【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
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1812年春，拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。这些士兵受过良好训练，作战力强，装备精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信，预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。
相关试题
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
________不属于鼠类及体表寄生虫携带的病原体。___
A. 鼠疫耶尔森菌
B. 汉坦病毒
C. 黄病毒属病毒
D. 致病性钩端螺旋体
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在24h内不能到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在_____。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在装箱后4h内能够到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在______。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
恰加斯病也称为美洲锥虫病，其重要的传播媒介是________。___
A. 采采蝇
B. 厩螫蝇
C. 锥蝽
D. 埃及伊蚊
【单选题】
_______是黑热病内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介。___
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
_______不适用于入出境集装箱携带蝇、蚊、蠓的采集。___
A. 挥网法
B. 电动吸蚊器法
C. 直接捡取法
D. 二氧化碳诱蚊灯法
【单选题】
入境航空器应在______开始病媒生物监测。___
A. 卸货完成后
B. 抵达后
C. 等航空公司通知
D. 发现病媒生物时
【单选题】
进行集装箱携带输入性病媒生物监测时应准备的个人防护用品包括______。___
A. 乳胶手套、防护服
B. 防毒面具
C. 自给式呼吸器
D. 化学防护服
【单选题】
若要对采集到的输入性鼠类进行携带的病毒进行检测，取得其内脏器官的保存温度是_____。___
A. -80℃或以下
B. 0℃
C. 常温
D. 4℃-8℃
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
开展入境船舶输入性病媒生物监测工作中，在采集并保存病媒生物时由________陪同人员确认。___
A. 旅行社
B. 船方
C. 代理公司
D. 海事部门
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人，必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告，迅速查明原因，实施卫生处理。___
【单选题】
采用鼠夹法监测鼠密度，应连续布放______。___
【单选题】
______不属于口岸区域鼠类常用监测方法。___
A. 鼠笼法
B. 鼠夹法
C. 目测法
D. 粉迹法
【单选题】
采用粉迹法监测鼠类密度时，滑石粉块的尺寸是______。___
A. 20cm×20cm
B. 30cm×30cm
C. 40cm×40cm
D. 50cm×50cm
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫幼虫监测指标。___
A. 容器指数
B. 刺叮指数
C. 房屋指数
D. 布雷图指数
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫成虫监测方法。___
A. 人帐诱法
B. 人工小时法
C. 小黑板法
D. 诱蚊器收集法
【单选题】
______不属于蝇类成虫监测方法。___
A. 诱蝇笼诱捕法
B. 捕蝇网网捕法
C. 直接目测法
D. 路径指数法
【单选题】
啮齿动物的臼齿常具有_____。___
推荐试题
【单选题】
婴儿语言能力的发展与婴儿的___发育有直接的关系
A. 视觉功能
B. 咀嚼功能
C. 运动功能
D. 心肺功能
【单选题】
当婴儿出现肚子疼时，要及时采取___的方法以缓解症状
A. 多喝热水
B. 停止进食及饮水
C. 在肚子上放个暖水袋
D. 缓解婴儿紧张情绪
【单选题】
根据婴儿的月龄掌握进奶量：3个月大的婴儿每次喂奶量的平均值为___
A. 120-130ml
B. 150-180ml
