相关试题
【单选题】
下列反射中属于条件反射的是___
A. 膝跳反射
B. 减压反射
C. 排尿反射
D. 望梅止渴
E. 吸吮反射
【单选题】
自身调节指组织、细胞在不依赖于神经或体液调节的情况下对刺激所产生的___
A. 适应性反应
B. 旁分泌反应
C. 稳态反应
D. 非自控调节
E. 前馈调节
【单选题】
在自动控制系统中,从受控部分发出到达控部分的信息称为___
A. 偏差信息
B. 干扰信息
C. 控制信息
D. 反馈信息
E. 自控信息
【单选题】
下列生理过程中，不属于正反馈调节的是___
A. 血液凝固
B. 排便反射
C. 血浆晶体渗透压升高时ADH释放增加
D. 排尿反射
E. 分娩反射
【单选题】
人体内O2、CO2、NH3进出细胞膜是通过___
A. 单纯扩散
B. 易化扩散
C. 主动转运
D. 入胞作用
E. 出胞作用
【单选题】
以下属于被动转运的是___
A. 易化扩散
B. 单纯扩散
C. 主动转运
D. 出胞和入胞
E. 单纯扩散和易化扩散
【单选题】
物质在膜蛋白质帮助下，顺浓度梯度或电位梯度通过细胞膜的过程是属于___
A. 单纯扩散
B. 易化扩散
C. 主动转运
D. 入胞
E. 出胞
【单选题】
参与细胞易化扩散的蛋白质是___
A. 受体蛋白
B. 通道蛋白
C. 泵蛋白
D. 载体蛋白
E. 载体蛋白和通道蛋白
【单选题】
与单纯扩散的特点比较，易化扩散不同的是：___
A. 顺浓度差转运
B. 不消耗生物能
C. 需要膜蛋白的帮助
D. 是水溶性物质跨膜转运的唯一方式
E. 是离子跨膜转运的唯一方式
【单选题】
离子被动跨膜转运的动力是：___
A. 电位梯度
B. 浓度梯度
C. 电-化学梯度
D. 钠泵供能
E. 自由运动
【单选题】
载体中介的易化扩散产生饱和现象的机理是___
A. 跨膜梯度降低
B. 载体数量减少
C. 能量不够
D. 载体数量所致的转运极限
E. 疲劳
【单选题】
氨基酸进入一般细胞的转运方式为：___
A. 易化扩散
B. 入胞
C. 单纯扩散
D. 吞噬
E. 主动转运
【单选题】
关于主动转运，错误的是：___
A. 又名泵转运
B. 依靠载体蛋白的协助
C. 逆浓度差或电势差进行
D. 消耗能量
E. 主要转运无机离子
【单选题】
在一般生理情况下，每分解一分子ATP，钠泵运转可使___
A. 2个Na+移出膜外
B. 2个K+移出膜外
C. 2个Na+移出膜外，同时有2个K+移入膜内
D. 3个Na+移出膜外，同时有2个K+移入膜内
E. 3个Na+移出膜外，同时有3个K+移入膜内
【单选题】
细胞膜内，外正常的Na+和K+浓度差的形成和维持是由___
A. 膜在安静时对K+通透性大
B. 膜在兴奋时对Na+通透性增加
C. Na+ 、K+易化扩散的结果
D. 膜上钠-钾泵的作用
E. 膜上ATP的作用
【单选题】
Na+ 跨膜转运的方式为:___
A. 单纯扩散
B. 易化扩散
C. 易化扩散和主动转运
D. 主动转运
E. 主动转运和单纯扩散
【单选题】
钠泵活动最重要的意义是：___
A. 维持细胞内高钾
B. 防止细胞肿胀
C. 建立势能储备
D. 消耗多余的 ATP
E. 维持细胞外高钙
【单选题】
肠上皮细胞由肠腔吸收葡萄糖属于___
A. 单纯扩散
B. 易化扩散
C. 原发性主动转运
D. 继发性主动转运
E. 入胞
【单选题】
消化腺分泌消化酶的过程是___
A. 单纯扩散
B. 易化扩散
C. 主动转运
D. 入胞
E. 出胞
【单选题】
当静息电位的数值向膜内负值加大的方向变化时，称作膜的：___
A. 极化
B. 去极化
C. 复极化
D. 反极化
E. 超极化
【单选题】
人工增加离体神经纤维浸浴液中的K＋浓度，静息电位的绝对值将：___
A. 不变
B. 增大
C. 减小
D. 先增大后减小
E. 先减小后增大
【单选题】
正常状态下，细胞内离子分布最多的是___
A. K+
B. Na+
C. Ca2+
D. Cl-
E. Na+和Cl-
【单选题】
安静状态下，细胞膜对其通透性最大的离子是___
A. K+
B. Cl-
C. Na+
D. Ca2+
E. Na+和Cl-
【单选题】
动作电位的“全或无”现象是指同一细胞的电位幅度___
A. 不受细胞外的Na+ 浓度影响
B. 不受细胞外的K+ 浓度影响
C. 与刺激强度和传导距离无关
D. 与静息电位值无关
E. 与Na+ 通道复活的量无关
【单选题】
沿单根神经纤维传导的动作电位的幅度：___
A. 不变
B. 不断减小
C. 不断增大
D. 先增大后减小
E. 不规则变化
【单选题】
产生动作电位下降相的离子流是___
A. K+外流
B. Cl-内流
C. Na+内流
D. Ca2+内流
E. Na+和Cl-
【单选题】
人工地减少细胞浸浴液中Na+ 浓度，则单根神经纤维动作电位的超射值将___
A. 增大
B. 减少
C. 不变
D. 先增大后减少
E. 先减少后减少
【单选题】
神经纤维Na+通道失活的时间在___
A. 动作电位的上升相
B. 动作电位的下降相
C. 动作电位超射时
D. 绝对不应期
E. 相对不应期
【单选题】
静息时细胞膜内外的Na+和K+浓度差的维持有赖于___
A. 膜上ATP的作用
B. 膜上Na-K泵的作用
C. Na-K易化扩散的结果
D. Na-K交换
E. 膜对Na和K的单纯扩散
【单选题】
神经细胞动作电位的去极相中，通透性最大的离子是：___
A. K＋
