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【填空题】
advocate,involve,confine,respond,subsequent ,distinct ,intense, fulfill,circumstance, reconcile He suggested a small but [ ] improvement on our former plan; I really appreciate it.
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答案
distinct
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【多选题】
下列情况有增生性改变的有:
A. 再生
B. 机化
C. 化生
D. 肿瘤
E. 萎缩
【多选题】
下列记述中正确的是
A. 移行上皮可出现鳞状上皮化生
B. 胃粘膜上皮可出现肠上皮化生
C. 宫颈腺上皮可出现鳞状上皮化生
D. 呼吸道粘膜可出现小肠上皮化生
E. 呼吸道粘膜可出现鳞状上皮化生
【多选题】
关于脂肪变性哪些项是对的
A. 电镜下有包绕的圆形物
B. 石蜡切片中可见空泡
C. 石蜡切片可做脂肪染色
D. 冰冻切片可做脂肪染色
E. 用苏丹Ⅲ染色脂肪组织呈橘红色
【多选题】
下列哪些病变的坏死为凝固性坏死
A. 结核球
B. 脑梗死
C. 肾梗死
D. 心肌梗死
E. 脂肪坏死
【多选题】
溃疡形成可发生于
A. 口腔
B. 胃
C. 肠
D. 脾
E. 膀胱
【多选题】
下列哪些因素可直接引起细胞的损伤
A. 遗传因素
B. 精神因素
C. 生长因子
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E. 化学因素
【多选题】
下列哪些属于稳定细胞
A. 鳞状上皮细胞
B. 肝细胞
C. 黏膜柱状上皮细胞
D. 原始间叶细胞
E. 骨细胞
【多选题】
下列哪些损伤在一定条件下是可逆性的
A. 细胞水肿
B. 脂肪变性
C. 细胞内玻璃样变
D. 细动脉玻璃样变
E. 细胞核碎裂
【多选题】
下列哪些腺体的增生可能与激素作用有关
A. 汗腺
B. 乳腺
C. 甲状腺
D. 唾液腺
E. 肾上腺
【多选题】
发生组织或器官病理性萎缩的原因有
A. 慢性消耗性疾病
B. 肾盂积水
C. 发育异常
D. 下肢骨折长期卧床
E. 脑动脉粥样硬化
【多选题】
就组织细胞再生能力而言,下列哪些说法是正确的
A. 低等动物比高等动物的组织细胞再生能力弱
B. 低等动物比高等动物的组织细胞再生能力强
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E. 平时易受损组织再生能力强
【多选题】
下列哪项符合化生的内容
A. 已分化的细胞直接转变为另一种细胞
B. 已分化的组织转化为另一种相似性质的分化组织
C. 只能转化为性质相似而不能转化为性质不同的细胞
D. 上皮细胞转化为结缔组织细胞
E. 柱状上皮转化为鳞状上皮
【多选题】
发生萎缩的组织、器官应表现为
A. 病变组织、器官的体积缩小
B. 实质细胞无体积缩小或数目减少
C. 质地常变得较硬韧
D. 间质数量一定减少
E. 功能常保持正常
【多选题】
脑萎缩肉眼观察常表现为
A. 脑回变窄
B. 脑沟变深
C. 皮质变薄
D. 体积缩小
E. 重量减轻
【多选题】
局部组织或器官萎缩的原因有
A. 慢性消耗性疾病
B. 局部缺血
C. 局部长期受压
D. 营养不良
E. 长期饥饿
【多选题】
坏死的类型可分为
A. 纤维素样坏死
B. 坏疽
C. 凝固性坏死
D. 干酪样坏死
E. 液化性坏死
【多选题】
肝细胞中可以发生的变性有
A. 黏液样变性
B. 纤维素样变性
C. 水变性
D. 脂肪变性
E. 淀粉样变性
【多选题】
细胞核在坏死时可能出现
A. 染色变淡
B. 染色质浓缩
C. DNA分解
D. 核膜破裂
E. 上面四种情况均可出现
【多选题】