C. 160-180ml
D. 180-210ml
【单选题】
添加泥糊状食品不当，婴儿可能会出现___
A. 嗜睡
B. 厌食
C. 喜动
D. 消化不良吧
【单选题】
婴儿早期生长需要的三种食物段，又称三级火箭，其正确的划分是___
A. 一级火箭-母乳喂养期，二级火箭-配方奶衔接期，三级火箭-自然食物均衡期
B. 母乳喂养期（一级火箭），泥状食品添加期（二级火箭），固体食物添加期（三级火箭）
C. 哺乳期（一级火箭），换乳期（二级火箭），泥状食物添加期（三级火箭）
D. 婴儿出生立即开始的母乳喂养（一级火箭），及时给与配方奶衔接和泥状食物添加（二级火箭），固体食物期到自然食物均衡膳食的合理喂养（三级火箭）
【单选题】
饭前给婴儿喂水会导致___
A. 产生饱感
B. 胃液稀释
C. 增加小便量
D. 加速肠胃蠕动
【单选题】
冰水可引起婴儿___
A. 肠痉挛
B. 呕吐
C. 拉肚子
D. 食欲不振
【单选题】
水平衡与多种因素有关，其中包括___
A. 碳水化合物
B. 脂肪
C. 呼吸速率和体温
D. 钙的水平
【单选题】
使用消毒液应注意___
A. 消毒只是多种预防措施中的一种
B. 消毒是唯一的预防措施
C. 消毒是不要的预防措施
D. 消毒是可有可无的预防措施
【单选题】
保存消毒液时，不要放在直接日晒的地方或___
A. 温度较高的地方
B. 温度较低的地方
C. 低处
D. 不通风的地方
【单选题】
婴儿能在成人的指导下学会主动做盆是在___
A. 8个月以后
B. 1岁以后
C. 2岁以后
D. 3岁以后
【单选题】
婴儿良好环境的内容不包括___
A. 室内装修豪华
B. 室温，卧具
C. 室内空气流通
D. 服装舒适，光线适宜
【单选题】
婴儿的___主要包括，体重测量，身长测量，头围与胸围的测量
A. 生长监测
B. 心理监测
C. 发育监测
D. 日常生活
【单选题】
掌握0-3岁婴儿___知识，能够早期发现婴儿异常并对常见疾病进行处处理
A. 生长监测
B. 营养
C. 心理
D. 教育
【单选题】
婴儿生长监测___主要包括，身长测量，头围与胸围的测量
A. 体重测量
B. 智力测评
C. 情绪测评
D. 环境测评
【单选题】
人体测量学是研究___生长发育的一个基本方法
【单选题】
培养婴儿二便习惯要___
A. 抓准间隔时间提前提醒
B. 提早训练
C. 以家长的威严制服婴儿
D. 用食物逗引婴儿
【单选题】
婴儿患有神经系统疾病，结核病，传染病___不宜接种疫苗
【单选题】
不要打白喉，百日咳，破伤风疫苗是在___
【单选题】
预防接种是要求育婴师掌握对___进行及时处理的方法
A. 接种反应
B. 生长监测
C. 生活护理
D. 疾病护理
【单选题】
___包括食物，药物两大类
A. 营养物
B. 生活用品
C. 学习用品
D. 水
【单选题】
婴儿缺乏维生素B2主要表现为___，口唇干裂，舌色红紫，眼疼等
A. 口角炎
B. 全身骨头疼
C. 血色素低
D. 吸收力差
【单选题】
每个婴儿都必需按照儿童免疫程序进行___
A. 预防接种
B. 生长监测
C. 生活护理
D. 教育训练
【单选题】
婴儿患有神经系统疾病___传染病，皮肤病不宜接种疫苗
【单选题】
接种疫苗后2-3天内避免___不要洗澡，以免感染
A. 剧烈运动
B. 不良生活习惯
C. 说话
D. 洗手
【单选题】
有明确___和免疫功能缺陷的婴儿不能接种疫苗
A. 过敏史
B. 不良生活习惯
C. 口吃
D. 洁癖
【单选题】
不能接种疫苗的婴儿是有明确的过敏史和___
A. 免疫功能缺陷
B. 不良生活习惯
C. 口吃
D. 洁癖
【单选题】
育婴师学习___的目标是掌握对接种反应进行及时处理的方法
A. 预防接种
B. 生长监测
C. 生活护理
D. 疾病护理
【单选题】
2-3天内避免剧烈运动，不要洗澡，以免感染是在___
A. 接种疫苗后
B. 接种疫苗前
C. 游戏前
D. 游戏后
【单选题】
发热时不要打___，百日咳，破伤风疫苗
【单选题】
婴儿接种疫苗后会有一些反应，有局部反应和___
A. 全身反应
B. 心理发应
C. 生理发应
D. 逆反反应
【单选题】
___测量的是双侧乳头到双侧肩胛骨绕胸部一周的长度
【单选题】
婴儿___包括，生长发育的知识，人体测量学常用的参数，生长发育测量方法
A. 生长监测
B. 营养曲线
C. 生活常识
D. 自理能力
【单选题】
每次测量生长要连续测量三次，用两个相近的数字的___数作为记录数字，身长数字记录到小数点后一位
A. 第二个
B. 第一个
C. 平均
D. 第三个
【单选题】
出生时是32厘米，第一年就增长12厘米的是婴儿的___
【单选题】
人体测量常用参数广泛用于判断___营养状况和健康状况
A. 儿童
B. 老人
C. 残疾人
D. 成年人
【单选题】
生长监测的主要目标是育婴师正确记录婴儿___
A. 生长发育曲线
B. 智能发育曲线
C. 营养曲线
D. 心理变化
【单选题】
人体测量学参数的内容是___，身高和体重，上臀围
A. 头围与胸围的测量
B. 智力和学习
C. 年龄和体重
D. 情绪和情感
