【判断题】
旧唯物主义与辩证唯物主义在认识论上的根本区别在于是否承认世界是可以认识的
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一切唯物论在认识论上都坚持认识是主体对客体的能动反映
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辩证唯物主义认识论认为，客体是客观存在的一切事物
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历史人物对历史发展的影响作用具有促进和阻碍两种性质
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历史唯物主义为人们认识社会的各个方面提供了具体答案
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社会主义社会的上层建筑完全适合于经济基础
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10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
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(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
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(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
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（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
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(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
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(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
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Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
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Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
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The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
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The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
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With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.
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A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance
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(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.
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2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.
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（3） As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.
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The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.
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(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.
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(6)Toxicology deals not only with drugs used in therapy but also with many other chemicals that may be responsible for household, environmental, or industrial intoxication.
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1)With the more efficient screening tests and burgeoning knowledge about how a molecules biological activities are likely to be changed, the traditional approach of discovering new drugs has been improved.
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2)With the parallel synthesis used to identify which small segment of any given large protein would bind to an antibody, Mario Geysen generated a variety of short protein fragments by combining multiple amino acids in different permutations.
【判断题】
)A parallel synthesis and a split-and-mix synthesis are different in that in a split-and-mix synthesis, all the products are assembled separately n their respective reaction vessels.
【判断题】
4) In many laboratories, robots are used in the routine work of parallel synthesis to deliver small amounts of reactive molecules into appropriate wells, thus making the process more accurate and less tedious.
【判断题】
5) In a parallel synthesis, each compound remains in its own container; while in a split-and-min synthesis, the related ce mpounds are mixed up in the same reaction vessel.
【判断题】
6)In order to solve the difficulties of identifying the compounds made in a parallel synthesis scientists pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and determine the molecular makeup o d attached.
【判断题】
1)The concentration of a drug in whole plasma is the most accurate index of the drug concentration at the site（s） of action.
【判断题】
(2)It is difficult to measure the total concentration of both unbound and bound drug in total plasma.
【判断题】
(3)The clinical effect of a drug is assumed to be directly related to the plasma drug concentration.
【判断题】
(4) Systemically acting drugs administered by all routes involve the absorption of drug from the place of administration into the blood.
【判断题】
5)Bioavailability of a drug indicates whether a therapeutically effective concentration is achieved at the site(s)of action of that drug.
【判断题】
(6)Prodrugs are not therapeutically effective unless they are changed into therapeutically active forms before or after reaching the systemic circulation
【单选题】
（1）地球表层覆盖着很多圈层，其中最厚的圈层是 ___
A. 岩石圈
B. 水圈
C. 大气圈
D. 生物圈
【单选题】
（2）目前受人类影响最强烈的地球圈层部位主要在大气圈底层、岩石圈上层以及 ___
A. 生物圈表层
B. 生物圈中层
C. 水圈底层
D. 水圈全部
【单选题】
（3）生物圈的范围为___
A. 大气圈、水圈和岩石圈的全部
B. 大气圈和水圈的全部、岩石圈的上部
C. 大气圈的底部、水圈和岩石圈的全部
D. 大气圈的底部、水圈的全部和岩石圈的上部
【单选题】
（4）地球上最大的生态系统是 ___
A. 森林生态系统
B. 生物圈
C. 海洋生态系统
D. 城市生态系统
【单选题】
（5）被称为地球之“肺”的是：___
A. 草原
B. 针叶林
C. 沼泽地
D. 热带雨林
