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【单选题】
《银团贷款业务指引》规定,在银团贷款中,借款人提前还款的,应至少在最近一个预定还款日的___个营业日前通知代理行。
A. 15
B. 30
C. 60
D. 90
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答案
C
解析
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相关试题
【单选题】
公司信贷是商业银行主要的盈利来源,下列关于贷款利润、贷款价格与贷款需求三者的关系说法正确的是___。
A. 贷款价格高,单笔利润高,贷款需求增加
B. 贷款价格低,单笔利润低,贷款需求增加
C. 贷款价格高,单笔利润低,贷款需求减少
D. 贷款价格高,单笔利润低,贷款需求增加
【单选题】
公司信贷银行营销组织设立的原则不包括___。
A. 因事设职与因人设职相结合
B. 权责对等
C. 各负其责
D. 命令统一
【单选题】
关于成长阶段企业信贷风险分析不正确的是___。
A. 有能力偿还资本贷款和固定资产贷款
B. 销售增长和产品开发有可能导致偿付风险
C. 必须进行细致的信贷分析
D. 成长阶段的企业代表中等程度的风险
【单选题】
关于流动性的说法,不正确的是___。
A. 流动比率、存量存贷比率、增量存贷比率是衡量目标区域流动性的指标
B. 过高的流动性可能意味着资金利用效率不足,信贷经营处于低效率中
C. 流动性过高或过低都可能意味着区域风险的下降
D. 过低的流动性意味着资金周转不畅或出现信贷资金固化
【单选题】
关于影响贷款价格的主要因素,以下说法错误的是___。
A. 借款人的信用越好,贷款风险越小,贷款价格也应越低
B. 当贷款供大于求时,贷款价格应当提高;当贷款供不应求时,贷款价格应当适当降低
C. 贷款收益率目标直接影响到银行总体盈利目标的实现。在贷款定价时,必须考虑能否在总体上实现银行的贷款收益
D. 为弥补非预期损失,贷款要占用一定的经济资本,经济资本是用来承担非预期损失和保持正常经营所需的成本
【单选题】
以下对借款人权利描述中错的是___。
A. 可以自主向主办银行或其他银行的经办机构申请贷款并依条件取得贷款
B. 有权按合同约定提取和使用全部贷款
C. 有权拒绝借款合同以外的附加条件
D. 有权自主向第三人转让债务
【单选题】
借款人的损益表分析通常采用___。
A. 趋势分析法
B. 结构分析法
C. 比率分析法
D. 比较分析法
【单选题】
借款人还款能力的主要标志就是___。
A. 借款人的现金流量是否充足
B. 借款人的资产负债比率是否足够低
C. 借款人的管理水平是否很高
D. 借款人的销售收入和利润是否足够高
【单选题】
借款人盈利能力的比率通过___反映。
A. 效率比率
B. 杠杆比率
C. 流动比率
D. 营业利润率
【单选题】
竞争性进入威胁的严重程度取决于___。
A. 进入新领域的障碍大小与预期现有企业对于进入者的反应情况
B. 替代品的威胁
C. 买方的讨价还价能力
D. 供方的讨价还价能力
【单选题】
竞争者对新产品的影响和排挤较小时,银行可以采取___,吸引对价格不太敏感的客户。
A. 薄利多销定价策略
B. 高额定价策略
C. 关系定价策略
D. 渗透定价策略
【单选题】
决定整个市场长期的内在吸引力的力量不包括___。
A. 相关行业竞争者
B. 客户选择能力
C. 替代产品
D. 潜在的新竞争者
【单选题】
某公司第一年的销售收入为100 万元,销售成本比率为40%;第二年的销售收入为200 万元,销售成本比率为50%,则销售成本比率的增加消耗掉了___万元的现金。
A. 60
B. 50
C. 40
D. 20
【单选题】
某企业向银行申请短期季节性融资,银行经借款需求分析,发现该企业比以往季节性融资时所持现金少很多,原因是该企业新近购买了一台长期设备,此时银行应向企业提供___。
A. 短期贷款
B. 长期贷款
C. 固定资产贷款
D. 长、短期贷款相结合的贷款
【单选题】
某项目总资产1500 万元,流动资产450 万元,流动负债180 万元,存货300 万元。根据流动资金估算的资产负债表法,该项目流动资金需用量为___万元。
A. 150
B. 270
C. 120
D. 1320
【单选题】
对客户现金流量和盈利性分析,包括财务预测和敏感性分析主要是分析客户的___。
A. 短期偿还能力
B. 长期偿还能力
C. 资金来源
D. 负债情况
【单选题】
强调产品组合的深度和关联性,产品组合的宽度一般较小的产品组合策略的形式是___。
A. 全线全面型
B. 市场专业型
C. 产品线专业型
D. 特殊产品专业型
【单选题】
如果某公司的固定资产使用率___,就意味着投资和借款需求很快将会上升,具体由____决定。___
