【简答题】
汽年自从发明以来使交通运输发生了草命性的变化,永远地改变了人们的生活、旅行和办事的方式。但另ー方面,也带来了危害,尤其是公路死亡事故。然而,现今由于计算机技术和电子传感器的使用,有可能消除发生的大多数交通事故。例如,装在你汽车上的电子传感器能检测到空气中的酒精雾汽并拒绝启动引擎。同样,传感器还能通过接受在轨道上运行的卫星发出的信号监测路况并大大减少你陷入交通拥堵的可能性。
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【简答题】
常言道,好的开端是成功的一半。在求职时,求职者事先做好充分的准备是非常重要的。我认为,事先做不做准备显然会影响求职者的成功机会。
我的一位朋友在一家大型计算机软件公司供职,年薪十万美元左右。他根据自己的经历告诉我说,那些面试未来雇员的具有录用决定权的人喜欢有充分准备的人。那些没有在了解未来雇主方面尽全力的人很难有成功的希望。
【简答题】
全球化对中国年轻人具有重大影响。例如,年轻的农民正在大规模流向城市寻找工作。而对那些想出国深造或进外企工作的年轻人来说,英语变得越来越重要。另一方面,许多海外学子近年来回归祖国,因为他们看好中国经济的长期增长前景。因特网加强了中国年轻人和其他地方年轻人的联系。他们跟踪最新的潮流,模仿外国的时尚。他们中一些人似乎不在乎中国的传统美德,更不要说发扬光大,这使得有人忧虑中国传统文化会不会有一天终将消失。
【简答题】
就我来说,我发现外表往往是靠不住的。譬如,要是你仅凭外表去判断诸如爱德华・海德・伯顿这样的人,你就错了。外表上,伯顿像是个表里一致的人。他个子很小,满头白发,有着一双温和、蔚蓝的眼睛,文雅且坦率。然而,他原来却是十分的残忍。他侮辱和愚弄穷困潦倒的伦尼,让他去做那样的蠢事。更让人吃惊的是,他对伦尼的死全然冷漠无情。毫无疑问,他是个铁石心肠的家伙。
【简答题】
They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.
【简答题】
In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.
【简答题】
In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.
【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
________不属于鼠类及体表寄生虫携带的病原体。___
A. 鼠疫耶尔森菌
B. 汉坦病毒
C. 黄病毒属病毒
D. 致病性钩端螺旋体
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送,如果在24h内不能到达实验室的,运送过程中箱内温度应保持在_____。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送,如果在装箱后4h内能够到达实验室的,运送过程中箱内温度应保持在______。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送,如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的,应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样,运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
恰加斯病也称为美洲锥虫病,其重要的传播媒介是________。___
A. 采采蝇
B. 厩螫蝇
C. 锥蝽
D. 埃及伊蚊
【单选题】
_______是黑热病内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介。___
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本,现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
_______不适用于入出境集装箱携带蝇、蚊、蠓的采集。___
A. 挥网法
B. 电动吸蚊器法
C. 直接捡取法
D. 二氧化碳诱蚊灯法
【单选题】
入境航空器应在______开始病媒生物监测。___
A. 卸货完成后
B. 抵达后
C. 等航空公司通知
D. 发现病媒生物时
