【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
查看试卷，进入试卷练习
微信扫一扫，开始刷题
俄国军队再次撤往安全之处。拿破仑顺利进入莫斯科，然而，对该市的占领成为毫无意义的胜利。俄国人弃城而走。法国人进城不久，一场熊熊大火烧毁了整个城市的三分之二。拿破仑向亚历山大一世提出停战，但沙皇深知他可以等待时机：“且让俄罗斯的严冬为我们战斗吧。”
相关试题
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
________不属于鼠类及体表寄生虫携带的病原体。___
A. 鼠疫耶尔森菌
B. 汉坦病毒
C. 黄病毒属病毒
D. 致病性钩端螺旋体
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在24h内不能到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在_____。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在装箱后4h内能够到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在______。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
恰加斯病也称为美洲锥虫病，其重要的传播媒介是________。___
A. 采采蝇
B. 厩螫蝇
C. 锥蝽
D. 埃及伊蚊
【单选题】
_______是黑热病内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介。___
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
_______不适用于入出境集装箱携带蝇、蚊、蠓的采集。___
A. 挥网法
B. 电动吸蚊器法
C. 直接捡取法
D. 二氧化碳诱蚊灯法
【单选题】
入境航空器应在______开始病媒生物监测。___
A. 卸货完成后
B. 抵达后
C. 等航空公司通知
D. 发现病媒生物时
【单选题】
进行集装箱携带输入性病媒生物监测时应准备的个人防护用品包括______。___
A. 乳胶手套、防护服
B. 防毒面具
C. 自给式呼吸器
D. 化学防护服
【单选题】
若要对采集到的输入性鼠类进行携带的病毒进行检测，取得其内脏器官的保存温度是_____。___
A. -80℃或以下
B. 0℃
C. 常温
D. 4℃-8℃
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
开展入境船舶输入性病媒生物监测工作中，在采集并保存病媒生物时由________陪同人员确认。___
A. 旅行社
B. 船方
C. 代理公司
D. 海事部门
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人，必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告，迅速查明原因，实施卫生处理。___
【单选题】
采用鼠夹法监测鼠密度，应连续布放______。___
【单选题】
______不属于口岸区域鼠类常用监测方法。___
A. 鼠笼法
B. 鼠夹法
C. 目测法
D. 粉迹法
【单选题】
采用粉迹法监测鼠类密度时，滑石粉块的尺寸是______。___
A. 20cm×20cm
B. 30cm×30cm
C. 40cm×40cm
D. 50cm×50cm
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫幼虫监测指标。___
A. 容器指数
B. 刺叮指数
C. 房屋指数
D. 布雷图指数
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫成虫监测方法。___
A. 人帐诱法
B. 人工小时法
C. 小黑板法
D. 诱蚊器收集法
【单选题】
______不属于蝇类成虫监测方法。___
A. 诱蝇笼诱捕法
B. 捕蝇网网捕法
C. 直接目测法
D. 路径指数法
【单选题】
啮齿动物的臼齿常具有_____。___
【单选题】
______是仓鼠科特征。___
A. 背部有背囊
B. 尾部有尾囊
C. 口中两侧有颊囊
D. 腹部腹面有腹囊
【单选题】
_______蜱类假头基通常为矩形。___
A. 花蜱属
B. 璃眼蜱属
C. 扇头蜱属
D. 异扇头蜱属
【单选题】
_________鉴别特征是：体型较大，前胸背板具褐色蝶形大斑，其后缘中央向后延伸不达后缘，且前缘具“T”型黄斑。___
A. 黑胸大蠊
B. 美洲大蠊
C. 德国小蠊
D. 褐斑大蠊
【单选题】
