感大量脓痰不易咳出，神志恍惚，昏睡。护士为其清理呼吸道最适宜的护理措施是___

A. 指导有效咳嗽

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下列哪种叩诊音在正常人体中不出现___

A. 清音

B. 浊音

C. 鼓音

D. 过清音

E. 实音

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对于昏睡与昏迷的鉴别，最有价值的是___

A. 瞳孔对光反应正常否

B. 角膜反射存在与否

C. 膝腱反射是否消失

D. 能否看到吞咽动作

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与阻塞性黄疸检查结果不符的一项是___

A. 血清碱性磷酸酶显著增高

B. 血清总胆红素大于10μmol／L

C. 尿胆素阳性

D. 尿胆原增加

E. 粪色浅

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配制混合胰岛素时，必须先抽吸短效胰岛素是为了防止___

A. 发生中和反应

B. 加速胰岛素降解

C. 丧失短效胰岛素的速效特性

D. 降低鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素药效

E. 增加胰岛素的不良反应

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不符合心源性水肿的是___

A. 水肿从眼睑开始

B. 水肿呈凹陷性

C. 体循环淤血导致水肿

D. 水肿部位易发生溃烂

E. 摄入钠盐过多可加重水肿

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慢性腹泻者首要护理措施是___

A. 流质饮食

B. 多吃蔬菜

C. 减轻不适感

D. 多吃辛辣物

E. 多吃水果

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肺炎球菌性肺炎病人咳出痰液为___

A. 白色泡沫痰

B. 脓绿色

C. 铁锈样

D. 红色胶冻样

E. 脓痰放置后分三层

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【单选题】

低密度对比剂不能注入的部位是___

A. 直肠

B. 关节腔

C. 腹膜腔

D. 血管

E. 腹膜后间隙

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【单选题】

护理频繁呕吐伴晨起头痛加重的病人，突然意识不清，脉搏呼吸减慢，瞳孔也一大一小，应考虑的诊断为___

A. 癔病发作

B. 蛛网膜下腔出血

C. 脑疝形成

D. 高血压危象

E. 脑血栓形成

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【单选题】

超声诊断不能探测___

A. 病变性质

B. 病变原因

C. 病变大小

D. 病变的位置

E. 病变与周围组织的关系

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