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中国的半殖民地半封建社会是一种从属于资本主义世界体系的畸形的社会形态
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西方列强侵略中国的目的是要帮助中国走出封建社会，发展资本主义
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近代中国表面上维持着独立国家和政府的名义，实际上已经丧失了拥有完整主权的独立国的地位
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在近代中国，资本主义经济发展迅速，逐渐成为中国社会经济的主要形式
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中国的封建势力日益衰败并同外国侵略势力勾结，是近代中国发展的最大障碍
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中国农民阶级是中国民主革命的主力军，是近代中国最革命的阶级
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中国工人阶级最早产生于外国资本主义在华企业中，先于中国的资产阶级产生
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中国的资产阶级也是近代中国新产生的阶级，分官僚买办资产阶级和民族资产阶级
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中国民族资产阶级在政治上具有两面性，即与外国资本主义和本国封建主义既有矛盾、斗争的一面，又有依赖、妥协的一面
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帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾是近代中国的最主要矛盾。因此，在任何时候，除一些叛国分子外，中国内部各阶级都会团结一致去反对帝国主义
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争取民族独立和人民解放是实现国家富强、人民富裕的前提
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必须首先进行反帝反封建的民主革命，才能争得民族独立和人民解放
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革命和现代化是背道而驰的，两者无法相容
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资本——帝国主义对中国的侵略，首先和主要的是进行军事侵略
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近代中国海关的行政权虽然掌握在外国人手里，但它仍是中国抵制外国进行经济侵略的重要工具
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英国侵略中国的目的在于攫取经济利益，没有领土要求
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根据不平等条约，帝国主义有权在中国领土上驻兵
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近代战争赔款直接破坏和阻碍中国的经济发展
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近代外国在中国的投资相当部分是利用战争赔款等方式掠自中国
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帝国主义列强通过对中国铁路的控制来确立和扩大自己在中国的势力范围
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帝国主义列强对中国进行文化渗透的目的是加速中国文明进程
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资本——帝国主义列强在中国的统治方式“是以华制华”
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太平天国运动是中国近代史上中国人民第一次大规模的反侵略武装斗争
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近代中国的“边疆危机”发生于19世纪90年代
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帝国主义列强之间的矛盾和妥协，是瓜分中国的阴谋破产的根本原因
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帝国主义列强不能灭亡和瓜分中国，最根本的原因，是中华民族进行的不屈不饶的反侵略斗争
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1919年以前的中国历次反侵略战争的失败根源在于经济技术的落后
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民族危机激发了中华民族的觉醒，增强了中华民族的凝聚力
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魏源提出了“师夷长技以制夷”的思想，所以是近代中国睁眼看世界的第一人
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农民是外国侵略者和本国封建统治者主要的压迫对象和反抗力量
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《天朝田亩制度》实际上是一个以解决土地问题为中心的比较完整的社会改革方案
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《天朝田亩制度》的平分土地方案在太平军占领地区得到了贯彻和执行
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《资政新篇》是中国近代历史上第一个比较系统的发展资本主义的方案
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《天朝田亩制度》的颁布使太平天国起义具有了不同于以往农民战争的新的历史特点
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太平天国把信奉上帝的西方人视为“洋兄弟”，说明他们对于西方资本主义侵略者缺乏理性认识
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洋务运动是在清政府镇压太平天国的过程中和第二次鸦片战争结束后兴起的
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洋务派兴办近代企业，目的是使中国朝着资本主义方向发展
推荐试题
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
【判断题】
The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
【判断题】
With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.
【判断题】
A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance
【判断题】
(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.
【判断题】
2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.
【判断题】
（3） As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.
【判断题】
The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.
【判断题】
(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.
【判断题】
(6)Toxicology deals not only with drugs used in therapy but also with many other chemicals that may be responsible for household, environmental, or industrial intoxication.
【判断题】
1)With the more efficient screening tests and burgeoning knowledge about how a molecules biological activities are likely to be changed, the traditional approach of discovering new drugs has been improved.
【判断题】
2)With the parallel synthesis used to identify which small segment of any given large protein would bind to an antibody, Mario Geysen generated a variety of short protein fragments by combining multiple amino acids in different permutations.
【判断题】
)A parallel synthesis and a split-and-mix synthesis are different in that in a split-and-mix synthesis, all the products are assembled separately n their respective reaction vessels.
【判断题】
4) In many laboratories, robots are used in the routine work of parallel synthesis to deliver small amounts of reactive molecules into appropriate wells, thus making the process more accurate and less tedious.
【判断题】
5) In a parallel synthesis, each compound remains in its own container; while in a split-and-min synthesis, the related ce mpounds are mixed up in the same reaction vessel.
【判断题】
6)In order to solve the difficulties of identifying the compounds made in a parallel synthesis scientists pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and determine the molecular makeup o d attached.