B. Na+
C. Cl-
D. Ca2+E、Mg2+
【单选题】
阈电位时，通透性突然增大的离子是___
A. K+
B. Na+
C. Ca2+
D. Cl-
E. Na+和Cl-
【单选题】
阈电位是：___
A. 引起动作电位的临界膜电位
B. 引起超极化时的临界膜电位
C. 引起局部电位的临界膜电位
D. 引起动作电位复极的临界膜电位
E. 衡量兴奋性高低的指标
【单选题】
刺激阈值通常指的是：___
A. 用最小刺激强度，刚刚引起组织兴奋的最短作用时间
B. 保持一定的刺激强度不变，能引起组织兴奋的最适作用时间
C. 保持一定的刺激时间和强度—时间变化率不变，引起组织发生兴奋的最小刺激强度
D. 刺激时间不限，能引起组织兴奋的最适刺激强度
E. 刺激时间不限，能引起组织最大兴奋的最小刺激强度
【单选题】
关于局部兴奋的叙述，错误的是：___
A. 局部电位随刺激强度增加而增大
B. 局部电位随扩布距离增大而减小
C. 局部去极化电位的区域兴奋性增高
D. 不存在时间与空间的总和
E. 它是动作电位形成的基础
【单选题】
神经纤维峰电位时期约相当于___
A. 绝对不应期
B. 相对不应期
C. 超常期
D. 低常期
E. 正常期
【单选题】
能引起动作电位，但幅度最小，这种情况见于：___
A. 绝对不应期
B. 相对不应期
C. 超常期
D. 低常期
E. 正常期
【单选题】
神经纤维中相邻两个锋电位的时间间隔至少应大于其：___
A. 相对不应期
B. 绝对不应期
C. 超常期
D. 低常期
E. 绝对不应期＋相对不应期
【单选题】
神经细胞在接受一次阈上刺激后，兴奋性周期变化的顺序是：___
A. 相对不应期、绝对不应期、超常期、低常期
B. 绝对不应期、相对不应期、低常期、超常期
C. 绝对不应期、低常期、相对不应期、超常期
D. 绝对不应期、相对不应期、超常期、低常期
E. 绝对不应期、超常期、低常期、相对不应期
【单选题】
下列有关同一细胞兴奋传导的叙述，错误的是:___
A. 动作电位可沿细胞膜传导到整个细胞
B. 传导方式是通过产生局部电流刺激未兴奋部位，使之也出现动作电位
C. 在有髓纤维是跳跃式传导
D. 有髓纤维传导动作电位的速度比无髓纤维快
E. 动作电位的幅度随传导距离增加而减小
【单选题】
终板膜上的受体是：___
A. 肾上腺素能受体
B. 5-羟色胺受体
C. ACh受体
D. 多巴胺受体E、组胺受体
推荐试题
【单选题】
The underlined word "compassion" in Para 2 is the closest in meaning to __________.___
A. support
B. pity
C. help
D. love
【单选题】
People may break the law in Turin if they ________.___
A. keep their dogs or cats in cars
B. shut their dogs home all day long
C. raise their cats near ancient ruins
D. feed homeless animals in car parks
【单选题】
We can infer from the passage that _________.___
A. the owners can leave their dogs in hot cars
B. the cat only lives in modern life
C. the new law can prevent cruelty to animals
D. the new law gives recognition to the
people who feed homeless cat
【单选题】
If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.___
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
【单选题】
Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?___
A. Unawareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
【单选题】
If one wants to work efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should __________.___
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
【单选题】
You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will __________.___
A. help to keep your energy for the day's work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
【单选题】
Which of the following statements is NOT true?___
A. Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.
