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21. 最高车速是指在___汽车能达到的最高行驶车速。
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水平良好的路面上
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22. 行驶阻力有___、空气阻力、加速阻力和坡度阻力。
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23. 汽车支承通过性评价指标是牵引系数、牵引效率及___。
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24. 汽车平顺性试验的主要内容包括汽车悬挂系统的刚度、阻尼和惯性参数的测定、悬挂系统部分固有频率和阻尼比的测定、___、在实际随机输入路面上的平顺性试验、汽车驶过凸块输入平顺性试验。
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25. 汽车操纵稳定性的路上试验包括低速行驶转向轻便性试验、稳态转向特性试验、瞬态横摆响应试验、汽车回正能力试验、转向盘角脉冲试验、___。
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26. 汽车前、后轮侧偏角应当包括弹性侧偏角、侧倾转向角、___。
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27. 汽车试验中的性能评价有___和客观评价两种方法。
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28. 附着系数的数值主要决定于___、路面的状况与轮胎结构、胎面花纹、材料以及汽车运动的速度等因素。
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29. 影响驾驶性能的因素有:发动机的排量、气缸的数目、___以及传动系的刚度等。
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30. 前、后轮地面法向反作用力是由静态轴荷反作用力,动态分量,___和滚动阻力偶矩四部分组成。
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31. 汽车的加速时间表示汽车的___。
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32. 行驶阻力有滚动阻力___、加速阻力和坡度阻力。
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33. 汽车通过性分为___和几何通过性。
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34. 汽车平顺性试验的主要内容包括汽车悬挂系统的刚度、阻尼和惯性参数的测定、悬挂系统部分固有频率和阻尼比的测定、汽车振动系统频率响应函数的测定、___、汽车驶过凸块输入平顺性试验。
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35. 汽车的侧翻大体上可分为两类,一类是___,另一类是绊倒侧翻。
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36. 瞬态响应中的几个参数是:___,阻尼比ζ,反应时间て。
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37. 汽车试验中的性能评价有主观评价和___两种方法。
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38. 附着系数的数值主要决定于道路的材料、___与轮胎结构、胎面花纹、材料以及汽车运动的速度等因素。
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39. 影响驾驶性能的因素有:发动机的排量、气缸的数目、最小传动比或最高挡时发动机转速与车速的比值,以及___等。
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40. 前、后轮地面法向反作用力是由静态轴荷反作用力,动态分量,空气升力和___ 四部分组成。
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41. 原地起步加速时间指汽车由___起步,并以最大的加速度逐步换至最高挡后到某一预定的距离或车速所需的时间。
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42. 行驶阻力有滚动阻力、空气阻力、___和坡度阻力。
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43. 汽车通过性分为支承通过性和___。
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44. 汽车平顺性试验的主要内容包括汽车悬挂系统的刚度、阻尼和惯性参数的测定、悬挂系统部分固有频率和阻尼比的测定、汽车振动系统频率响应函数的测定、在实际随机输入路面上的平顺性试验、___。
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45. 汽车的侧翻可分为两类,一类是曲线运动引起的侧翻,另一类是___。
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46. 瞬态响应中的几个参数是:横摆角ωr波动时的固有频率ωo,___,反应时间て。
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47. 在制动试验中,路面试验的主要仪器为___、减速度计和压力传感器。
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48. 附着系数的数值主要决定于道路的材料、路面的状况与___、胎面花纹、材料以及汽车运动的速度等因素。
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49. 驱动轮地面法向反作用力与汽车的___、车身形状、行驶状况及道路的坡度有关。
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50. 提高发动机经济性的主要途径为:提高现有发动机的___、扩大柴油发动机的应用范围、增压化、广泛采用电子计算机控制技术。
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51. 原地起步加速时间指汽车由Ⅰ挡或Ⅱ挡起步,并以最大的加速度逐步换至最高挡后到某一预定的___所需的时间。
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52.行驶阻力有滚动阻力、空气阻力、加速阻力和___。
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53.间隙失效分为:___、触头失效和托尾失效。
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54、汽车操纵稳定性的路上试验包括___、稳态转向特性试验、瞬态横摆响应试验、汽车回正能力试验、转向盘角脉冲试验、转向盘中间位置操纵稳定性试验。
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55.切向反作用力控制可分为三种类型:___,前、后轮间切身力分配比例的控制,内、外侧车轮间切身力分配的控制。
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56.瞬态响应中的几个参数是:横摆角ωr波动时的固有频率ωo,阻尼比ζ,___,达到第一峰值ωr1的时间ε。
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57.在制动试验中,路面试验的主要仪器为第五车轮、___和压力传感器。
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58.附着系数的数值主要决定于道路的材料、路面的状况与轮胎结构、___、材料以及汽车运动的速度等因素。
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59.驱动轮地面法向反作用力与汽车的总体布置、___、行驶状况及道路的坡度有关。
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60.提高发动机经济性的主要途径为:提高现有发动机的热效率和机械效率、扩大___的应用范围、增压化、广泛采用电子计算机控制技术。
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61. 超车加速时间是指用___由某一较低车速全力加速至某一高速所需的时间。