【单选题】
进行集装箱携带输入性病媒生物监测时应准备的个人防护用品包括______。___
A. 乳胶手套、防护服
B. 防毒面具
C. 自给式呼吸器
D. 化学防护服
【单选题】
若要对采集到的输入性鼠类进行携带的病毒进行检测,取得其内脏器官的保存温度是_____。___
A. -80℃或以下
B. 0℃
C. 常温
D. 4℃-8℃
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行,锚位距陆地距离不少于______,或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m;1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
开展入境船舶输入性病媒生物监测工作中,在采集并保存病媒生物时由________陪同人员确认。___
A. 旅行社
B. 船方
C. 代理公司
D. 海事部门
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的,国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人,必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告,迅速查明原因,实施卫生处理。___
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【单选题】
1894年,孙中山北上京津上书___,希望能进行自上而下的改革。
A. 曾国藩
B. 张之洞
C. 左宗棠
D. 李鸿章
【单选题】
袁世凯死后,北洋军阀分裂,其中皖系的首领是___
A. 黎元洪
B. 段祺瑞
C. 张作霖
D. 冯国璋
【单选题】
太平天国革命前期的纲领《天朝田亩制度》实际上是一个以___为中心的比较完善的社会改革方案
A. 圣库制度
B. 军事斗争
C. 土地问题
D. 资产阶级改良
【单选题】
中国共产党领导的革命所包含的两个阶段是___。
A. 旧民主主义革命和新民主主义革命
B. 新民主主义革命和社会主义革命
C. 社会主义革命和共产主义革命
D. 反帝国主义革命和反封建主义革命
【单选题】
中国封建社会的社会结构的特点是___
A. 君主立宪制
B. 族权和政权相结合的封建宗法等级制度
C. 封建君主专制统治
D. 宗族家长制
【单选题】
1927年9月9日,作为中共中央特派员的毛泽东领导发动了___
A. 鄂豫边界武装起义
B. 湘赣边界秋收起义
C. 湘鄂西武装起义
D. 海陆丰秋收起义
【单选题】
三民主义中的民权主义的内容是___
A. 恢复中华
B. 创立民国
C. 驱逐鞑虏
D. 平均地权
【单选题】
抗战初期, 国民党正面战场的作用主要在于___
A. 配合敌后战场
B. 消灭日军的主力
C. 掌握战争主动权
D. 粉碎日军迅速灭亡中国的计划
【单选题】
中华民国首任正式大总统是___
A. 孙中山
B. 黎元洪
C. 袁世凯
D. 冯国璋
【单选题】
1931年1月至1935年1月存在的“ 左”倾错误使中国革命受到严重挫折,它是___
A. 王明的“ 左”倾教条主义
B. 共产国际的瞎指挥
C. 李立三的“ 左”倾冒险主义
D. 瞿秋白的“ 左”倾盲动错误
【单选题】
中国历史上最伟大最深刻的社会变革之一是___
A. 中国共产党的成立
B. 社会主义改造的完成
C. 中华人民共和国的成立
D. 十一届三中全会的召开
【单选题】
洋务运动的指导思想是___
A. 中体西用
B. 自强求富
C. 借法自强
D. 爱国救亡
【单选题】
抗战初期, 国共两个战场的相同点是___
A. 组织动员民众抗战
B. 抗战路线相同
C. 建立了抗日民主政权
D. 进行了积极抵抗
【单选题】
洋务派兴办的民用企业多数采取了___的方式
A. 官督商办
B. 官商合办
C. 商办
D. 官办
【单选题】
“二次革命”的导火线是___
A. 孙中山辞去民国总统
B. 黄兴解散南方的革命军队
C. 宋教仁被暗杀
D. 袁世凯政府与日本签订“二十一条约”
【单选题】
中国近代史上第一个睁眼看世界的人是___
A. 林则徐
B. 邓廷桢
C. 魏源
D. 严复
【单选题】
社会主义改造基本完成后,党和全国人民的主要任务是___。
A. 正确处理人民内部矛盾
B. 继续实行土地制度改革
C. 实现四个现代化
