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【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
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答案
1812年春,拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。这些士兵受过良好训练,作战力强,装备精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信,预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。
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Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
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In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
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Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
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Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
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Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
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The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
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As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
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Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
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Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
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As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
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For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
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D. D.断路器→电源(母线)侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》(Q/CSG510001-2015)第7.4.1.12 条规定:成套接地线应由有透明护套的多股软铜线和专用线夹组成。接地线截面不应小于( ),并应满足装设地点短路电流的要求。 A.16mm² B.20mm² C.25mm² D.8mm² 答案:C 《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》规定:停电操作应按照( )的顺序依次操作,送电操作顺序相反。 A.负荷侧隔离开关→电源(母线)侧隔离开关→断路器 B.电源(母线)侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关→断路器 C.断路器→负荷侧隔离开关→电源(母线)侧隔离开关 D.断路器→电源(母线)侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关 答案:C 《南方电网公司现场作业违章扣分管理办法》( )为已经或一般可能直接或间接导致人员伤害等事件、或较严重违反安全生产规程制度的违章现象,每起扣3分。
A. A.A类
B. B. B类
C. C.C类
D. D.D类
【单选题】
《关于进一步加强低压集抄建设的指导意见(市场〔2016〕35号)》,六、加强风险防控。项目验收以( )为基础。
A. A.工程验收
B. B.台区验收
C. C.单元工程验收
D. D.方案验收
【单选题】
《关于进一步加强低压集抄建设的指导意见(市场〔2016〕35号)》,四、深化业务应用。(一)基础应用全覆盖。投运一年内,对于连续( )个月及以上月末冻结表码抄读成功率低于管控指标的低压集抄台区,交由业主项目部组织相关建设单位进行分析整改。
A. A.1
B. B.2
C. C.3
D. D.6
【单选题】
《低压集抄技术方案及其典型故障排除方法》3.2.4全微功率无线方案。比较分散的低压三相用户或偏远农村用户集中抄表。建议选用哪种方案()
A. A.全载波
B. B.半载波
C. C.全微功率无线方案
D. D.半微功率无线方案
【单选题】
《低压集抄技术方案及其典型故障排除方法》第3.3.2.1规定,采集器通讯状态指示灯是红绿双色灯,绿色指示灯指示上行通信,即()状态。
A. A.GPRS/CDMA通信
B. B.PSTN通信
C. C.载波通信
D. D.RS485通信
【单选题】
《智能电表与低压集抄建设工作指引》六(客户关系)》,县区局在开工( )天前短信通知涉及的客户,尽可能确保通知率达到100%。
A. A.1
B. B.2
C. C.3
D. D.5
【单选题】
《智能电表与低压集抄建设工作指引》五(数据质量)》,换表流程应在完成施工后( )内录入营销系统,在月末营销系统翻月前完成归档。
A. A.三天
B. B.五天
C. C.一周
D. D.一月
【单选题】
《智能电表与低压集抄建设工作指引》三(施工质量及安全)。作业前应召开现场工前会,由工作负责人(监护人)对工作班组所有人员或工作分组负责人、工作分组负责人(监护人)对分组人员进行安全交代,并在( )上由双方签名确认
A. A.《营销作业派工单》
B. B.《安全技术交底单》
C. C.《班前会及每日安全技术交底记录》
D. D.《书面形式布置记录》
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