A. 小于20%或30%;行业技术变化比率
B. 小于20%或30%;设备使用年限
C. 大于60%或70%;行业技术变化比率
D. 大于60%或70%;设备使用年限
【单选题】
如果某公司固定资产的累计折旧为50 万元,总固定资产为100万元,总折旧固定资产为80 万元,则该公司的固定资产使用率为___。
A. 62.5%
B. 50%
C. 80%
D. 1
【单选题】
商业银行对借款人最关心的就是___。
A. 借款人财务信息的质量
B. 借款人的家庭背景
C. 借款人的商业经验
D. 借款人的现在和未来的偿债能力
【单选题】
商业银行对借款人最关心的就是其现在和未来的___。
A. 技术水平
B. 销售业绩
C. 偿债能力
D. 信息披露
【单选题】
商业银行在评级时主要考虑的因素不包括___。
A. 借款人的家庭背景
B. 财务报表分析结果
C. 借款人财务信息的质量
D. 借款人所在国家
【单选题】
通过对财务数据进行确认比较分析,掌握客户财务状况,预测未来发展趋势,以考察其___。
A. 偿债能力
B. 管理能力
C. 经营能力
D. 经营环境
【单选题】
申请信贷业务的客户应当具备以下哪种主要条件___。
A. 必须在农村信用社有存款余额。
B. 信贷业务用途明确、合法
C. 在他行无贷款记录
D. 在他行无担保记录
【单选题】
客户经理应对材料的完整性、合法性、规范性、真实性和有效性进行初步___。
A. 调查
B. 审查
C. 审议
D. 审批
【单选题】
下列不属于企业财务状况风险的是___。
A. 借款人在银行的存款有较大幅度下降
B. 应收账款异常增加
C. 流动资产占总资产比重下降
D. 短期负债增加失当,长期负债大量增加
【单选题】
下列对现金流量的理解,正确的是___。
A. 是存量的概念,反映一段时间内现金的发生额
B. 主要讨论现金及现金等价物之间的变动
C. 可分为经营活动的现金流量、投资活动的现金流量和融资活动的现金流量
D. 计算时,要以资产负债表为基础,根据损益表期初期末的变动数调整
【单选题】
客户申请可以是客户主动到农信社申请信贷业务,也可以是农信社主动向客户营销信贷业务,请___提出信贷申请。
A. 客户
B. 客户经理
C. 农村信用社
D. 担保人
【单选题】
授信业务,是指县级行社在授信额度项下,对客户提供的各类表内外信用业务,但不包括___业务。
A. 理财
B. 贷款
C. 票据承兑
D. 贴现
【单选题】
下列关于借款需求和借款目的的说法,不正确的是___。
A. 借款需求是指公司对现金的需求超过了公司的现金储备,从而需要借款
B. 未分配利润增加会产生借款需求
C. 借款目的主要指借款用途
D. 一般来说,长期贷款用于长期融资的目的
【单选题】
下列关于企业流动比率的说法,正确的是___。
A. 流动比率也称酸性测验比率
B. 流动比率=流动资产/(流动资产+流动负债)
C. 流动比率反映了企业用来偿还负债的能力
D. 企业的流动比率越高越好
【单选题】
下列关于区域风险的说法,错误的是___。
A. 区域风险是指受特定区域的自然、社会、经济、文化和银行管理水平等因素影响,而使信贷资产遭受损失的可能性
B. 区域风险包括外部因素引发的区域风险
C. 区域风险包括内部因素导致的区域风险
D. 区域风险表现为利率风险、清算风险、汇率风险
【单选题】
下列关于区域经济政策对信贷风险的影响,说法正确的是___。
A. 通常国家重点支持地区的信贷风险相对较低
B. 国家重点发展区域之外的地区,银行贷款风险较高
C. 在评价区域政策时,应充分重点吸收学者专家的意见
D. 在评价区域政策时,要把握银行战略导向,有计划而为
【单选题】
下列关于区域市场化程度和法制框架对信贷风险的影响,说法正确的是___。
A. 市场的成熟完善与否,间接影响到区域发展的快慢
B. 通常情况下,市场化程度越高,区域风险越高
C. 不同区域的法律制度体系完善程度不同,但其对区域风险的影响大同小异
D. 法律制度框架完善的区域,贷款回收能得到有效保障,区域风险相对较低
【单选题】
下列属于银行市场定位中的产品定位手段是___。
A. 设计特色办公楼
B. 设计专用字体
C. 提供增值服务
D. 设计户外广告
【单选题】
下列选项不能反映借款人盈利能力的比率的有___。
A. 销售利润率
B. 营业利润率
C. 税前利润率和净利润率
D. 负债与所有者权益比率
【单选题】
下列因素不会导致行业中现有企业之间竞争加剧的是___。
A. 行业进入障碍较低
B. 产品需求增长迅速
C. 用户转换成本很低
D. 退出障碍较高
【单选题】
信贷经营中,对区域风险影响最大、最直接的因素为___。
A. 区域自然条件
B. 区域市场化程度与法制框架
C. 区域产业结构
D. 区域经济发展水平
【单选题】
客户经理应对客户的___信贷业务的风险状况等进行全面评价,并形成综合性评价意见。
