【多选题】
脚手架底部的构造要求是___。
A. 每根立杆底端应设底座或垫板,且应设纵向、横向扫地杆
B. 纵向扫地杆距底座上皮不大于200mm,并采用直角扣件与立杆固定
C. 纵向扫地杆距底座上皮不大于1000mm,并采用直角扣件与立杆固定
D. 横向扫地杆应采用直角扣件固定在紧靠纵向扫地杆下方的立杆上
E. 横向扫地杆设在距底面上0.8m处
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相关试题
【多选题】
连墙件设置要求有___。
A. 偏离主节点的距离不应大于300mm
B. 偏离主节点的距离不应大于600mm
C. 宜靠近主节点设置
D. 应从脚手架底层第一步纵向水平杆处开始设置
E. 应在脚手架底层第二步纵向水平杆处开始设置
【多选题】
纵向水平杆(大横杆)的接头可以搭接或对接。搭接时有以下具体要求___。
A. 搭接长度不应小于lm
B. 应等间距设置3个旋转扣件固定
C. 端部扣件盖板边缘至搭接杆端的距离不应小于500mm
D. 端部扣件盖板边缘至搭接杆端的距离不应小于100mm
E. 搭接长度应为0.5m
【多选题】
横向斜撑设置有如下规定___。
A. 一字形、开口形双排脚手架的两端必须设置横向斜撑
B. 高度24m以上的封圈形双排架除在拐角处设置外,中间应每隔6跨设置一道
C. 高度在24m以下的封圈形双排架可不设置
D. 高度在24m以下的封圈形双排架应在拐角处设置
E. 高度在24m以上的封圈形双排架仅需要在拐角处设置
【多选题】
连墙件的数量、间距设置应满足以下要求___。
A. 计算要求
B. 最大竖向、水平向间距要求
C. 每一连墙件覆盖的最小面积要求
D. 每一连墙件覆盖的最大面积要求
E. 没有覆盖面积的要求
【多选题】
在脚手架使用期间,严禁拆除___。
A. 主节点处的纵向横向水平杆
B. 非施工层上,非主节点处的横向水平杆
C. 连墙件
D. 纵横向扫地杆
E. 非作业层上的走道板
【多选题】
纵向水平杆的对接接头应交错布置,具体要求是___。
A. 两个相邻接头不宜设在同步、同跨内
B. 各接头中心至最近主节点的距离不宜大于纵距的1/3
C. 各接头中心至最近主节点的距离不宜大于纵距的1/2
D. 不同步、不同跨的两相邻接头水平向错开距离不应小于500mm
E. 不同步、不同跨的两相邻接头水平向可在同一个平面上
【多选题】
脚手架作业层上的栏杆及挡脚板的设置要求为___。
A. 栏杆和挡脚板均应搭设在外立杆的内侧
B. 上栏杆上皮高度应为1.2m
C. 挡脚板高度不应小于120m
D. 挡脚板高度不应小于180m
E. 可以不设挡脚板
【多选题】
临边防护栏杆的上杆应符合下列哪些规定?___
A. 离地高度1.0~1.2m
B. 离地高度0.5~0.6m
C. 承受外力3000N
D. 承受外力2000N
E. 承受外力1000N
【多选题】
攀登和悬空高处作业人员以及搭设高处作业安全设施的人员必须经过___合格,持证上岗。
A. 专业考试合格
B. 体格检查
C. 专业技术培训
D. 思想教育
E. 技术教育
【多选题】
施工中对高处作业的安全技术设施发现有缺陷和隐患时,应当如何处置?___
A. 发出整改通知单
B. 必须及时解决
C. 悬挂安全警告标志
D. 危及人身安全时,必须停止作业
E. 追究原因
【多选题】
雨天和雪天进行高处作业时,必须采取___措施。
A. 防滑
B. 防风
C. 防冻
D. 防寒
E. 防火
【多选题】
暴风雪及台风、暴雨后,应对高处作业安全设施逐一加以检查,发现有何种现象应立即修理完善?___
A. 违章
B. 松动
C. 变形
D. 损坏
E. 脱落
【多选题】
防护棚搭设与拆除应符合___规定。
A. 严禁上下同时拆除
B. 设防护栏杆
C. 设警戒区
D. 派专人监护
E. 立告示牌
【多选题】
遇有六级以上强风、浓雾等恶劣气候,不得进行何种作业?___
A. 悬空高处作业
B. 高处作业
C. 露天作业
D. 露天攀登
E. 电工作业
【多选题】
高处作业中的___必须在施工前进行检查,确认其完好,方可投入使用。
A. 安全标志
B. 工具
C. 仪表
D. 电器设施
E. 各种设备
【多选题】
进行高处作业前,应逐级进行安全技术教育及交底,落实所有___。
A. 安全思想教育
B. 安全技术
C. 技术交底
D. 安全技术措施
E. 人身防护用品
【多选题】
下列关于毛竹临边防护栏杆的规定,哪些是正确的?___
A. 毛竹横杆小头有效直径不应小于70mm
