【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
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1812年春，拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。这些士兵受过良好训练，作战力强，装备精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信，预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。
相关试题
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
________不属于鼠类及体表寄生虫携带的病原体。___
A. 鼠疫耶尔森菌
B. 汉坦病毒
C. 黄病毒属病毒
D. 致病性钩端螺旋体
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在24h内不能到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在_____。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在装箱后4h内能够到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在______。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
恰加斯病也称为美洲锥虫病，其重要的传播媒介是________。___
A. 采采蝇
B. 厩螫蝇
C. 锥蝽
D. 埃及伊蚊
【单选题】
_______是黑热病内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介。___
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
_______不适用于入出境集装箱携带蝇、蚊、蠓的采集。___
A. 挥网法
B. 电动吸蚊器法
C. 直接捡取法
D. 二氧化碳诱蚊灯法
【单选题】
入境航空器应在______开始病媒生物监测。___
A. 卸货完成后
B. 抵达后
C. 等航空公司通知
D. 发现病媒生物时
【单选题】
进行集装箱携带输入性病媒生物监测时应准备的个人防护用品包括______。___
A. 乳胶手套、防护服
B. 防毒面具
C. 自给式呼吸器
D. 化学防护服
【单选题】
若要对采集到的输入性鼠类进行携带的病毒进行检测，取得其内脏器官的保存温度是_____。___
A. -80℃或以下
B. 0℃
C. 常温
D. 4℃-8℃
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
开展入境船舶输入性病媒生物监测工作中，在采集并保存病媒生物时由________陪同人员确认。___
A. 旅行社
B. 船方
C. 代理公司
D. 海事部门
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人，必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告，迅速查明原因，实施卫生处理。___
【单选题】
采用鼠夹法监测鼠密度，应连续布放______。___
【单选题】
______不属于口岸区域鼠类常用监测方法。___
A. 鼠笼法
B. 鼠夹法
C. 目测法
D. 粉迹法
【单选题】
采用粉迹法监测鼠类密度时，滑石粉块的尺寸是______。___
A. 20cm×20cm
B. 30cm×30cm
C. 40cm×40cm
D. 50cm×50cm
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫幼虫监测指标。___
A. 容器指数
B. 刺叮指数
C. 房屋指数
D. 布雷图指数
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫成虫监测方法。___
A. 人帐诱法
B. 人工小时法
C. 小黑板法
D. 诱蚊器收集法
【单选题】
______不属于蝇类成虫监测方法。___
A. 诱蝇笼诱捕法
B. 捕蝇网网捕法
C. 直接目测法
D. 路径指数法
【单选题】
啮齿动物的臼齿常具有_____。___
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【单选题】
对新客户应于装表后（ ）内进行第一次抄表，并向客户发送新装客户缴费通知单等有关单据。
A. A.一星期
B. B.3天
C. C.一个月
D. D.半个月
【单选题】
（ ）可为完成电力企业的重要经济指标做好基础工作。
A. A.按期抄表
B. B.按时计核电费
C. C.按时回收电费
D. D.按时上报报表
【单选题】
逾期不交或未交清电费，即为拖欠电费。对逾期超过（ ）日，经催交仍未交付电费的客户，可依法按规定的程序停电或限电。
A. A.10
B. B.20
C. C.30
D. D.60
【单选题】
在实施停限电前（ ）要通知客户1次，方可按通知规定的要求实施停限电。