B. Dr. Kletman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C. Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.
D. Children have energy cycles, too.
【单选题】
An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is __________.___
A. to increase their sense of success
B. to make sports less competitive
C. to reduce their mental stress
D. to make sports more challenging
【单选题】
According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that __________.___
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences
【单选题】
Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes __________.___
A. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B. in order to make them remember life's lessons
C. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D. so as to put more pressure on them
【单选题】
According to the passage parents and coaches should __________.___
A. help children to win every game
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. train children to cope with stress
D. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
【单选题】
The author's purpose in writing the passage is _________.___
A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
【单选题】
As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution _______.___
A. cause widespread damage in the countryside
B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C. had damaged effect on health
D. existed merely in urban and industries areas
【单选题】
As to the greenhouse effect, the author ________.___
A. share the same view with the scientist
B. is uncertain of its occurrence
C. rejects it as being ungrounded
D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon
【单选题】
The underlined word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by _________.___
A. slip into
B. make up for
C. set up
D. catch up with
【单选题】
It can be concluded that ____________.___
A. raising the world's temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B. lowering the world's temperature merely a few degrees would lead major farming areas to disaster
C. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D. the world's temperature will remain constant in the years to come
【单选题】
This passage is primarily about __________.___
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the burning of fossil fuels
C. the potential effect of air pollution
D. the likelihood of a new ice age
【单选题】
What is the major function of paragraph 1?___
A. To arouse the reader's concern.
B. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
C. To summarize the whole passage.
D. To state the primary uses of TV.
【单选题】
Television, as a source of entertainment, is ________.___
A. not very convenient
B. very expensive
C. quite dangerous
D. relatively cheap
【单选题】
Why are some people against TV?___
A. Because TV programs are not interesting.
B. Because TV viewers are totally passive.
C. Because TV prices are very high.
D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages.
【单选题】
One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that _________.___
A. it keeps us informed
B. it is very cheap
C. it enables us to have a rest
D. it controls our lives
【单选题】
According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on ___________.___
A. its quality
B. people's attitude towards it
C. how we use it
D. when we use it
【单选题】
What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?___
A. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.
B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.
C. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.
D. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.
【单选题】
The returned plastic bottles in New York used to _____________.___
A. be turned into raw materials
B. be separated from other rubbish
C. have a second-life value
D. end up somewhere underground
【单选题】
The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ______________.___
A. how to reduce their recycling costs
B. to sell them at a profitable price
C. how to turn them into useful things
D. to lower the prices for used materials
【单选题】
Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because ______________.___
A. recycling causes little pollution
B. other methods are more expensive
C. recycling has great appeal for the jobless
D. local governments find it easy to manage
【单选题】
It can be concluded from the passage that ____________.___
A. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally
B. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recycling
C. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials
D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal
【单选题】
The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ________.___
A. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
B. wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
C. intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
D. wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
【单选题】
According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can __________.___
A. broaden their horizons
B. receive guidance in their careers
C. become noble idealists
D. balance engineering and the liberal arts
【单选题】
In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected ______________.___
A. to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
B. to be a technical genius with a wide vision
C. to have an excellent academic record
D. to be wise and mature
【单选题】
The author's experience shows that he was ________.___
A. creative
B. ambitious
C. irrational
D. unrealistic
【单选题】
The underlined word "they" in "... together they threaten to confuse." (Para.5) refers to ____________.___
A. practicality and rationality
B. engineering and the liberal arts
C. reality and noble ideals
D. flexibility and a value system
【单选题】
It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas' house __________.___
A. failed to meet energy conservation standards
B. was designed and constructed in a scientific way
C. is well worth the money spent on its construction
D. is almost faultless from the point of energy conservation
【单选题】
What made the Ouchidas' new house a horrible dream?___
A. Lack of fresh air.
B. Gas leakage in the kitchen.
C. The newly painted walls.
D. Poor quality of building materials.
【单选题】
The underlined word "accentuate" (Para. 3) most probably means "________".___
A. worsen
B. accelerate
C. relieve
D. improve
【单选题】
Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?___
A. Because environmental protection was given top priority.
B. Because indoor cleanness was not emphasized.
C. Because they were technically unavoidable.
D. Because energy used to be inexpensive.
【单选题】
This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled "_________".___
A. Energy Conservation
B. Air Pollution Indoors
C. House Building Crisis
D. Traps in Building Construction
【单选题】
We need to plan ahead in order to ___________.___
A. keep a record of all the events
B. better organize our activities
C. store everything in our head
D. pile up little tasks neatly
【单选题】
Strategic times are best for us to ___________.___
A. save energy
B. check e-mails
C. study efficiently
D. organize activities