B. 栏杆柱小头直径不应小于60mm
C. 使用不小于16号的镀锌钢丝绑扎
D. 毛竹横杆小头有效直径不应小于80mm
E. 栏杆柱小头直径不应小于80mm
【多选题】
垂直运输接料平台应设置下列哪些设施?___
A. 两侧设防护栏杆
B. 平台口设置活动防护栏杆
C. 平台口设防护立网
D. 平台口设置安全门
E. 平台口设置固定防护栏杆
【多选题】
安全防护设施的验收,主要包括哪些内容?___
A. 所有临边、洞口等各类技术措施的设置状况
B. 技术措施所用的配件、材料和工具的规格和材质
C. 技术措施的节点构造及其与建筑物的固定情况
D. 扣件和连接件的紧固程度
E. 安全防护设施的用品及设备的性能与质量合格的验证
【多选题】
下列关于原木临边防护栏杆的规定,哪些是正确的?___
A. 原木横杆的上杆梢径不应小于65mm
B. 栏杆柱梢径不应小于75mm
C. 使用不小于12号的镀锌钢丝绑扎
D. 原木横杆的上杆梢径不应小于70mm
E. 栏杆柱梢径不应小于70mm
【多选题】
下列关于钢筋临边防护栏杆的规定,哪些是正确的?___
A. 钢筋横杆上杆的直径不应小于16mm
B. 下杆直径不应小于14mm
C. 栏杆柱直径不应小于18mm
D. 采用电焊或镀锌钢丝绑扎固定
E. 栏杆柱直径不应小于20mm
【多选题】
悬空作业应有牢靠的立足处,并必须视具体情况配置___或其他安全设施。
A. 立网
B. 栏杆
C. 防护栏网
D. 安全警告标志
E. 安全钢丝绳
【多选题】
下列关于钢管临边防护栏杆的规定,哪些是正确的?___
A. 钢管横杆采用φ48×(2.75~3.5)mm的管材
B. 采用电焊固定
C. 栏杆柱采用φ48×(2.75~3.5)mm的管材
D. 采用镀锌钢丝绑扎固定
E. 采用扣件固定
【多选题】
下列关于临边防护栏杆的规定,哪些是正确的?___
A. 防护栏杆应由上、下两道横杆及栏杆柱组成
B. 上杆离地高度为1.5~1.8m
C. 下杆离地高度为0.5~0.6m
D. 上杆离地高度为1.0~1.2m
E. 下杆离地高度为0.6~0.8m
【多选题】
下列关于坡度大于1:2.2的屋面临边防护栏杆的设置,哪些是正确的?___
A. 自上而下使用密目式安全网封闭
B. 上杆离地高度为1.5m
C. 下杆离地高度为0.4~0.6m
D. 上杆离地高度为1.0~1.2m
E. 下杆离地高度为0.6~0.8m
【多选题】
进行交叉作业,___严禁堆放任何拆下物件。
A. 基坑内
B. 楼层边口
C. 脚手架边缘
D. 电梯井口
E. 通道口
【多选题】
下列对落地的竖向洞口的防护措施哪些是正确的?___
A. 加装开关式的安全门
B. 加装工具式的安全门
C. 使用防护栏杆,下设挡脚板
D. 使用密目式安全网封闭
E. 加装固定式的安全门
【多选题】
下列对固定式直爬梯的设置哪些是正确的?___
A. 使用金属材料制作
B. 梯宽不大于50mm
C. 支撑采用不大于L70×5的角钢
D. 梯宽不小于50mm
E. 支撑采用不小于L70×5的角钢
【多选题】
进行模板支撑和拆卸时的悬空作业,下列哪些规定是正确的?___
A. 严禁在连接件和支撑上攀登上下
B. 严禁在上下同一垂直面上装、拆模板
C. 支设临空构筑物模板时,应搭设支架或脚手架
D. 模板上留有预留洞时,应在安装后将洞口覆盖
E. 拆模的高处作业,应配置登高用具或搭设支架
【多选题】
安全防护设施验收应具备哪些资料?___
A. 施工组织设计及有关验算数据
B. 安全防护设施验收记录
C. 搭设人员完工验收记录
D. 安全防护设施变更记录及签证
E. 安全防护设施交底记录
【多选题】
在下列哪些部位进行高处作业必须设置防护栏杆?___
A. 基坑周边
B. 雨篷边
C. 挑檐边
D. 无外脚手架的屋面与楼层周边
E. 料台与挑平台周边
【多选题】
当临边栏杆所处位置有发生人群拥挤可能时,应采取何种措施?___
A. 设置双横杆
B. 加密栏杆柱距
C. 加大横杆截面
D. 加设密目式安全网
E. 增设挡脚板
【多选题】
板与墙的洞口必须设置下列哪些防护设施或其他防坠落的防护设施?___
A. 警戒区
B. 牢固的盖板
C. 防护栏杆
D. 安全网
E. 警戒线
【多选题】
下列哪些是密目式安全网进行贯穿实验的要点?___
A. 将密目式安全网张好绑扎在实验架上与地面成45°的夹角
B. 将10kg重的φ48×3.5的钢管放置在其中心点上方3m处
C. 使钢管垂直自由落下
D. 将密目式安全网张好绑扎在实验架上与地面成30°的夹角
