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16. 受弯构件截面中性轴处正应力取得 ___ ,剪应力取得___ 。
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【填空题】
17. 某直杆长100cm,受到轴心拉力F的作用,伸长2cm,则其平均线应变为___ 。
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18. 某梁上受到的分布荷载集度为零,则其剪力图形为___ ,弯矩图形为___。
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19. 横力弯曲时,如果梁的横截面对称于中性轴,则梁的最大正应力将发生在最大弯矩所在横截面的___处。
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20. 某梁段上受到的分布荷载集度为不等于零的常数,则其剪力图形为___ ,弯矩图形为 ___ 。
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21. 直梁的弯矩、剪力和线分布载荷之间的微分关系表明,弯矩图上某处斜率等于该处的___。
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22. 杆件的基本变形有 ___ 。
【填空题】
23. 平面一般力系向平面内一点简化可以简化为一个 ___和一个___ 。
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27. 从几何组成上讲,静定和超静定结构都是____体系,但后者有___。
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28. 梁纯弯曲时,横截面上最大正应力发生在距离_中性轴___最远的各点处。
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y方向上分力的大小为___。
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30.两个刚片之间用四根既不交于一点也不全平行的链杆相联,组成的体系为___。
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1. 刚体是指在受力作用下,不发生___ 的物体。
【填空题】
2. 两相互作用的刚体间,必有作用力与反作用力出现,它们大小___ ,方
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向 ___,作用线共线,分别作用在两个物体上。
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3. 力的可传性原理是指力沿其___ 移动,不改变对刚体的作用效果。
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4. 单跨静定梁截面上剪力、弯矩符号定义规则为___ 矩为正,___ 剪为
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5. 物体所产生的变形能随力的撤除而消失的变形是___ 变形。
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6. 低碳钢拉伸试验可分为四个阶段:弹性阶段、___ 阶段、强化阶段
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7. 仅用平衡方程不能求出所有约束反力的问题,称为___ 问题。
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8. 梁受弯曲变形时,梁上产生___ 、弯矩两种内力。
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小___ ,方向___ ,作用线共线。
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10. 根据约束条件不同,梁常见的支座类型有___ 铰支座、活动铰支座和固
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11. 力对点之矩的符号定义规则为___ 时针为正,___ 时针为负。
【填空题】
12.固体变形可分为 ___变形和塑性变形两种形式。
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而不改变对刚体的作用效应,称为力的___ 原理。
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15. 已知某段梁截面上承受均布荷载作用,则其对应的弯矩图形状为___ 。
【填空题】
16. 圆轴产生扭转时,其横截面上的内力为___ 。
【填空题】
该定理称为力的___ 。
【填空题】
18. 低碳钢是典型的___ 性材料,铸铁是典型的___ 性材料。
【填空题】
19. 杆件产生轴向拉压变形时,其横截面上的内力为___ 。
【填空题】
20. 仅用平衡方程就能求出所有约束反力的问题,称为___ 问题。
【填空题】
为___ 。
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汇交于一点,该定理称为___ 定理。
【填空题】
23. 一般情况下,延伸率大于 5%的材料成为___ 材料,如合金钢、铝合金
【填空题】
24. 当梁发生弯曲变形时,其横截面上一般同时存在___ 应力和切应力。
【填空题】
25. 当轴向压力达到或超过压杆的___力时,压杆将继续弯曲,产生显著
【填空题】
26. 力是物体之间相互的___ 作用。
【填空题】
的作用,以限制其运动,这种力称为___ 反力。
【填空题】
28. 杆件发生轴向压缩变形时,其横截面上正应力___分布。
【填空题】
29. 使压杆由稳定平衡转为不稳定平衡的轴向压力值 Pcr,称为压杆的 ___。
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