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【单选题】
Q2: According to the passage, what is considered as bad luck?___
A. Walking under a ladder .
B. Dreaming of a black cat .
C. Hanging a mirror in the house .
D. Stepping on one's own shadow .
【单选题】
Q3: Why is it considered bad luck to see a black cat crossing one’s path?___
A. Because black cats look like witches . e witches .
B. Because black cats were thought to be witches .
C. Because black cats bring seven years of bad luck .
D. Because black cats are hard to notice in darkness .
【单选题】
Q4: According to the passage, what will bring people good luck?___
A. Breaking a mirror on purpose .
B. Catching a falling leaf on one's birthday .
C. Finding a on the ground and picking it up .
D. Dreaming of blowing out the candles in one blow .
【单选题】
Q1: How long will the woman spend on her way to and from work by high-speed train?___
A. 4 hours .
B. 2 hours .
C. 1.5 hours .
D. 45 minutes .
【单选题】
Q2: When does the woman arrive back home by subway?___
A. At 8 .
B. At 7 .
C. At 6 .
D. At 5 .
【单选题】
Q3: According to the woman, in what way will the new high-speed train be a big help to her?___
A. She can either read or rest a little on the  train .
B. She can read and respond to emails onthe  train .
C. She can travel to many different parts of  the city .
D. She can go shopping on her way home  from work .
【单选题】
Q4: How will the new high-speed train affect the man?___
A. He can take the train to the old part of the  city .
B. He can save a lot of money when he takes  the train .
C. He can save 20 minutes to go to work with  the train .
D. He can take the train to the airport instead  of driving .
【单选题】
Q1: How much time on average do Americans spend on their way to work?___
A. About an hour .
B. More than an hour .
C. About half an hour .
D. More than one and a half hours .
【单选题】
Q2: What is the present situation about Americans’ commuting to work?___
A. More and more Americans spend over an  hour getting to work .
B. Over 10 percent of Americans spend less  than an hour getting to work .
C. Only New York people spend more than  90 minutes getting to work .
D. Over 10 percent of Americans spend more  than 90 minutes getting to work .
【单选题】
Q3: Why does Steven choose to have an extreme commute?___
A. Because gas prices are not high .
B. Because the commute is not tiring .
C. Because he can attend a better school .
D. Because he can have his favorite lifestyle .
【单选题】
Q4: Which of the following is the disadvantage of long commutes?___
A. Traffic jams .
B. Expensive housing .
C. Poorer life quality .
D. A tiring and boring trip .
【单选题】
Q1: What did Katy like about Jason’s last Halloween party?___
A. She liked playing an interesting game .
B. She enjoyed seeing many of her old friends .
C. She enjoyed wearing her Halloween costume .
D. She liked the decorations in Jason's front yard .
【单选题】
Q2: What is the actual reason that Katy doesn’t want to attend Jason’s party?___
A. None of her friends likes Jason .
B. None of Jason's guests is young .
C. She wants to go to Linda's party ..
D. She went to Jason's party last year .
【单选题】
Q3: What is special about Linda’s party?___
A. The party will last four hours .
B. Six people will attend the party .
C. They will have huge bags of candy .
D. They will play a new game called "GuessWho ".
【单选题】
Q4: What will Katy do to solve her problem?___
A. Go to Jason's party .
B. Go to Linda's party .
C. Attend both Jason's and Linda's parties .
D. Celebrate Halloween with her parents .
【单选题】
Q1: What is special about this year’s Black Friday shopping?___
A. Some stores offered bigger holiday discounts .
B. Some stores provided more choices of nightlife.
C. Some stores made efforts to attract young people .
D. Some stores opened much earlier than they used  to .
【单选题】
Q2: Why did some stores open at midnight on Thanksgiving night?___
A. To attract young customers .
B. To beat other stores for sale.
C. To let people sleep late the next day .
D. To keep people stay up for the night .
【单选题】
Q3: How many Black Friday shoppers were reported to go to the shops at midnight this year?___
