【简答题】
In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.
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1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。
相关试题
【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
________不属于鼠类及体表寄生虫携带的病原体。___
A. 鼠疫耶尔森菌
B. 汉坦病毒
C. 黄病毒属病毒
D. 致病性钩端螺旋体
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在24h内不能到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在_____。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物死体样本运送，如果在装箱后4h内能够到达实验室的，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在______。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
恰加斯病也称为美洲锥虫病，其重要的传播媒介是________。___
A. 采采蝇
B. 厩螫蝇
C. 锥蝽
D. 埃及伊蚊
【单选题】
_______是黑热病内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介。___
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
_______不适用于入出境集装箱携带蝇、蚊、蠓的采集。___
A. 挥网法
B. 电动吸蚊器法
C. 直接捡取法
D. 二氧化碳诱蚊灯法
【单选题】
入境航空器应在______开始病媒生物监测。___
A. 卸货完成后
B. 抵达后
C. 等航空公司通知
D. 发现病媒生物时
【单选题】
进行集装箱携带输入性病媒生物监测时应准备的个人防护用品包括______。___
A. 乳胶手套、防护服
B. 防毒面具
C. 自给式呼吸器
D. 化学防护服
【单选题】
若要对采集到的输入性鼠类进行携带的病毒进行检测，取得其内脏器官的保存温度是_____。___
A. -80℃或以下
B. 0℃
C. 常温
D. 4℃-8℃
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
开展入境船舶输入性病媒生物监测工作中，在采集并保存病媒生物时由________陪同人员确认。___
A. 旅行社
B. 船方
C. 代理公司
D. 海事部门
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人，必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告，迅速查明原因，实施卫生处理。___
【单选题】
采用鼠夹法监测鼠密度，应连续布放______。___
【单选题】
______不属于口岸区域鼠类常用监测方法。___
A. 鼠笼法
B. 鼠夹法
C. 目测法
D. 粉迹法
【单选题】
采用粉迹法监测鼠类密度时，滑石粉块的尺寸是______。___
A. 20cm×20cm
B. 30cm×30cm
C. 40cm×40cm
D. 50cm×50cm
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫幼虫监测指标。___
A. 容器指数
B. 刺叮指数
C. 房屋指数
D. 布雷图指数
【单选题】
______不属于蚊虫成虫监测方法。___
A. 人帐诱法
B. 人工小时法
C. 小黑板法
D. 诱蚊器收集法
【单选题】
______不属于蝇类成虫监测方法。___
A. 诱蝇笼诱捕法
B. 捕蝇网网捕法
C. 直接目测法
D. 路径指数法
推荐试题
【单选题】
在信贷资金总量一定的情况下，信贷资金周转速度、流动性、安全性、效益性的关系是___。
A. 周转速度快，流动性就越强，安全性就越能得保证。但效益性较差
B. 周转速度快，流动性就越强，安全性就差，效益性较差
C. 周转速度慢，流动性就越差，安全性也就越差，效益性较差
D. 周转速度慢，流动性就越差，安全性也就越好，效益性较好
【单选题】
以下措施不能提高商业银行经营流动性和安全性的是___。
A. 存贷款期限结构匹配
B. 提高存货周转速度
C. 提高应收账款的周转速度
D. 提高二级市场股票的换手频率
【单选题】
下列属于直接融资的行为有___。
A. 何某向工商银行借款100000 元专门用于其企业的工程结算
B. A 公司向B 公司投入资金8000000 元，并占有B 公司30%的股份
C. A 公司通过融资机构向B 公司借款600000 元
D. 何某通过金融机构借入资金120000 元
【单选题】
下列不属于借款申请需明确内容的是。___
A. 基本情况
B. 贷款品种
C. 贷款利率
D. 贷款金额
【单选题】
下列关于贷款种类说法，错误的是___
A. 按照贷款币种可分为人民币贷款和外币贷款
B. 按照贷款期限可分为短期贷款和中长期贷款
C. 按照贷款对象可分为生产企业贷款和外商投资企业贷款
D. 按照贷款利率可分为浮动利率贷款和固定利率贷款
【单选题】
下列不属于间接融资的行为有___。
A. 文小姐向银行借款10 万元专门用于其房屋装修
B. A 公司购入B 公司20%的股权，价值80 万元
C. 赵小姐春节期间通过信用卡透支了2 万元购买年货
D. 郑先生通过银行贷款购买了一辆车
【单选题】
调查的基本要求：熟知客户和客户的业务，取得必要的客户信息资料和信贷业务信息资料，并核实资料的___。
A. 真实性
B. 完成性
C. 可操作性
D. 全面性
【单选题】