A. 整体资信状况
B. 关系网络
C. 学历
D. 家庭状况
【单选题】
《商业银行授信工作尽职指引》所指授信对象是指___。
A. 自然人
B. 非自然人
C. 自然人和非自然人
D. 个人和公司
推荐试题
【单选题】
___
A. 事物的联系是普遍的、无条件的
B. 事物的联系是现实的、具体的
C. 事物的运动是客观的、绝对的
D. 事物发展的根本原因是事物的内部矛盾
【单选题】
“割下来的手就不再是人手”这句话体现了___
A. 形而上学片面的、孤立的观点
B. 辩证法普遍联系的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 诡辩论的观点
【单选题】
唯物辩证法认为发展的实质是___
A. 事物数量的增加
B. 事物根本性质的变化
C. 事物的一切运动变化
D. 新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡
【单选题】
区分新事物和旧事物的标志在于看它们___
A. 是不是在新的历史条件下出现的
B. 是不是符合事物发展规律、有强大生命力
C. 是不是具有新形式和新特点
D. 是不是得到绝大多数人的承认
【单选题】
质量互变规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋势
【单选题】
质和事物的存在是___
A. 相互对立的
B. 相互包含的
C. 直接同一的
D. 相互转化的
【单选题】
在实际工作中,要注意掌握分寸,防止“过”或“不及”,其关键在于___
A. 抓住事物的主要矛盾
B. 确定事物的质
C. 认识事物的量
D. 把握事物的度
【单选题】
区分量变和质变的根本标志是看___
A. 事物的变化是否显著
B. 事物的变化是否迅速
C. 事物的某些属性是否发生了变化
D. 事物的变化是否超出度的范围
【单选题】
量变的复杂性是指___
A. 量变的程度发展不同
B. 量变形式的多样性和总的量变过程中有部分质变
C. 质变中有量的扩张
D. 量变有在度的范围内的变化和突破度的范围的变化
【单选题】
量变中的阶段性部分质变表现了___
A. 事物内部各部分之间变化的不平衡性
B. 事物整体与某些构成部分之间变化的不平衡性
C. 事物与事物之间变化的不平衡性
D. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化的不平衡性
【单选题】
量变中的局部性部分质变是___
A. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化不平衡性的表现
B. 事物的各个部分之间变化不平衡性的表现
C. 事物的内部矛盾和外部条件变化不平衡性的表现
D. 事物的量和质变化不平衡性的表现
【单选题】
揭示事物发展的趋势和道路的规律是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展规律
【单选题】
“肯定和否定相互渗透,在一定意义上,肯定就是否定。”这是一种___
A. 相对主义诡辩论的观点
B. 唯物辩证法的观点
C. 主观唯心主义的观点
D. 形而上学的观点
【单选题】
事物的否定方面是指___
A. 事物的积极方面
B. 事物的消极方面
C. 事物中维持其存在的方面
D. 事物中促使其灭亡的方面
【单选题】
作为辩证的否定的“扬弃”是___
A. 既保留又继承
B. 彻底抛弃
C. 既克服又保留
D. 矛盾的调和
【单选题】
辩证的否定是事物发展的环节,因为辩证的否定___
A. 把旧事物完全抛弃
B. 使旧事物发生量变
C. 是新事物产生、旧事物灭亡
D. 是从外部强加给事物的
【单选题】
否定之否定规律___
A. 在事物完成一个发展周期时才能完整地表现出来
B. 在事物发展过程中任何一点上都可以表现出来
C. 在事物经过量变和质变两种状态后表现出来
D. 在事物发展过程中经过肯定和否定两个阶段表现出来
【单选题】
事物发展的周期性体现了___
A. 事物发展的直线性与曲折性的统一
B. 事物发展是一个不断地回到出发点的运动
C. 事物发展的周而复始的循环性
D. 事物发展的前进性和曲折性的统一
【单选题】
直线论的错误在于只看到___
A. 事物发展的周期性而否认了前进性
B. 事物发展的前进性而否认了曲折性
C. 事物发展的间接性而否认了连续性
D. 事物发展的曲折性而否认了周期性
【单选题】
循环论的错误在于___
A. 只看到事物发展的普遍性,没有看到事物发展过程的特殊性
B. 只看到事物的绝对运动,没有看到事物的相对静止
C. 只看到事物发展道路的曲折性,没有看到事物发展趋势的前进性
D. 只看到新旧事物之间的连续性,没有看到新旧事物之间的间断性
【单选题】
对立统一规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋向