A. A.10分钟
B. B.20分钟
C. C.30分钟
D. D.60分钟
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》（Q/CSG510001-2015）第 7.4.1.12 条规定：成套接地线应由有透明护套的多股软铜线和专用线夹组成。接地线截面不应小于（），并应满足装设地点短路电流的要求。
A. A.16mm²
B. B.20mm²
C. C.25mm²
D. D.30mm²
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《电业安全工作规程•电力线路部分（GB26859-2011）》第6.4.4条规定：装、拆接地线导体端应使用（）或专用绝缘绳，人体不得碰触接地线。
A. A.木棒
B. B.金属棒
C. C.绝缘棒
D. D.竹棒
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》Q/CSG 510001-2015第14.7.4条规定：风力超过（）级时，不应砍剪高出或接近导线的树木。
A. A.3
B. B.4
C. C.5
D. D.6
【单选题】
当开关电器切断(包括正常操作和误操作)有电流的线路或线路、触头、绕组发生短路时，就可能产生（）。
A. A.电流
B. B.电压
C. C.电弧
D. D.电阻
【单选题】
电缆分接箱正常使用寿命（）年以上。
A. A.10
B. B.15
C. C.20
D. D.25
【单选题】
低压断路器是由（）等三部分组成。
A. A.主触头、操作机构、辅助触头
B. B.主触头、合闸机构、分闸机构
C. C.感受元件、执行元件、传递元件
D. D.感受元件、操作元件、保护元件
【单选题】
低压线路的分段保护应满足：熔丝的额定电流不小于控制范围内的（）。
A. A.负荷电流
B. B.短路电流
C. C.最大负荷电流
D. D.最大短路电流
【单选题】
电缆线路的正常工作电压一般不超过电缆额定电压的（）。
A. A.0.05
B. B.0.1
C. C .0.15
D. D.0.2
【单选题】
单芯电缆线路较短且符合感应电压规定要求时，金属屏蔽（金属套）接地方式不可使用（）。
A. A.采取在线路一端直接接地，另一端经过电压限制器接地
B. B.中间部位单点直接接地，两端经过电压限制器接地
C. C.两端直接接地
D. D.以上都对
【单选题】
两相邻档距中导线弛度最低点间的水平距离称为（）。
A. A.代表档距
B. B.水平档距
C. C.垂直档距
D. D.耐张段
【单选题】
延长环是一种（）金具。
A. A.线夹
B. B.拉线
C. C.连接
D. D.接续
【单选题】
在直线杆上安装分支横担，作业人员应先确定分支横担位置，其安装位置是距直线横担准线下方（）处划印。
A. A.600mm
B. B.750mm
C. C.450mm
D. D.900mm
【单选题】
横担上下倾斜、左右偏歪，不应大于横提长度的（）。
A. A.0.04
B. B.0.03
C. C.0.02
D. D.0.01
【单选题】
下列属于蝶式绝缘子的型号的为（）。
A. A.CD10-1
B. B.XP-7C
C. C.ED-3
D. D.PD-1T
【单选题】
并沟线夹属于（）金具。
A. A.保护金具
B. B.连接金具
C. C.接续金具
D. D.紧固金具
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对需要进入变电站进行绝缘检测的工作，应填写（）工作票，并得到调度许可，还应得到变电站值班员的工作许可。
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B. B.第二种
C. C.紧急抢修
【单选题】
外委抢修单位参与抢修工作时，抢修人员必须到现场核对其工作人员是否通过公司系统组织的安规考试、（）“两种人”资格考试以及其他工作要求的能力考评。
A. A.四种人
B. B.三种人
C. C.两种人
D. D.一种人
【单选题】
低压线路带电接火，应先接（），后接（），并要求（）。
A. A.火线、零线、逐相包扎
B. B.逐相包扎、火线、零线
C. C.零线，火线、逐相包扎
【单选题】
对钢丝钳使用说法错误的是（）。
A. A.不能将钢丝钳当榔头或撬杆使用
B. B.不能将相线和中性线同时在一个钳口处切断
C. C.可以将不同的相线同时在一个钳口处切断
D. D.可以剪切导线
【单选题】
脚扣使用前应在杆体（）高处进行人体冲击试验。
A. A.0.1 m
B. B.0.3 m
C. C.0.5 m
D. D.1.0 m
【单选题】
接地电阻测量，沿被测接地极E’使电位探针P’和电流探测针C’，依直线彼此相距（）m，且电位探测针P’系插于接地极E’和电流探测针C’之间。
A. A.40
B. B.30
C. C.20
D. D.10
【单选题】
按正弦规律变化的交流电的三个要素是（）。
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C. C.最大值、角频率、初相角
D. D.有效值、频率、相位
【单选题】
三相电流（或电压）幅值不一致，且幅值差超过规定范围称（）。
A. A.单相不平衡
