相关试题
【单选题】
血气分析反映酸碱平衡呼吸性因素的重要指标是___
A. BE
B. PACO2
C. PaO2
D. PaCO2
E. AB
【单选题】
HCO3-重吸收的主要部位是___
A. 远曲小管
B. 皮质集合管
C. 外髓集合管
D. 髓袢升支
E. 近曲小管
【单选题】
下列指标中哪一项是反映血中H2CO3浓度的最佳指标?___
A. AB
B. BB
C. SB
D. PaCO2
E. pH
【单选题】
机体的正常代谢必须处于___
A. 弱酸性的体液环境中
B. 中性的体液环境中
C. 弱碱性的体液环境中
D. 较强的碱性体液环境中
E. 较强的酸性体液环境中
【单选题】
能直接反映血液中一切具有缓冲作用的负离子碱的总和的指标是___
A. 缓冲碱（BB）
B. 标准碳酸氢盐（SB）
C. 实际碳酸氢盐（AB）
D. PaCO2
E. 碱剩余（BE）
【单选题】
机体代谢过程中产生最多的酸性物质是___
A. 含硫氨基产生的硫酸
B. 核蛋白和磷脂水解产生的磷酸
C. 嘌呤类化合物氧化分解产生的尿酸
D. 糖、脂肪分解代谢产生的乳酸﹑β-羟丁酸
E. 以上都不是
【单选题】
PaCO2升高兴奋呼吸中枢的机制主要是由于___
A. CO2刺激主动脉体化学感受器
B. CO2使脑脊液H+增加，H+刺激延髓中枢化学感受器
C. CO2直接刺激延髓中枢化学感受器
D. H+刺激颈动脉体化学感受器
E. CO2刺激颈动脉体化学感受器
【单选题】
呼吸性酸中毒时血液中起主要作用的缓冲碱是___
A. NaHCO3
B. NaPr
C. K-Hb
D. Na2HPO4
E. K2HPO4
【单选题】
肾小管尿液酸化的部位与方式是___
A. 近曲小管H+-ATP酶泵分泌H+
B. 近曲小管H+ -Na+交换
C. 集合管H+ 泵泌H+
D. 集合管H+ -K+交换
E. 远曲小管H+ -Na+交换
【单选题】
正常体液中的H＋主要来自___
A. 食物中摄入的H＋
B. 碳酸释出的H＋
C. 硫酸释出的H＋
D. 脂肪代谢产生的H＋
E. 糖酵解过程中生成的H＋
【单选题】
碱性物的来源有___
A. 氨基酸脱氨基产生的氨
B. 肾小管细胞分泌的氨
C. 蔬菜中含有的有机酸盐
D. 水果中含有的有机酸盐
E. 以上都是
【单选题】
机体在代谢过程中产生最多的酸性物质是___
A. 乙酰乙酸
B. 三羧酸
C. 碳酸
D. 硫酸
E. 乳酸
【单选题】
从动脉抽取血样后如不与大气隔绝，下列哪项指标将会受到影响?___
A. AB
B. AG
C. SB
D. BB
E. BE
【单选题】
标准碳酸氢盐小于实际碳酸氢盐（SB＜AB）可能有___
A. 混合性碱中毒
B. 呼吸性碱中毒
C. 呼吸性酸中毒
D. 高阴离子间隙代谢性酸中毒
E. 代谢性酸中毒
【单选题】
血液中挥发酸的缓冲主要靠___
A. HbO2及Hb
B. 红细胞HCO3ˉ
C. 磷酸盐
D. 血浆蛋白
E. 血浆HCO3ˉ
【单选题】
AB减少和AB<SB表明可能有___
A. 代谢性酸中毒
B. 代谢性碱中毒
C. 代谢性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
D. 呼吸性酸中毒
E. 混合性酸中毒
【单选题】
血液中缓冲固定酸的主要缓冲碱是___
A. K-HbO2
B. Na-Pr
C. K-Hb
D. NaHCO3
E. Na2HPO4
【单选题】
血液pH 值主要取决于血浆中___
A. [Hb¯]/[HHb]
B. [HbO2¯]/[HHbCO2]
C. [HCO3¯]/[H2CO3]
D. [Prˉ]/[HPr¯]
E. [HPO42¯]/[H2PO4¯]
【单选题】
下列哪一项双重性酸碱失衡不可能出现___
A. 呼吸性酸中毒合并呼吸性碱中毒
B. 代谢性碱中毒合并呼吸性酸中毒
C. 代谢性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
D. 代谢性酸中毒合并呼吸性碱中毒
E. 代谢性碱中毒合并呼吸性碱中毒
【单选题】
急性呼吸性碱中毒时起主要作用的缓冲物质是___
A. H2CO3
B. 有机磷酸
C. HHb 及HHbO2
D. H2PO4-
E. HPr
【单选题】
由于剧烈呕吐引起的代谢性碱中毒最佳治疗方案是___
A. 静注0.9%生理盐水
B. 给予三羟基氨基甲烷
C. 给予噻嗪类利尿剂
D. 给予抗醛固酮药物
E. 给予碳酸酐酶抑制剂
【单选题】
肾衰竭患者发生代谢性酸中毒时机体最主要的代偿方式是___
A. 细胞外液缓冲
B. 骨骼代偿
C. 细胞内液缓冲
D. 呼吸代偿
E. 肾脏代偿
【单选题】
慢性呼吸性酸中毒的代偿调节主要靠___
A. 骨骼代偿
B. 呼吸代偿
C. 肾脏代偿
D. 心脏代偿
E. 血液系统代偿
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是引起酸中毒时心肌收缩力降低的机制___
A. H＋影响钙内流
B. 代谢酶活性抑制
C. H＋竞争性地抑制钙与肌钙蛋白亚单位结合
D. 低钙
E. H＋影响心肌细胞肌浆网释放钙
【单选题】
某肝性脑病患者，血气分析结果：pH 7.5，PaCO2 13mmHg，HCO3- 11mmol/L，可诊断为___
