【简答题】
In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.
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1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌—俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。
相关试题
【简答题】
In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.
【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
________不属于鼠类及体表寄生虫携带的病原体。___
A. 鼠疫耶尔森菌
B. 汉坦病毒
C. 黄病毒属病毒
D. 致病性钩端螺旋体
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在24h内不能到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在_____。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在装箱后4h内能够到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在______。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
恰加斯病也称为美洲锥虫病，其重要的传播媒介是________。___
A. 采采蝇
B. 厩螫蝇
C. 锥蝽
D. 埃及伊蚊
【单选题】
_______是黑热病内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介。___
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
_______不适用于入出境集装箱携带蝇、蚊、蠓的采集。___
A. 挥网法
B. 电动吸蚊器法
C. 直接捡取法
D. 二氧化碳诱蚊灯法
【单选题】
入境航空器应在______开始病媒生物监测。___
A. 卸货完成后
B. 抵达后
C. 等航空公司通知
D. 发现病媒生物时
【单选题】
进行集装箱携带输入性病媒生物监测时应准备的个人防护用品包括______。___
A. 乳胶手套、防护服
B. 防毒面具
C. 自给式呼吸器
D. 化学防护服
【单选题】
若要对采集到的输入性鼠类进行携带的病毒进行检测，取得其内脏器官的保存温度是_____。___
A. -80℃或以下
B. 0℃
C. 常温
D. 4℃-8℃
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
开展入境船舶输入性病媒生物监测工作中，在采集并保存病媒生物时由________陪同人员确认。___
A. 旅行社
B. 船方
C. 代理公司
D. 海事部门
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人，必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告，迅速查明原因，实施卫生处理。___
【单选题】
采用鼠夹法监测鼠密度，应连续布放______。___
【单选题】
______不属于口岸区域鼠类常用监测方法。___
A. 鼠笼法
B. 鼠夹法
C. 目测法
D. 粉迹法
【单选题】
采用粉迹法监测鼠类密度时，滑石粉块的尺寸是______。___
A. 20cm×20cm
B. 30cm×30cm
C. 40cm×40cm
D. 50cm×50cm
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫幼虫监测指标。___
A. 容器指数
B. 刺叮指数
C. 房屋指数
D. 布雷图指数
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫成虫监测方法。___
A. 人帐诱法
B. 人工小时法
C. 小黑板法
D. 诱蚊器收集法
推荐试题
【单选题】
应急出口的滑梯充气瓶在什么地方（）___
A. 在起落架舱
B. 在电子舱
C. 在客舱
D. 在货舱
【单选题】
在客舱中，旅客的座椅是怎样安装在地板上的（）___
A. 前、后用螺栓固定
B. 前边用导座
C. 后边用快卸装置
D. B+C
【单选题】
怎样检查应急门的滑梯气瓶压力（）___
A. 前货舱
B. 后货舱
C. PTP面板
D. B+C
【单选题】
正副驾驶员座椅扶手倾斜角度指示器安装在哪里？___
A. 座椅左右两侧扶手均有
B. 只有正驾驶一侧有
C. 在每个座椅操纵侧杆的那一侧扶手前部
D.
【单选题】
正副驾驶员座椅水平、垂直方向的控制方式有几种？___
【单选题】
客舱内的释压盖板安装在什么位置？___
A. 上部侧壁板
B. 客舱顶板
C. 下部侧壁板
D.
【单选题】
客舱内哪些盖板可拆卸？___
A. 所有盖板
B. 下部侧壁板
C. 上部侧壁板
D.
【单选题】
登机门滑梯包气瓶的作用是什么？___
A. 直接用于充起滑梯
B. 利用引射原理，将空气充入滑梯
C. 用于展开滑梯包
D.
【单选题】
登机门滑梯包气瓶压力如何检查？___
A. 在SD的门页面上
B. 在FAP上
C. 在滑梯包上的直读表
D.
【单选题】
登机门应急滑梯安装在什么位置？___
A. 在门下部
B. 在门的上部
C. 在后货舱
D.
【单选题】
翼上应急滑梯气瓶安装在什么位置？___
A. 在应急出口下部
B. 在应急出口上部
C. 在后货舱
D.
【单选题】
翼上应急滑梯气瓶压力如何检查？___
A. 在FAP可直接查看
B. 在PTP面板上可查看
C. 在气瓶上的直读表可查看
D.
【单选题】
翼上应急滑梯如何解除预位？___
A. 在气瓶上设置安全销
B. 使应急门上的触发机构解除预位
C. 在释放手柄上设置安全销
D. 以上答案均正确
【单选题】
翼上应急滑梯压力在FAP上如何检查？___
A. 在FAP上可直接看出压力的具体值
B. 在FAP上只有低压信息
C. 在FAP上无法检查
D.
【单选题】
货舱内快速释压板安装在什么位置？___
A. 货舱地板
B. 货舱前后壁板
C. 开口处的头顶板和右侧壁板
D.
【单选题】
货舱装载系统中，哪个止挡锁片控制PDU的电源？___
A. 门槛上的止挡锁片
B. 固定的YZ止挡锁片
C. XZ-SINGLE32止挡锁片
D.
