【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
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相关试题
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.
【单选题】
大学生的成才目标是___。
A. 培养德智体美全面发展的人才
B. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者
C. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
D. 培养专业化、创新化的人才
【单选题】
世界政治格局发展的必然趋势是___。
A. “多极化”
B. 单边主义
C. 两极格局形成
D. 一超独霸
【单选题】
在全面发展的教育中德、智、体、美是缺一不可,统一存在的,其中处于主导地位的是___。
【单选题】
时代精神的内涵十分丰富,其中___居于核心地位。
A. 艰苦奋斗
B. 自强不息
C. 团结统一
D. 改革创新
【单选题】
民族精神是一个民族赖以生存和发展的精神支撑。中华民族在五千年的发展中所形成的伟大民族精神的核心是___。
A. 爱国主义
B. 人道主义
C. 科学主义
D. 革命英雄主义
【单选题】
下列名言反映中华民族是一个艰苦奋斗的民族的有___。
A. 艰难困苦,玉汝于成
B. 先天下之忧而忧
C. 生于忧患,死于安乐
D. 民无信不立
【单选题】
10。___是我们立党立国的根本指导思想
A. 马克思主义
B. 社会主义荣辱观
C. 社会主义思想道德
D. 爱国主义11. 当代大学生的历史使命是(A)
【单选题】
衡量大学生全面发展的一个重要标准是___
A. 知识渊博
B. 品质高尚
C. 德才兼备
D. 知行统一
【单选题】
独立生活意识指___
A. 自己的事情自己处理不需要别人管
B. 自己想干什么就干什么
C. 树立自信、自律、自立、自强的精神
D. 天马行空独来独往
【单选题】
___作为社会主义核心价值体系的精髓,解决的是应当具备什么样的精神状态和精神风貌的问题。
A. 马克思主义的指导地位
B. 中国特色社会主义的共同理想
C. 民族精神和时代精神
D. 社会主义荣辱观
【单选题】
人们对生活在其中的世界及人与世界的关系的总的看法和根本观点就是___
A. 世界观
B. 人生观
C. 价值观
D. 历史观
【单选题】
人生观的核心是___
A. 人生意义
B. 人生目的
C. 人生态度
D. 人生价值
【单选题】
人的本质属性是___
A. 自然属性
B. 自私自利
C. 社会属性
D. 趋利避害
【单选题】
社会主义社会人生价值标准是___
A. 是否拥有金钱财富
B. 自我价值实现的程度
C. 宗教信仰是否虔诚
D. 是否为人民群众尽心尽力服务
【单选题】
回答人为什么活着___
A. 人生态度
B. 人生目的
C. 人生价值
D. 人生意义
【单选题】
表明人应当怎样对待生活___
A. 人生态度
B. 人生目的
C. 人生价值
D. 人生意义
【单选题】
判别什么样的人生才有意义___
A. 人生态度
B. 人生目的
C. 人生价值
D. 价值取向
【单选题】
下列人生态度中正确的是___
A. 认真务实
B. 看破红尘
C. 悲观消沉
D. 满足于现状
【单选题】
下列属于正确的人生目的的是___
A. 追求享乐
B. 为人民服务
C. 追求金钱
D. 追求个人利益
【单选题】
___认为,金钱可以主宰一切.
A. 享乐主义人生观
B. 拜金主义人生观
C. 功利主义人生观
D. 个人主义人生观
【单选题】
___ 认为,社会和他人是达到个人目的的手段。
A. 享乐主义人生观
B. 拜金主义人生观
C. 功利主义人生观
D. 个人主义人生观
【单选题】
___认为,人生的全部内容就在于满足感官的需求与快乐。
A. 享乐主义人生观
B. 拜金主义人生观
C. 功利主义人生观
D. 个人主义人生观
【单选题】
马克思对于人的本质的论断确立与___