E. 将5kg重的φ48×3.5的钢管放置在其中心点上方3m处
【多选题】
建筑施工中通常所说的“三宝”是指哪些?___
A. 安全带
B. 安全锁
C. 安全鞋
D. 安全网
E. 安全帽
【多选题】
下列哪些材料可作为制作安全帽的材料?___
A. 塑料
B. 竹
C. 木
D. 藤
E. 玻璃钢
【多选题】
安全网主要由哪几部分组成?___
A. 网体
B. 边绳
C. 系绳
D. 筋绳
E. 包装绳
【多选题】
架空线路可以架设在___上。
A. 木杆
B. 钢筋混凝土杆
C. 树木
D. 脚手架
E. 高大机械
【多选题】
电缆线路可以___敷设。
A. 沿地面
B. 埋地
C. 沿围墙
D. 沿电杆或支架
E. 沿脚手架
【多选题】
室内绝缘导线配电线路可采用___敷设。
A. 嵌绝缘槽
B. 穿塑料管
C. 沿钢索
D. 直埋墙
E. 直埋地
推荐试题
【单选题】
“肯定和否定相互渗透,在一定意义上,肯定就是否定。”这是一种___
A. 相对主义诡辩论的观点
B. 唯物辩证法的观点
C. 主观唯心主义的观点
D. 形而上学的观点
【单选题】
事物的否定方面是指___
A. 事物的积极方面
B. 事物的消极方面
C. 事物中维持其存在的方面
D. 事物中促使其灭亡的方面
【单选题】
作为辩证的否定的“扬弃”是___
A. 既保留又继承
B. 彻底抛弃
C. 既克服又保留
D. 矛盾的调和
【单选题】
辩证的否定是事物发展的环节,因为辩证的否定___
A. 把旧事物完全抛弃
B. 使旧事物发生量变
C. 是新事物产生、旧事物灭亡
D. 是从外部强加给事物的
【单选题】
否定之否定规律___
A. 在事物完成一个发展周期时才能完整地表现出来
B. 在事物发展过程中任何一点上都可以表现出来
C. 在事物经过量变和质变两种状态后表现出来
D. 在事物发展过程中经过肯定和否定两个阶段表现出来
【单选题】
事物发展的周期性体现了___
A. 事物发展的直线性与曲折性的统一
B. 事物发展是一个不断地回到出发点的运动
C. 事物发展的周而复始的循环性
D. 事物发展的前进性和曲折性的统一
【单选题】
直线论的错误在于只看到___
A. 事物发展的周期性而否认了前进性
B. 事物发展的前进性而否认了曲折性
C. 事物发展的间接性而否认了连续性
D. 事物发展的曲折性而否认了周期性
【单选题】
循环论的错误在于___
A. 只看到事物发展的普遍性,没有看到事物发展过程的特殊性
B. 只看到事物的绝对运动,没有看到事物的相对静止
C. 只看到事物发展道路的曲折性,没有看到事物发展趋势的前进性
D. 只看到新旧事物之间的连续性,没有看到新旧事物之间的间断性
【单选题】
对立统一规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋向
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的实质和核心是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展的规律
【单选题】
辩证法所说的矛盾是指___
A. 人们思维中的前后不一的自相矛盾
B. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的对立统一
C. 对立面之间的相互排斥
D. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的相互依赖
【单选题】
矛盾的基本属性是___
A. 普遍性和特殊性
B. 绝对性和相对性
C. 变动性和稳定性
D. 斗争性和同一性
【单选题】
依据是___
A. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性辩证关系的原理
B. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性辩证关系的原理
C. 事物发展的量变和质变辩证关系的原理
D. 事物发展的内因和外因辩证关系的原理
【单选题】
矛盾问题的精髓是___
A. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系的问题
B. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性关系的问题
C. 主要矛盾和次要矛盾关系的问题
D. 矛盾的主要方面和次要方面关系的问题