A. 呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
B. 呼吸性碱中毒合并代谢性酸中毒
C. 呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸中毒
D. 呼吸性碱中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
E. 以上都不是
【单选题】
血气分析反映酸碱平衡呼吸性因素的重要指标是___
A. BE
B. PACO2
C. PaO2
D. PaCO2
E. AB
【单选题】
急性呼吸性酸中毒对机体主要的影响是___
A. 缺氧
B. 高钾引起心律失常
C. 功能性肾衰
D. 肺性脑病
E. 心肌收缩减弱
【单选题】
应用速尿引起代谢性碱中毒时，机体主要的代偿方式是___
A. 肾代偿
B. 肺代偿
C. 骨代偿
D. 血液代偿
E. 细胞代偿
【单选题】
慢性呼吸性碱中毒主要靠___
A. 骨代偿
B. 胃肠道代偿
C. 血液代偿
D. 肾代偿
E. 肺代偿
【单选题】
血气分析结果为PaCO2降低同时伴HCO3-升高，可诊断为___
A. 呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
B. 呼吸性碱中毒合并代谢性酸中毒
C. 呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸中毒
D. 呼吸性碱中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
E. 代谢性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
【单选题】
急性代谢性酸中毒机体最主要的代偿方式是___
A. 骨骼代偿
B. 呼吸代偿
C. 细胞外液缓冲
D. 细胞内液缓冲
E. 肾脏代偿
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是呼吸性酸中毒的原因___
A. 呼吸中枢抑制
B. 呼吸道阻塞
C. 肺泡弥散障碍
D. 通风不良
E. 胸廓病变
【单选题】
休克伴发代谢性酸中毒中下列哪项变化是不存在的？___
A. 尿pH↓
B. AG↑
C. BB↓
D. 血[K+]↑
E. 血[Cl–]↑
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是代谢性碱中毒的原因___
A. 低钾血症
B. 严重腹泻
C. 盐皮质激素过多
D. 剧烈呕吐
E. 应用利尿剂（速尿，噻嗪类）
【单选题】
一肾功能衰竭患者血气分析可见：pH 7.28，PaCO2 3.7kPa（28mmHg），HCO3ˉ 17mmol/L，最可能的酸碱平衡紊乱类型是___
A. 代谢性酸中毒
B. 呼吸性酸中毒
C. 代谢性碱中毒
D. 呼吸性碱中毒
E. 以上都不是
【单选题】
某溺水窒息患者，经抢救后血气分析结果为：pH 7.18，PaCO2 9.9 kPa （75mmHg），HCO3ˉ 28mmol/L，最可能的酸碱平衡紊乱类型是___
A. 慢性呼吸性酸中毒
B. 代谢性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
C. 代谢性酸中毒
D. 代谢性碱中毒
E. 急性呼吸性酸中毒
【单选题】
血液pH 值主要取决于血浆中___
A. [Hb¯]/[HHb]
B. [HbO2¯]/[HHbCO2]
C. [HPO42¯]/[H2PO4¯]
D. [HCO3¯]/[H2CO3]
E. [Prˉ]/[HPr¯]
【单选题】
血气分析结果为PaCO2升高同时伴有HCO3-降低，可诊断为___
A. 呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸中毒
B. 呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
C. 呼吸性碱中毒合并代谢性酸中毒
D. 呼吸性碱中毒合并代谢性碱中毒
E. 以上都不是
【单选题】
代谢性碱中毒时，起主要作用的缓冲系统是___
A. HbO2- / HHbO2
B. HPO42- / H2PO4-
C. HCO3- / H2CO3
D. Pr / HPr
E. Hb- / HHb
【单选题】
代谢性碱中毒常见的病因是___
A. 严重呕吐
B. 正常人摄入NaHCO31000mmol/d
C. 使用安体舒通等利尿剂
D. 高血钾
E. 严重腹泻
推荐试题
【单选题】
《中国共产党问责条例》规定，对党的领导干部实行___。
A. 一次性问责
B. 阶段性问责
C. 任期问责
D. 终身问责
【单选题】
《党章》规定，党的纪律是党的___必须遵守的行为规则，是维护党的团结统一、完成党的任务的保证。
A. 基层组织
B. 所有干部
C. 各级组织和全体党员
D. 领导干部
【单选题】
The shy girl felt _________ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’s questions.