D. 尽快把我国从落后的农业变为先进的工业国
【单选题】
毛泽东在《反对本本主义》一文中提出的著名论断是___
A. 须知政权是由枪杆子中取得的
B. 一切反动派都是纸老虎
C. 兵民是胜利之本
D. 没有调查,没有发言权
【单选题】
第一次国共合作正式形成的标志是___
A. 中共一大
B. 中共三大
C. 中共二大
D. 中国国民党第一次全国代表大会
【单选题】
戊戌变法失败后,除___(北京大学前身)被保留下来以外,其余新政措施大都被废除
A. 京师大学堂
B. 北京同文馆
C. 湖北广方言学堂
D. 福州船政学堂
【单选题】
《天朝田亩制度》的中心内容是:___
A. 关于土地制度的规定
B. 平均地权
C. 推翻清王朝的反动统治
D. 反对帝国主义侵略
【单选题】
在抗日战争中,国民党由比较积极地抗战转向消极抗战的标志是___
A. 国民党五届四中全会的召开
B. 国民党五届六中全会的召开
C. 国民党五届五中全会的召开
D. 国民党五届三中全会的召开
【单选题】
八七会议前后,中共发动的几次大规模武装起义均以夺取大城市为目标,这种情况表明我党___
A. 在城市拥有相对强大的革命力量
B. 尚未充分认识到农民是革命的主力
C. 革命道路脱离实际
D. 对敌人的力量有清醒的认识
【单选题】
洋务运动时期,清政府建立起四支水师,其中___是海军主力
A. 北洋水师
B. 广东水师
C. 南洋水师
D. 福建水师
【单选题】
抗日战争中,日军在海外作战中损失的287万人中,有___人伤亡在中国战场。
A. 150万
B. 250万
C. 200万
D. 100万
【单选题】
侵略者第二次洗劫和焚烧圆明园的战争是___
A. 甲午战争
B. 第二次鸦片战争
C. 鸦片战争
D. 八国联军侵华战争
【单选题】
全面抗战路线和片面抗战路线的最大区别是___
A. 采用哪种方式抗日
B. 要不要抗日
C. 正面战场还是敌后战场
D. 依靠哪些力量抗日
【单选题】
外国人可以在中国横行不法,中国政府却无权干预,是因为资本主义列强在中国享有 ___
A. 协定关税权
B. 驻兵权
C. 领事裁判权
D. 开矿设厂权
【单选题】
新中国发展国民经济的第一个五年计划期间是指___
A. 1949-1954年
B. 1952-1956年
C. 1950-1955年
D. 1953-1957年
【单选题】
北洋军阀政府代表的是___
A. 小资产阶级知识分子利益
B. 民族资产阶级利益
C. 大地主和买办资产阶级利益
D. 工农利益
【单选题】
1904年,孙中山发表的指出只有推翻清政府,建立“中华民国”,才能真正解决中国问题的文章是___
A. 《驳康有为论革命书》
B. 《警世钟》
C. 《中国问题的真解决》
D. 《革命书》
【单选题】
1856年的 ___ 是太平天国由盛到衰的转折点
A. 辛酉政变
B. 玄武门之变
C. 天京事变
D. 戊戌政变
【单选题】
1935 年8月1日,中共驻共产国际代表团发表___,呼吁一致抗日。
A. 《为抗日救国告全国同胞书》
B. 《停战议和一致抗日》
C. 《停止内战一致抗日》
D. 《反日反蒋的初步协定》
【单选题】
遵义会议是中国共产党从幼稚走向成熟的标志, 主要依据是___
A. 从克服右倾错误到纠正“左”倾错误
B. 从受共产国际支配到独立自主解决党内问题
C. 中国革命由此转危为安
D. 工作重心由城市转移到农村
【单选题】
中共一大选举___为书记
A. 李大钊
B. 张国焘
C. 毛泽东
D. 陈独秀
【单选题】
新中国成立初期,除人民解放军在前线的胜利之外,中央人民政府为人民所做的最大的一件工作是___
A. 稳定物价和统一财政工作
B. 镇压反革命
C. 人民币的发行范围扩大到所有解放区
D. 没收官僚资本
【单选题】
中国第一个传播马克思主义并主张向俄国十月革命学习的先进分子是___
A. 胡适
B. 鲁迅
C. 陈独秀
D. 李大钊
【单选题】
1946年6月,国民党蒋介石发动全面内战始于进攻___
A. 中原解放区
B. 陕甘宁解放区
C. 豫皖苏解放区
D. 山东解放区
【单选题】
1925年召开的中国共产党第四次全国代表大会的中心议题是___
A. 建立统一战线的问题
B. 如何领导即将到来的革命高潮
C. 共产党员、共青团员以个人身份加入中国国民党
D. 强调同资产阶级争夺领导权
【单选题】
中国共产党明确提出彻底的反帝反封建的纲领是在___
A. 党的四大上
B. 党的一大上
C. 党的三大上
D. 党的二大上