A. 《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》
B. 《共产党宣言》
C. 《劳动在才从猿到人转变过程中的作用》D《论黑格尔哲学》
【单选题】
人与自然关系的实质是___
A. 人与人的关系,是社会关系
B. 人对于自然的利用和占有
C. 自然必须服务于人类社会的发展
D. 人与物的占有与被占有的关系
【单选题】
在社会交往和公共生活中公民应该遵守的道德准则是___
A. 职业道德
B. 道德
C. 社会公德
D. 家庭美德
【单选题】
社会公德最基本的要求是___
A. 文明礼貌
B. 遵纪守法
C. 保护环境
D. 助人为乐
【单选题】
通过其规定和实施,影响人们思想,培养和提高人们法律意识,引导人们依法行为的作用是法律的___
A. 指引作用
B. 预测作用
C. 评价作用
D. 教育作用
【单选题】
有序的公共生活是构建和谐社会的___
A. 重要条件
B. 重要作用
C. 重要标志
D. 重要原则
【单选题】
一行人在过路口时迎面遇到红灯,看到近处没有车辆便径直通过。他这样做是___
A. 节省时间之举
B. 聪明灵活之举
C. 可供学习之举
D. 不遵守交通规则,违反社会公德之举
【单选题】
任何一个社会成员,无论具有何种身份、职业和地位,都必须在公共生活中遵守社会公德。这体现了社会公德具有的___特点。
A. 继承性
B. 基础性
C. 广泛性
D. 简明性
【单选题】
影响公共生活、公共秩序、文明礼貌、清洁卫生以及其他影响社会生活的最主要行为规范是___
A. 社会公德
B. 家庭道德
C. 职业道德
D. 个人道德
【单选题】
《公民道德建设实施纲要》明确指出,社会公德涵盖了___
A. 人与人之间的关系
B. 人与社会之间的关系
C. 人与自然之间的关系
D. 人与人、人与社会、人与自然之间的关系
【单选题】
为调整和规范人类社会生活三大领域,相应分别形成了___
A. 生活道德、职业道德、家庭道德
B. 生活道德、职业道德、社会公德
C. 社会公德、生活道德、职业道德
D. 社会公德、职业道德、家庭道德
【单选题】
公共生活中的道德和___所追求的目标是一致的,都是通过规范人们的行为来维护公共生活中的秩序,实现社会稳定和经济发展。
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【单选题】
一位长期接受治疗的心力衰竭患者,再次出现乏力.腹胀.心慌等症状,心率120次/分,心电图见明显U波,正确的处理措施是___
A. 加大洋地黄用量
B. 立即停用洋地黄
C. 静脉滴注碳酸氢钠
D. 补充氯化钾
E. 肌注硫酸镁
【单选题】
患者,男性,70岁,慢性肺源性心脏病晚期,经吸氧.抗感染.利尿及洋地黄类药物治疗后,呼吸困难减轻,但出现昼睡夜醒,恍惚多言。您认为最可能的是___
A. 肺性脑病
B. 洋地黄中毒
C. 并发神经官能症
D. 痰液堵塞
E. 并发脑卒中(脑血管意外)
【单选题】
监护心脏患者时,突见患者突意识全无,荧光屏上突然出现完全不规则的波浪曲线,而看不到QRS波与T波,对此作以下判断中哪一项是不对的___
A. 患者发生室颤,为最严重的心律失常
B. 立即静脉推注利多卡因60mg
C. 可施行电极除颤
D. 应立即作胸外心脏按压和口对口人工呼吸
E. 患者发生猝死,无需再做抢救
【单选题】
经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)后,拔除血管导管鞘的正确护理措施是___
A. 至少保留24~48小时后方可拔除
B. 拔除前应停用肝素至少8~12小时
C. 拔除后须局部压迫止血15~20分钟
D. 止血后扎压力绷带,沙袋压迫1小时
E. 拔除后平卧2小时方可下地活动
【单选题】
一般心绞痛的心电图必能见到___
A. 深而宽的Q波
B. S-T段持续性抬高
C. T波增宽
D. S-T段压低
E. T波高耸
【单选题】
胸外按压的部位是___
A. 心前区
B. 心尖区
C. 胸骨柄
D. 胸骨角与锁骨中线交汇处的心前区
E. 剑突上方二横指的胸骨正中部位