A. amazed
B. awkward
C. curious
D. amused
【单选题】
This hotel _______ $ 60 for a single room with bath.
A. claims
B. demands
C. prices
D. charges
【单选题】
Frequently singleparent children ____________ some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.
A. take off
B. take after
C. take in
D. take on
【单选题】
A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial __________.
A. mark
B. feature
C. trace
D. appearance
【单选题】
John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must ________ the curiosity and creativity of children.
A. seek
B. stimulate
C. shape
D. secure
【单选题】
Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _______ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.
A. by that
B. at that
C. on that
D. in that
【单选题】
However, at times this balance in nature is ________, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A. troubled
B. disturbed
C. confused
D. puzzled
【单选题】
The patient’s health failed to such an
extent that he was put into _____ care.
A. tense
B. rigid
C. intensive
D. tight
【单选题】
Does everyone on earth have an equal right _________ an equal share of its resources?
A. by
B. at
C. to
D. over
【单选题】
In 1914, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe __________ Europe into a great war.
A. inserted
B. imposed
C. pitched
D. plunged
【单选题】
We had to ___________ a lot of noise when the children were at home.
A. go in for
B. hold on to
C. put up with
D. keep pace with
【单选题】
A person's calorie requirements vary ______ his life.___
A. across
B. throughout
C. over
D. within
【单选题】
Generous public funding of basic science would ________considerable benefits for the country's health, wealth and security.___
A. lead to
B. result from
C. lie in
D. settle down
【单选题】
In a time of social reform, people's state of mind tends to keep ___________ with the rapid changes of society___
A. step
B. progress
C. pace
D. touch
【单选题】
The speech which he made __________ the project has bothered me greatly.___
A. regarded
B. concerned
C. regarding
D. concerning
【单选题】
Harry was _______ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.___
A. stung
B. stuck
C. bitten
D. scratched
【单选题】
The thief tried to open the locked door but _________.___
A. in no way
B. in vain
C. without effect
D. at a loss
【单选题】
Remember that customers don't ________ about prices in that city.___
A. debate
B. consult
C. dispute
D. bargain
【单选题】
I hope that you'll be more careful in typing the letter. Don't _________ anything.___
A. lack
B. withdraw
C. omit
D. leak
【单选题】
The tomato juice left brown __________ on the front of my jacket.___
A. spot
B. point
C. track
D. trace
【单选题】
The committee is totally opposed ________ any changes being made in the plans.___
A. of
B. on
C. to
D. against
【单选题】
I'm very sorry to have _______ you with so many questions on such an occasion.___
A. interfered
B. offended
C. impressed
D. bothered
【单选题】
The price of beer _______ from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.___
A. altered
B. ranged
C. separated
D. differed
【单选题】
Their son doesn't know what to ________ at the university; he can't make up his mind about his future.___
A. take in
B. take up
C. take over
D. take after
【单选题】
Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still _________.___
A. blank
B. hollow
C. vacant
D. bare
【单选题】
Being a pop star can be quite a hard life, with a lot of traveling ________ heavy schedules.
A. with regard to
B. as to
C. in relation to
D. owing to
【单选题】
Tony is very disappointed _______ the results of the exam.
A. with
B. for
C. toward
D. on
【单选题】
William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _________ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.
A. peculiarly
B. indifferently
C. vigorously
D. inevitably
【单选题】
When people become unemployed, it is _______ which is often worse than lack of wages.___
A. laziness
B. poverty
C. idleness
D. inability
【单选题】
In previous times, then fresh meat was in short __________, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.
A. store
B. provision
C. reserve
D. supply
【单选题】
Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply _________.___
A. appreciated
B. approved
C. appealed
D. applied
【单选题】
It is our ___________ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.___
A. consistent
B. continuous
C. considerate
D. continual
【单选题】
He is __________ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.___
A. optimistic
B. optional
C. outstanding
D. obvious
【单选题】
The director was critical _______________ the way we were doing the work.___
A. at
B. in
C. of
D. with
【单选题】
In a sudden _____________ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.___
A. attack
B. burst
C. split
D. blast
【单选题】
In Britain people _____________ four million tons of potatoes every year.___
A. swallow
B. dispose
C. consume
D. exhaust
【单选题】
I'd _____________ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.___
A. take into account
B. account for
C. make up for
D. make out
【单选题】
She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it _____________ enough to eat.___
A. mild
B. slight
C. light
D. tender