A. 24 percent .
B. 37 percent .
C. 9.5 percent .
D. 23.5 percent .
【单选题】
Q4: What can we learn about the 15-year-old Jenny?___
A. She and her cousins went back home at midnight .
B. She liked the traditional 4 a.m. Black Friday.
C. She preferred midnight shopping to early  morning shopping .
D. She and her cousins got up very early to buy  discounted items .
【单选题】
Q1: Why did the woman decide to do a triathlon?___
A. Because she did it in college .
B. Because she wanted to be tough .
C. Because her sister did it and liked it .
D. Because her sister said it was good for her .
【单选题】
Q2: When did the man first do a triathlon?___
A. Last year .
B. In college .
C. Last week .
D. In high school .
【单选题】
Q3: How does the man feel about running?___
A. Boring.
B. Scaring .
C. Exciting .
D. Interesting .
【单选题】
Q4: Why doesn’t the woman like swimming in the triathlon?___
A. Because she fears that a big fish might eat  her .
B. Because she fears that she would get lost in  lakes .
C. Because she doesn't want to scare away  small fishes .
D. Because she doesn't like swimming with  many people .
【单选题】
Q1: What is the ratio of positive to negative emotions that can make a person happier?___
A. 1:3.
B. 3 :1.
C. 1 :10 .
D. 10 :1.
【单选题】
Q2: What is the most exciting finding about increasing positive emotions?___
A. It improves relationships .
B. It leads to greater success .
C. It helps develop creativity .
D. It contributes to good health .
【单选题】
Q3: What does the speaker say about negative feelings?___
A. People should turn every negative feeling  around .
B. Negative feelings can sometimes have  positive effects .
C. Negative feelings often cause people to  make mistakes .
D. People should never show negative feelings  in public places .
【单选题】
Q4: What is the main idea of the passage?___
A. People should learn to manage their  emotions .
B. People should be patient with their  negative feelings .
C. People should learn to analyze causes of  unhappiness .
D. People should identify as many positive  feelings as possible .
【单选题】
Q1: What are the man and woman talking about?___
A. Whether nature is magical and kind .
B. Whether nature is powerful and full of risks .
C. Whether Christopher was well prepared for the trip .
D. Whether Christopher's trip to Alaska was  worthwhile .
【单选题】
Q2: What can we learn about Christopher?___
A. He made a film about his trip to Alaska .
B. He wrote a story about his trip to Alaska .
C. He died while having an adventure in Alaska .
D. He learned how powerful and risky Alaska was .
【单选题】
Q3: What does the woman think about Christopher taking the trip to Alaska?___
A. He was too foolish .
B. He was really romantic .
C. He had a very kind heart .
D. He had a spirit for trying things .
【单选题】
Q4: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as something that would have saved Christopher’s life?___
A. A gun to hunt .
B. The map of the area .
C. Emergency food supplies .
D.
E. mergency communication equipment .
【单选题】
Q1: What speed can an avalanche reach within five seconds of taking off?___
A. At 8 miles an hour .
B. At 18 miles an hour .
C. At 80 miles an hour .
D. At 88 miles an hour .
【单选题】
Q2: According to the passage, under what circumstances may an avalanche occur?___
A. There are too many layers of snow on the  .
B. There is a layer of snow covering an entire  area .
C. The top layer of snow slides off the layer  below it .
D. The layer of snow below the surface  becomes unstable .
【单选题】
Q3: What are skiers advised to do to avoid being caught in an avalanche?___
A. Ski only in the official ski areas .
B. Look for solid snow to walk on .
C. Look out for each other while skiing .
D. Learn to control themselves in an  avalanche .
【单选题】
Q4: Why does the ski patrol use explosives?___
A. To dig holes in the snow .
B. To close the area for skiing .
C. To make an avalanche move on purpose .
D. To' check how different layers are holding  up .
【单选题】
Q1:What is conversation mainly about?___
A. The woman's happy college life the  man's doubt .
B. The woman's spending habits and the  man's concerns .
C. The man's reminding the woman of the  exam this Thursday .
D. The man's support for the woman over the  past 15 years .
【单选题】
Q2:What did the woman do last night?___
A. She bought a new leather coat .
B. She studied very hard for an exam .
C. She treated all her friends to dinner .
D. She went to a concert with her friends .
【单选题】
Q3:Where did the woman get the money?___
A. She just received her student loan .
B. She saved some money for herself .
C. She borrowed the money from her friends .
D. She asked her mom to send her the money .
【单选题】
Q4:What is the man?___
A. A teacher of biology .
B. An undergraduate student .
C. A freshman in biology class .
D. A graduate teaching assistant .
【单选题】
Q1: What is this passage mainly about?___
A. How businesses can compete with each  other .
B. How small businesses operate during  holidays .
C. How small businesses manage holiday  workers .
D. How can earn more money  during holidays .
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