商业银行在信贷过程中保持贷款种类和期限的多样化是为了保持信贷的___。
A. 效益性
B. 流动性
C. 安全性
D. 自主性
【单选题】
企业向银行借款属于____，发行债券、股票属于____。___
A. 直接融资；间接融资
B. 间接投资；直接投资
C. 间接融资；直接融资
D. 直接投资；间接投资
【单选题】
关于商业银行“安全性、流动性和效益性原则”的说法，不正确的是___。
A. 为了保证贷款的安全性，商业银行需要合理安排贷款的种类和期限
B. 在信贷资金总量一定的情况下，资金的周转速度加快，效益性相应较差
C. 在贷款规模一定的情况下，一般贷款期限越长，收益越大
D. 贷款期限越长，安全性越高
【单选题】
按贷款用途划分，公司信贷的种类不包括___
A. 基本建设贷款
B. 技术改造贷款
C. 流动资金贷款
D. 自营贷款
【单选题】
___是指特定产品要素组合下的信贷服务方式，主要包括贷款、担保、承兑、信用支持、保函、信用证和承诺等。
A. 交易对象
B. 信贷产品
C. 信贷金额
D. 信贷期限
【单选题】
银行市场细分是根据___差异对市场进行的划分。
A. 信贷产品
B. 卖方银行
C. 买方客户
D. 信贷市场
【单选题】
贷放分控是指银行业金融机构将___作为两个独立的业务环节。
A. 贷前申请与贷款审批
B. 贷款审批与贷款发放
C. 贷款发放与贷款清偿
D. 贷款申请与贷款清偿
【单选题】
除贷款外，商业银行的资金一般主要用于___。
A. 结算业务
B. 代理业务
C. 存款业务
D. 资金业务
【单选题】
___是银行在商业汇票上签章承诺按出票人指示到期付款的行为。
A. 承兑
B. 担保
C. 贷款
D. 公司信贷
【单选题】
在银行流动资金贷前调查报告中，借款人财务状况不包括___。
A. 流动资金数额和周转速度
B. 主要客户、供应商和分销渠道
C. 资产负债比率
D. 存货净值和周转速度
【单选题】
公司信贷的借款人指___
A. 经工商行政管理机关(或主管机关)核准登记的自然人
B. 经行政机关核准登记的企(事)业法人
C. 经行政机关核准登记的自然人
D. 经工商行政管理机关(或主管机关)核准登记的企(事)业法人
【单选题】
贷前调查中最常用、最重要的方法，同时也是在一般情况下必须采用的方法是___。
A. 现场调研
B. 搜寻调查
C. 委托调查
D. 突击检查
【单选题】
影响行业的外部因素不包括___
A. 国民经济
B. 外部经济
C. 国家政策
D. 企业自身规模效益
【单选题】
银行在对客户进行借款需求分析时，不需要关注的是___。
A. 企业的借款需求原因，即所借款项的用途
B. 企业的还款来源
C. 企业还款的可靠程度
D. 公司的治理结构
【单选题】
以下导致企业流动资产增加的因素不包括___。
A. 季节性销售增长
B. 长期销售增长
C. 资产效率下降
D. 债务重构
【单选题】
主营业务指标通常指主营业务收入占___的比重。
A. 营业额
B. 总资本
C. 全部利润
D. 销售收入总额
【单选题】
以下关于流动比率和企业资产的变现能力关系的说法中，正确的是___
A. 流动比率越高，说明企业资产的变现能力越强
B. 流动比率越高，说明企业资产的变现能力越弱
C. 流动比率越低，说明企业资产的变现能力越强
D. 流动比率与企业资产的变现能力没有关系
【单选题】
以下各项中不能反映应收账款的营运能力的是___。
A. 应收账款周转率
B. 应收账款回收期
C. 应收账款账龄
D. 应收账款余额
【单选题】
以下不属于所有者权益项目的是___
A. 未分配利润
B. 资本公积
C. 盈余公积
D. 流动资产
【单选题】
法人贷款业务，申请信贷业务的客户应当是经___核准登记的企业（事业）法人其他经济组织。
A. 工商行政管理机关（或主管机关）
B. 国税局
C. 人民银行
D. 农村信用社
【单选题】
下列因素与借款人的偿债能力无关的是___。
A. 盈利能力
B. 营运能力
C. 资本结构
D. 产品竞争力
【单选题】
下列关于资产负债率的论述中，错误的是___
A. 资产负债率=负债合计÷资产合计×100%
B. 资产负债率=资产合计÷负债合计×100%
C. 资产负债率反映项目各年负债水平、财务风险及偿债能力
D. 银行从债权安全的角度考虑，总希望借款人的负债水平低一点
【单选题】
下列公式中，不能反映存货周转速度的是___
A. 销货成本/平均存货余额×100%
B. 存货平均余额×计算期天数/销货成本
C. 计算期天数/存货周转次数
D. (期初存货余额+期末存货余额)/2
【单选题】
下列不属于资产负债表的基本内容的是___
A. 资产
B. 负债
C. 资本结构
D. 所有者权益
【单选题】
下列不属于企业财务状况风险的是___
A. 借款人在银行的存款有较大幅度下降
B. 应收账款异常增加
C. 流动资产占总资产比重下降
D. 短期负债增加适当，长期负债大量增加
【单选题】
所有者权益代表投资者对企业___所有权。
A. 全部资产
B. 全部负债
C. 净资产
D. 流动资产
【单选题】
商业银行对借款人最关心的就是其现在和未来的___。
A. 技术水平
B. 销售业绩
C. 偿债能力
D. 信息披露
【单选题】
一般企业贷款操作流程：___
A. 建立正式客户-评级-授信-申请贷款-发放贷款
B. 建立正式客户-授信-评级-申请贷款-发放贷款
C. 建立正式客户-申请贷款-评级-授信-发放贷款
D. 建立正式客户-申请贷款-授信-评级-发放贷款
【单选题】
借款人盈利能力的比率通过___反映。
A. 效率比率
B. 杠杆比率
C. 流动比率
D. 营业利润率
【单选题】
借款人还款能力的主要标志就是___。
A. 借款人的现金流量是否充足
B. 借款人的资产负债比率是否足够低
C. 借款人的管理水平是否很高
D. 借款人的销售收入和利润是否足够高
【单选题】
到的比率。___
A. 平均存货余额，销货收入
B. 销货收入，平均存货余额
C. 销货成本，平均存货余额
D. 平均存货余额，销货成本
【单选题】
反映客户长期偿债能力的比率是___
A. 流动比率
B. 资产负债率
C. 净利润率
D. 速动比率