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的实质和核心是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展的规律
【单选题】
辩证法所说的矛盾是指___
A. 人们思维中的前后不一的自相矛盾
B. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的对立统一
C. 对立面之间的相互排斥
D. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的相互依赖
【单选题】
矛盾的基本属性是___
A. 普遍性和特殊性
B. 绝对性和相对性
C. 变动性和稳定性
D. 斗争性和同一性
【单选题】
依据是___
A. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性辩证关系的原理
B. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性辩证关系的原理
C. 事物发展的量变和质变辩证关系的原理
D. 事物发展的内因和外因辩证关系的原理
【单选题】
矛盾问题的精髓是___
A. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系的问题
B. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性关系的问题
C. 主要矛盾和次要矛盾关系的问题
D. 矛盾的主要方面和次要方面关系的问题
【单选题】
题的方法都是___
A. 重点论
B. 均衡论
C. 一点论
D. 两点论
【单选题】
“任何个别(无论怎样)都是一般”。这句话的正确含义是___
A. 特殊性就是普遍性
B. 特殊性存在于普遍性之中
C. 普遍性是特殊性的总和
D. 特殊性中包含普遍性
【单选题】
在唯物辩证法看来,水果同苹果、梨、香蕉、桔子等的关系是___
A. 共性和个性的关系
B. 整体和部分的关系
C. 本质和现象的关系
D. 内容和形式的关系
【单选题】
“是就是是,不是就是不是,除此之外都是鬼话。”这是一种___
A. 形而上学的观点
B. 相对主义的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 辩证法的观点
【单选题】
真象和假象的区别在于___
A. 真象是客观的,假象是主观的
B. 真象表现本质,假象不表现本质
C. 真象深藏于事物内部,假象外露于事物外部
D. 真象从正面直接地表现本质,假象从反面歪曲地表现本质
【单选题】
有的哲学家说,在大风扬起的尘土中,每一粒尘土的运动状况都是纯粹必然的。这是种___
A. 辩证唯物主义决定论的观点
B. 形而上学的机械决定论的观点
C. 唯心主义非决定论的观点
D. 庸俗唯物主义的观点
【单选题】
“或然率”是指___
A. 可能性在质上的一种科学说明和测定
B. 可能性在量上的一种科学说明和测定
C. 必然性的一种科学说明和判定
D. 偶然性的一种科学说明和测定
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?___
A. It is based on questionable statistics.
B. It reflects the economic changes.
C. It evidences the improved welfare.
D. It provides much food for thought.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B. It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C. It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.
D. It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.
【单选题】
大学生的成才目标是___。
A. 培养德智体美全面发展的人才
B. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者
C. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
D. 培养专业化、创新化的人才
【单选题】
现代人才素质的灵魂是___。
A. 德
B. 智
C. 体
D. 美
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