【单选题】
某风湿性心脏病患者,心功能IV级,24小时尿量380ml,对该患者的治疗护理中应慎重的措施是___
A. 半卧位休息
B. 吸氧
C. 应用强心剂
D. 应用安体舒通
E. 应用血管扩张剂
【单选题】
某女性为风湿性心脏病心力衰竭患者,长期接受低盐饮食及利尿剂.洋地黄等药物治疗,心功能恢复满意。近日发现有疲乏软弱.淡漠迟钝,尿少,偶有肌痉挛。体格检查:体温36.8℃,脉率104次/分,呼吸20次/分,血压11/7.5kPa(80/65mmHg),肺部无啰音,下肢无水肿。您考虑该患者的情况可能是___
A. 洋地黄中毒
B. 心力衰竭加重
C. 低钾血症
D. 低钠血症
E. 高钾血症
【单选题】
室性心律失常首选下列哪种药物___
A. 西地兰
B. 奎尼丁
C. 地高辛
D. 利多卡因
E. 阿托品
【单选题】
冠心病猝死的最主要原因是___
A. 严重心律失常
B. 心脏破裂
C. 肺梗死
D. 脑梗死
【单选题】
目前原发性高血压急症的首选降压药多为___
A. 硝普钠
B. 硝酸甘油
C. 卡托普利
D. 阿替洛尔
E. 利舍平(利血平)
【单选题】
有一心脏病患者,休息时无呼吸困难及水肿,日常生活如扫地.洗衣时感心悸.气促,休息片刻后好转,对该患者的活动应如何限定___
A. 日常生活照常
B. 起床稍微活动,增加睡眠时间
C. 卧床休息,限制活动量
D. 绝对卧床休息
E. 坐位或半卧位,日常活动均需他人照顾
【单选题】
夜班护士接班后巡视病房,发现一左心衰竭患者的心力衰竭情况尚未完全控制,为预防阵发性夜间呼吸困难的发生您应采取的最重要护理措施是___
A. 保持病房安适
B. 给予地西泮一片
C. 继续氧气吸入
D. 置其半卧位睡眠
E. 投给小剂量地西泮
【单选题】
典型心绞痛的疼痛性质为___
A. 针刺样疼痛
B. 持久的剧痛
C. 牵涉痛
D. 钝痛
E. 压迫.发闷.紧缩性或窒息感
【单选题】
患者,女性,50岁,咳嗽,咳血性泡沫痰伴极度呼吸困难,大汗淋漓,心率120次/分,并可闻及舒张期奔马律,两肺底广泛湿啰音,应诊断为___
A. 肺气肿
B. 急性右心衰竭
C. 急性左心衰竭
D. 肺梗死
E. 急性心肌炎
【单选题】
急性心肌梗死发生后24小时内应尽量避免使用洋地黄类的药物,最主要原因是防止___
A. 洋地黄中毒
B. 脏器动脉栓塞
C. 室性心律失常
D. 房室传导阻滞
E. 心室膨胀瘤
【单选题】
患者,男性,56岁,突起呼吸困难,咳粉红色泡沫痰,测其血压为200/105mmHg,应选何药___
A. 硝普钠
B. 异丙肾上腺素
C. 肾上腺素
D. 尼可刹米
E. 利血平
【单选题】
患者,女性,72岁,突起胸闷.气促.烦躁不安。查体示:血压180/100mmHg,呼吸30次/分,脉搏130次/分,肺底部直至布满全肺可闻及湿啰音,心律齐。患者最有可能发生了___
A. 左心衰竭
B. 右心衰竭
C. 全心衰竭
D. 呼吸衰竭
E. 高血压脑病
【单选题】
某休克患者进行扩容疗法快速输液时,监测CVP为15cmH2O,血压80/60mmHg,应采取的措施是___
A. 大量输液,加快速度
B. 控制速度,减慢愉液
C. 减慢输液,加用强心剂
D. 暂停输液
E. 用升压药
【单选题】
患者,女性,48岁,被诊断为前间壁心肌梗死,其绝对卧床3天来未解大便。在下列促进排便的护理措施中您选择___
A. 加强被动活动增进肠蠕动
B. 做腹部加压按摩促进排便
C. 硫酸镁120g口服导泄
D. 开塞露肛内注入
E. 温盐水高位灌肠
【单选题】
严重左心功能不全时,患者常取___
A. 侧卧位
B. 端坐位
C. 仰卧位
D. 头高脚低位
E. 头低脚高位
【单选题】
体力活动明显受限,平时一般活动可引起呼吸困难的为___
A. 心功能Ⅰ级
B. 心功能Ⅱ级
C. 心功能Ⅲ级
D. 心功能Ⅳ级
E. 心功能代偿期
【单选题】
患者出现右心功能不全最早出现的体征是___
A. 肝颈静脉返流征呈阳性
B. 腹水
C. 胸水
D. 双下肢浮肿
E. 发绀
【单选题】
心功能不全的呼吸困难患者,夜间睡眠应采取___
A. 左侧卧位
B.