【单选题】
APU火警探测器系统包括几段火警探测器（）___
【单选题】
APU灭火瓶数量及安装位置说法正确的是（）___
A. 1个在APU舱内
B. 2个在APU舱内
C. 1个在APU舱前防火墙的外侧
D. 2个在APU舱前防火墙的外侧
【单选题】
APU在地面出现火警时（）___
A. APU自动停车，并自动灭火
B. 自动灭火，但APU不停车
C. 自动停车，人工灭火
D. 人工停车，人工灭火
【单选题】
APU在地面起火时，一般是怎样灭火的（）___
A. 使用APUFIRE面板操纵灭火
B. 自动灭火
C. 从外部电源板操纵灭火
D. 利用地面灭火设备
【单选题】
APU在空中出现火警时（）___
A. APU自动停车，并自动灭火
B. 人工停车，自动灭火
C. 人工停车，人工灭火
D. 自动停车，人工灭火
【单选题】
SDCU是怎样连续的监控灭火系统（）___
A. 通过压力电门和爆炸电路状况
B. 通过灭火瓶压力和爆炸电路状况
C. 通过灭火瓶压力和释放头状况
D. 通过压力电门和释放头状况
【单选题】
按压驾驶舱发动机火警面板上的发动机火警释放按钮后（）___
A. 发动机灭火瓶被触发且灭火瓶释放对发动机进行灭火
B. 发动机灭火瓶并不会被触发释放，只是接通了灭火控制电路，只有当按压“SQUIB”按钮后才会释放发动机灭火瓶
C. 按压该按钮后火警三级警告的音响被取消
D. 以上都不对
【单选题】
当APUFIRE按钮被放出时，APU发电机会怎么样（）___
A. APU发电机不向网络供电
B. APU发电机不受影响
C. APU发电机继续向网络供电
D. APU发电机仍被衔接且供电
【单选题】
当APUFIRE按钮被放出时，那个valve被关闭（）___
A. 低压燃油关断valve
B. 液压防火关断valve
C. 燃油隔离valve
D. “PACK”流量控制valve
【单选题】
当ENGFIRE按钮被放出时，哪个相应的valve被关闭（）___
A. 燃油交输valve和燃油回油valve
B. 低压燃油关断valve和液压防火关断valve
C. 高压燃油关断valve和低压燃油关断valve
D. 液压防火关断valve和高压燃油关断valve
【单选题】
当电子舱出现烟雾警告，将BLOWER和EXTRACT按钮置于“超控”位将导致（）___
A. 鼓风机停止工作，抽风机继续工作
B. 鼓风机停止工作，抽风机停止工作
C. 鼓风机继续工作，抽风机停止工作
D. 鼓风机继续工作，抽风机继续工作
【单选题】
当电子舱探测烟雾警告时应（）___
A. 首先对电子舱通风排烟然后灭火
B. 首先对电子舱灭火，然后通风排烟
C. 对电子舱进行通风排烟
D. 没有办法
【单选题】
当发动机火警电门被放出时，IDG会怎么样（）___
【单选题】
当货舱烟雾TEST按钮被按下并保持住时，哪些条件被模拟（）___
A. 一个烟雾警告条件
B. 一个灭火瓶压力降低条件
C. 仅仅一个火警显示
D. 以上A和B
【单选题】
当探测到电子舱烟雾时，哪些警告被触发（）___
A. GEN1LINESMOKE灯
B. BLOWERFAUL灯
C. EXTRACTFAULT灯
D. 以上均正确
【单选题】
电子舱烟雾探测器安装在（）___
A. 电子舱通风系统的供气管道上
B. 电子舱通风系统的排气管道上
C. 电子舱80VU架上
D. 电子舱顶板上
【单选题】
发动机“AGENT”按钮是什么时候被激活（）___
A. 一致的“DISCH”灯亮时
B. “ENGINGFIRE”按钮亮时
C. “ENGINGFIRE”按钮被释放出时
D. 按下AGENT按钮时
【单选题】
发动机的灭火系统由什么控制（）___
A. FDU
B. CFDS
C. 人工利用灭火按钮
D. 灭火瓶
【单选题】
发动机火警TEST按钮检查什么（）___
A. 火警探测环路A和B，FDU指示和警告
B. AGENT1和2的SQUIB电路的连续性
C. 仅测试FDU及环路A和B
D. 以上A和B
【单选题】
发动机火警探测器安装在（）___
A. 风扇段，涡轮段
B. 吊架，风扇段和核心段
C. 风扇段和齿轮段
D. 风扇段，吊架和尾喷段
【单选题】
发动机灭火瓶及安装位置说法正确的是（）___
A. 每台发动机有一个灭火瓶，安装在发动机吊架上
B. 每台发动机有2个灭火瓶，安装在发动机吊架上
C. 两台发动机共有2个灭火瓶，安装在轮舱里
D. 每台发动机各2个灭火瓶，安装在轮舱里
【单选题】
发动机失火后，如何进行对发动机灭火操作（）___
A. 按出发动机火警按钮
B. 按压AGENT按钮
C. 按压TEST电门
D. 以上A+B
【单选题】
发动机系统有几个FDU，它们是如何工作的（）___
A. 1个FDU，同时监控两台发动机
B. 2个FDU，正常情况下，FDU1工作，FDU2备用
C. 2个FDU，每台发动机仅由其相应的FDU监控
D. 3个FDU，通常FDU1监控左发，FDU2监控右发，FDU3作为备用监控