_________鉴别特征是：中胸侧板有垂直的侧板杆，无颊栉和前胸栉，后头鬃2列，前足第5跗节具3根刺形亚端腹鬃，受精囊为“C”型。___
A. 人蚤
B. 二齿新蚤
C. 印鼠客蚤
D. 犬栉首蚤
推荐试题
【判断题】
在结构图中，主要反映了零件形状、结构及各部分尺寸
【判断题】
接触网零件图的说明及技术要求主要介绍零件的用途使用方法、注意事项、外观质量要求及承受荷载的能力等
【判断题】
零件图上的尺寸是制造、测量和检验零件的重要依据
【判断题】
通过接触网平面布置图图例符号能反映所设计的内容
【判断题】
接触网零件按其用途主要可分为悬吊零件、定位零件、连接零件、锚固零件、补偿零件、支撑零件和电连接零件
【判断题】
接触网零件按零件的制造材料可分为铸黄铜件、可锻铸铁件、灰口铸铁件和普通碳素钢件、不锈钢件、铝合金件等
【判断题】
刚柔过渡切槽汇流排处于平衡状态，其前端4m内，不准布置柔性悬挂吊弦
【判断题】
接触网零部件材质选择要考虑提高零部件强度、防腐蚀性，避免不同材质零件配合引起的电腐蚀问题
【判断题】
接触网零件中常用的金属材料有：铸铜，灰铸铁件，马钢铸铁，普通碳素钢，铸铝合金和不锈钢等多种材料
【判断题】
钢件应符合GB/T700－1988的规定，牌号为Q235A
【判断题】
在接触网中许多零部件都用A3型钢制成，如螺栓、腕臂等
【判断题】
接触网零件是接触网系统的关节及纽带，任何接触网零部件的损坏，即意味着供电系统的破坏，使整体运行及供电系统陷入瘫痪
【判断题】
连接零件是起连接作用的零件。连接零件的作用是把机械装置连接或接续在一起，起整体接触及关节性的作用
【判断题】
一般悬挂形式采用链形悬挂，一般由2根承力索，2根接触线及辅助馈线组成，承力索、接触线均有补偿装置
【判断题】
支持装置用来支持悬挂，并将悬挂的负荷传递给支柱的装置
【判断题】
定位装置使接触线始终在受电弓滑板的工作范围内，保证良好取流，避免脱弓，造成事故
【判断题】
锲子的型号务必于补偿绳的型号相匹配，工作支应位于锲型线夹的直面侧，回头非工作支应位于锲型线夹的斜面侧
【判断题】
全补偿链形悬挂按支柱定位处吊弦形式分为全补偿简单链形悬挂和全补偿弹性链形悬挂
【判断题】
弹性支架形式是指一根（或几根）相互平行的接触线直接固定在支持装置上，支持装置采用弹性元件的悬挂方式
【判断题】
补偿装置是接触导线或承力索两端设置的随温度变化自动调节张力的装置
【判断题】
简单接触悬挂和链形接触悬挂均可以采用硬锚和张力补偿方式
【判断题】
在两端下锚而包括多个跨距的接触网线段称为锚段
【判断题】
接触线的"之"字值的大小由电力机车受电弓最大允许工作范围,线路情况,行车速度的等因素决定
【单选题】
办事公道是指从业人员在进行职业活时要做到___
A. 追求真理，坚持原则
B. 奉献社会，助人为乐
C. 公私分开，实事求事
D. 有求必应，服务热情
【单选题】
下列选项中没有正确表达职业道德范畴特点的是___
A. 范围上的有限性
B. 内容上的稳定性
C. 遵循上的随意性
D. 形式上的多样性
【单选题】
下列关于勤劳节俭的论述中，不正确的选项是___
A. 企业可提倡勤劳，但不宜提倡节俭
B. 一分钟应看成是八分钟
C. 1996年亚洲金融危机是“饱暖思淫欲”的结果
D. 节省一块钱。就等于净赚一块钱
【单选题】
关于创新的正确论述是___
A. 不墨守成规，但也不可标新立异
B. 企业经不起折腾，大胆的闯早晚会出问题
C. 创新是企业发展的动力
D. 创新需要灵感，但不需要情感
【单选题】
企业生产经营活动中，要求员工遵纪守法是___
A. 约束人的体现
B. 有经济活动决定的
C. 人为的规定
D. 追求利益的体现
【单选题】
企业员工在生产经营活动中，不符合平等尊重要求的是___
A. 真诚相待，一视同仁
B. 互相借鉴，取长补短
C. 长幼有序，尊卑有别
D. 男女平等，友爱情善
【单选题】
职工对企业诚实守信应该做到的是___
A. 忠诚所属企业，无论何种情况始终把企业的利益放在第一位
B. 维护企业信誉，树立质量意识和服务意识
C. 保守企业秘密，不对外谈论企业之事
D. 完成本职工作即可，谋划企业发展由有见识的人来做
【单选题】
在企业经营活动中，下列选项中的___不是职业道德功能的体现
A. 激励作用
B. 决策能力
C. 规范行为
D. 遵纪守法
【单选题】
下列不属于劳动合同内容的选项是___
A. 劳动合同期限，工作内容，劳动保护和劳动条件
B. 劳动报酬，劳动纪律，劳动合同终止条件
C. 违反劳动合同的责任
D. 劳动福利，社会保险，旅游活动，合同转让，劳务输出
【单选题】
婴儿最早出现的感觉是___
A. 视觉
B. 听觉
C. 嗅觉
D. 皮肤感觉
【单选题】
蛋白质缺乏会导致___
A. 某些皮肤病（如湿疹等）
B. 营养不良，生长发育缓慢，免疫力下降
C. 体重轻，易疲劳，头晕等
D. 消化缓慢，消化不良，便秘
【单选题】
下列不属于言语发生期三个阶段中的选项是___
A. 呀呀学语
B. 开始懂别人说话
C. 自己说词
D. 背诵诗词