【单选题】
题的方法都是___
A. 重点论
B. 均衡论
C. 一点论
D. 两点论
【单选题】
“任何个别(无论怎样)都是一般”。这句话的正确含义是___
A. 特殊性就是普遍性
B. 特殊性存在于普遍性之中
C. 普遍性是特殊性的总和
D. 特殊性中包含普遍性
【单选题】
在唯物辩证法看来,水果同苹果、梨、香蕉、桔子等的关系是___
A. 共性和个性的关系
B. 整体和部分的关系
C. 本质和现象的关系
D. 内容和形式的关系
【单选题】
“是就是是,不是就是不是,除此之外都是鬼话。”这是一种___
A. 形而上学的观点
B. 相对主义的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 辩证法的观点
【单选题】
真象和假象的区别在于___
A. 真象是客观的,假象是主观的
B. 真象表现本质,假象不表现本质
C. 真象深藏于事物内部,假象外露于事物外部
D. 真象从正面直接地表现本质,假象从反面歪曲地表现本质
【单选题】
有的哲学家说,在大风扬起的尘土中,每一粒尘土的运动状况都是纯粹必然的。这是种___
A. 辩证唯物主义决定论的观点
B. 形而上学的机械决定论的观点
C. 唯心主义非决定论的观点
D. 庸俗唯物主义的观点
【单选题】
“或然率”是指___
A. 可能性在质上的一种科学说明和测定
B. 可能性在量上的一种科学说明和测定
C. 必然性的一种科学说明和判定
D. 偶然性的一种科学说明和测定
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?___
A. It is based on questionable statistics.
B. It reflects the economic changes.
C. It evidences the improved welfare.
D. It provides much food for thought.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B. It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C. It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.
D. It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.
【单选题】
大学生的成才目标是___。
A. 培养德智体美全面发展的人才
B. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者
C. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
D. 培养专业化、创新化的人才
【单选题】
世界政治格局发展的必然趋势是___。
A. “多极化”
B. 单边主义
C. 两极格局形成
D. 一超独霸
【单选题】
在全面发展的教育中德、智、体、美是缺一不可,统一存在的,其中处于主导地位的是___。
【单选题】
时代精神的内涵十分丰富,其中___居于核心地位。
A. 艰苦奋斗
B. 自强不息
C. 团结统一
D. 改革创新
【单选题】
民族精神是一个民族赖以生存和发展的精神支撑。中华民族在五千年的发展中所形成的伟大民族精神的核心是___。
A. 爱国主义
B. 人道主义
C. 科学主义
D. 革命英雄主义
【单选题】
下列名言反映中华民族是一个艰苦奋斗的民族的有___。
A. 艰难困苦,玉汝于成
B. 先天下之忧而忧
C. 生于忧患,死于安乐
D. 民无信不立
【单选题】
10。___是我们立党立国的根本指导思想
A. 马克思主义
B. 社会主义荣辱观
C. 社会主义思想道德
D. 爱国主义11. 当代大学生的历史使命是(A)
【单选题】
衡量大学生全面发展的一个重要标准是___
A. 知识渊博
B. 品质高尚
C. 德才兼备
D. 知行统一
【单选题】
独立生活意识指___
A. 自己的事情自己处理不需要别人管
B. 自己想干什么就干什么
C. 树立自信、自律、自立、自强的精神
D. 天马行空独来独往
【单选题】
___作为社会主义核心价值体系的精髓,解决的是应当具备什么样的精神状态和精神风貌的问题。
A. 马克思主义的指导地位
B. 中国特色社会主义的共同理想
C. 民族精神和时代精神
D. 社会主义荣辱观