细胞损伤的原因有
A. 缺氧
B. 生物因子
C. 物理因子
D. 化学因子
E. 营养失调
【多选题】
凝固性坏死可能具有的形态特点是
A. 质地较坚实
B. 结构轮廓可能保存
C. 组织崩解较彻底
D. 形成干酪样坏死
E. 色泽灰白或黄白
【多选题】
钙化可见于下列哪项
A. 动脉粥样硬化
B. 亚急性细菌性心内膜炎的心瓣膜
C. 脂肪变性
D. 坏死性胰腺炎
E. 退变和坏死组织
【多选题】
属于不稳定细胞的有
A. 间皮细胞
B. 表皮细胞
C. 淋巴造血细胞
D. 心肌细胞
E. 肠黏膜上皮细胞
【多选题】
下列哪些病变的坏死为液化性坏死
A. 结核球
B. 脑梗死
C. 肺梗死
D. 心肌梗死
E. 脂肪坏死
【多选题】
病理性萎缩的有
A. 脑出血后的下肢萎缩
B. 青春期后的胸腺萎缩
C. 老年妇女的卵巢萎缩
D. 肾盂积水所致的肾萎缩
E. 脑动脉粥样硬化所致的脑萎缩
【多选题】
确定脂肪变的特殊染色有哪些
A. 锇酸染色
B. PAS染色
C. 刚果红染色
D. 苏丹Ⅲ染色
E. 甲基紫染色
【多选题】
主要发生脂肪变性的器官是
A. 心
B. 肝
C. 脾
D. 肺
E. 肾
【多选题】
下列有关坏疽的论述哪些是正确的
A. 干性坏疽主要发生于四肢
B. 四肢也可发生湿性坏疽
C. 湿性坏疽发生于含水分较多的部位
D. 脑是湿性坏疽常发生的部位
E. 肺脏不能发生坏疽
【多选题】
脂肪变性的组织、器官可呈现
A. 病变器官的体积可轻度增大
B. 病变组织的质地可较正常坚硬
C. 病变组织的功能可仍保持正常
D. 病变组织、器官的色泽可稍变黄
E. 病变最常发生于肝脏
【多选题】
关于凋亡叙述,下列哪些是正确的
A. 只累及单个细胞或小团细胞
B. 细胞质膜不破裂
C. 不引发急性炎症反应
D. 凋亡的发生与基因调节有关
E. 可破坏组织结构
【多选题】
关于肉芽组织的描述,哪些是正确的
A. 受伤后2~3天开始,成纤维细胞增生,并伴有胶原形成
B. 受伤后2~3天开始,有肌成纤维细胞增生
C. 肉眼为红色、颗粒状、触之易出血,并有痛感
D. 无感染伤口的肉芽组织,也有炎性渗出
E. 能分泌多种生长因子
【多选题】
肉芽组织的主要功能有
A. 抗感染
B. 保护创面
C. 填平创
D. 机化坏死组织
E. 机化形成瘢痕
【多选题】
肉芽组织逐渐成熟的主要形态标志是
A. 间质内的水分逐渐吸收、减少
B. 炎细胞逐渐增多
C. 毛细血管部分改建成为小动脉、小静脉
D. 胶原纤维越来越多
E. 成纤维细胞逐渐演变为肌成纤维细胞
【多选题】
下列哪些是二期愈合特点
A. 伤口大
B. 坏死组织多
C. 形成的疤痕大
D. 愈合快
E. 对局部组织、器官的功能影响小
【多选题】
下列哪些是影响创伤愈合的局部因素
A. 局部血液循环
B. 神经支配
C. 年龄
D. 缺乏维生素C
E. 营养状况
【多选题】
影响骨折愈合的因素有
A. 全身营养状况
B. 年龄
C. 及时正确的复位
D. 骨折断端牢靠固定
E. 早进行全身和局部功能锻炼,保持局部血液供应
【多选题】
在纤维组织再生过程中,成纤维细胞的来源是
A. 未分化的间叶细胞转化而来
B. 静止状态的纤维细胞转变而来
C. 血管内皮细胞转化而来
D. 结缔组织的化生而来
E. 纤维组织化生而来
【多选题】
骨折愈合的基本过程有
A. 血肿形成
B. 纤维性骨痂形成
C. 软骨性骨痂形成
D. 骨性骨痂形成
E. 骨痂改建或再塑
【多选题】
下列哪些是健康肉芽组织的特点
A. 鲜红色
B. 颗粒状
C. 表面湿润
D. 表面污浊
E. 灰白色、高出皮肤
【多选题】
光镜下,肉芽组织内可见
A. 大量毛细血管
B. 成纤维细胞
C. 巨噬细胞
D. 中性粒细胞
E. 淋巴细胞
【多选题】
下列哪些是不稳定细胞的特点
A. 不断增殖的细胞,以替代衰亡或破坏的细胞
B. 损伤后可完全再生
C. 再生能力弱的细胞
D. 再生能力强的细胞
E. 常见于消化道黏膜被覆上皮细胞
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