B. B.两相不平衡
C. C.三相不平衡
D. D.突变
【单选题】
起重时，吊点的合力必须在物体的（）。
A. A.形心上
B. B.中间
C. C.重心上
D. D.任何位置
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《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》（Q/CSG510001-2015）第3.27条规定：高处作业是指凡在坠落高度基准面（ ）及以上，有可能坠落的高处进行的作业。
A. A.2.5m
B. B.1.5m
C. C.2m
D. D.1m
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》Q/CSG 510001-2015第16.5.1.1条规定：低压电气工作前，应用（）检验检修设备、金属外壳和相邻设备是否有电。
A. A.手背
B. B.绝缘棒
C. C.低压验电器或测电笔
D. D.绝缘绳
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》（Q/CSG510001-2015）第7.4.1.12 条规定：成套接地线应由有透明护套的多股软铜线和专用线夹组成。接地线截面不应小于（ ），并应满足装设地点短路电流的要求。
A. A.16mm²
B. B.20mm²
C. C.25mm²
D. D.8mm²
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》规定：停电操作应按照（ ）的顺序依次操作，送电操作顺序相反。
A. A.负荷侧隔离开关→电源（母线）侧隔离开关→断路器
B. B.电源（母线）侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关→断路器
C. C.断路器→负荷侧隔离开关→电源（母线）侧隔离开关
D. D.断路器→电源（母线）侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关
【单选题】
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》（Q/CSG510001-2015）第7.4.1.12 条规定：成套接地线应由有透明护套的多股软铜线和专用线夹组成。接地线截面不应小于（ ），并应满足装设地点短路电流的要求。
A.16mm² B.20mm² C.25mm² D.8mm² 答案：C
《中国南方电网有限责任公司电力安全工作规程》规定：停电操作应按照（ ）的顺序依次操作，送电操作顺序相反。
A.负荷侧隔离开关→电源（母线）侧隔离开关→断路器
B.电源（母线）侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关→断路器
C.断路器→负荷侧隔离开关→电源（母线）侧隔离开关
D.断路器→电源（母线）侧隔离开关→负荷侧隔离开关 答案：C
《南方电网公司现场作业违章扣分管理办法》( )为已经或一般可能直接或间接导致人员伤害等事件、或较严重违反安全生产规程制度的违章现象，每起扣3分。
A. A.A类
B. B. B类
C. C.C类
D. D.D类
【单选题】
《关于进一步加强低压集抄建设的指导意见(市场〔2016〕35号)》，六、加强风险防控。项目验收以( )为基础。
A. A.工程验收
B. B.台区验收
C. C.单元工程验收
D. D.方案验收
【单选题】
《关于进一步加强低压集抄建设的指导意见(市场〔2016〕35号)》，四、深化业务应用。（一）基础应用全覆盖。投运一年内，对于连续（ ）个月及以上月末冻结表码抄读成功率低于管控指标的低压集抄台区，交由业主项目部组织相关建设单位进行分析整改。
A. A.1
B. B.2
C. C.3
D. D.6
【单选题】
《低压集抄技术方案及其典型故障排除方法》3.2.4全微功率无线方案。比较分散的低压三相用户或偏远农村用户集中抄表。建议选用哪种方案（）
A. A.全载波
B. B.半载波
C. C.全微功率无线方案
D. D.半微功率无线方案
【单选题】
《低压集抄技术方案及其典型故障排除方法》第3.3.2.1规定，采集器通讯状态指示灯是红绿双色灯，绿色指示灯指示上行通信，即（）状态。
A. A.GPRS/CDMA通信
B. B.PSTN通信
C. C.载波通信
D. D.RS485通信
【单选题】
《智能电表与低压集抄建设工作指引》六（客户关系）》，县区局在开工（ ）天前短信通知涉及的客户，尽可能确保通知率达到100%。
A. A.1
B. B.2
C. C.3
D. D.5
【单选题】
《智能电表与低压集抄建设工作指引》五（数据质量）》，换表流程应在完成施工后（ ）内录入营销系统，在月末营销系统翻月前完成归档。
A. A.三天
B. B.五天
C. C.一周
D. D.一月
【单选题】
《智能电表与低压集抄建设工作指引》三（施工质量及安全）。作业前应召开现场工前会，由工作负责人（监护人）对工作班组所有人员或工作分组负责人、工作分组负责人（监护人）对分组人员进行安全交代，并在( )上由双方签名确认
A. A.《营销作业派工单》
B. B.《安全技术交底单》
C. C.《班前会及每日安全技术交底记录》
D. D.《书面形式布置记录》