C. 仰卧位
D. 半卧位或坐位
E. 侧卧位或仰卧
【单选题】
去病房实施静脉输液操作时,见病床上一位长期卧床的男性54岁慢性充血性心力衰竭患者,突然呼叫剧烈疼痛,即作护理体检,发现其呼吸急促,面色发绀,时有咳嗽,咳出鲜红色血痰。体温36.8℃,脉搏120次/分。你考虑患者可能时发生___
A. 急性左心衰竭
B. 急性肺水肿
C. 急性肺部感染
D. 心肌梗死
E. 肺栓塞
【单选题】
某急性广泛前壁心肌梗死患者,发病6小时之内应首选下列哪项治疗___
A. 口服疏甲丙脯酸
B. 口服美托洛尔
C. 静脉注射西地兰
D. 尿激酶溶栓治疗
E. 静脉滴注低分子右旋糖苷
【单选题】
左心功能不全失代偿的早期依据是___
A. 心动过速
B. 心脏扩大
C. 心肌肥厚
D. 夜尿增多
E. 劳力性呼吸困难
【单选题】
急性心肌梗死患者若无并发症,卧床休息多少时间___
A. 12小时
B. 24小时
C. 48小时
D. 72小时
E. 1周
【单选题】
奇脉见于下列哪种疾病___
A. 肺源性心脏病
B. 心包积液
C. 冠心病
D. 缩窄性心包炎
E. 心肌病
【单选题】
某急性心肌梗死患者突然出现心尖区收缩期杂音,无震颤,心力衰竭明显加重。最可能的原因是___
A. 左室扩大,引起二尖辫关闭不全
B. 心率增快
C. 合并亚急性细菌性心内膜炎
D. 室间隔穿孔
E. 乳头肌功能失调或断裂
【单选题】
某急性心肌梗死的患者两小时后心电图随访Ⅱ.Ⅲ.avF导联出现病理性Q波,提示心肌梗死的部位可能是___
A. 后壁
B. 前壁
C. 下壁
D. 右侧壁
E. 左侧壁
【单选题】
长期卧床的心力衰竭患者栓子可来自下肢静脉,最易导致___
A. 上肢栓塞
B. 脑栓塞
C. 脾栓塞
D. 肺栓塞
E. 肾栓塞
【单选题】
频发室性早搏是指每分钟发生室性早搏多于___
A. 1次
B. 5次
C. 10次
D. 20次
E. 30次
【单选题】
动脉粥样硬化最具有特征性的病变是___
A. 纤维斑块病变引起管腔狭窄
B. 局限于动脉内膜的脂质条纹病变
C. 纤维斑块发生出血.坏死.溃疡的复合病变
D. 血管内膜表面破溃形成血栓及机化
E. 动脉壁的弹力层和肌层破坏后血管破裂引起出血
【单选题】
患者,男性,60岁,因急剧胸痛8小时入院,含服硝酸甘油效果不佳,血压为22.3/12.5kPa(168/94mmHg),心率为110次/分,伴偶发室性早搏,心电图示胸导联T波高尖。宜首选下列哪项治疗___
A. 静脉注射美托洛尔,继以口服
B. 口服异山梨酯
C. 静脉注射利多卡因
D. 口服慢心律
E. 口服疏甲丙脯酸
【单选题】
患者,女,28岁,首次入院,入院后一直在病房中走来走去,并主诉睡眠和胃口不佳。此患者的表现属于下列哪一种反应___
A. 焦虑
B. 恐惧
C. 害羞
D. 抑郁
E. 猜疑
【单选题】
关于对角色的有关陈述错误的是___
A. 原为戏剧.电影中的术语
B. 角色行为由个体完成
C. 社会心理学的一个专业术语
D. 角色行为由团体完成
E. 角色之间相互依存
【单选题】
护士语言使用要准确,言能达意,交代护理意图要简洁.通俗,避免使用医学术语,体现了语言的___
A. 专业性
B. 道德性
C. 礼貌性
D. 规范性
E. 安慰性
【单选题】
信息交流中最重要的技巧是___
A. 核实情况
B. 沉默的运用
C. 触摸的方式
D. 同情的表示
E. 用心倾听
【单选题】
护士与一糖尿病的患者及家属共同研究和讨论患者出院后的饮食安排问题,此时其最主要的角色是___
A. 治疗者
B. 管理者
C. 照顾者
D. 教导者
E. 协调者