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党内监督没有禁区、没有例外。信任不能代替监督

发现领导干部有轻微违纪问题的，上级党组织负责人应当对其提醒谈话，并由本人作出说明或者检讨，经所在党组织主要负责人签字后报上级纪委和组织部门

党组织主要负责人个人有关事项应当向社会公开，主动接受监督

党内监督必须加强对党组织主要负责人和关键岗位领导干部的监督，重点监督其政治立场、加强党的建设、从严治党，执行党的决议，公道正派选人用人，责任担当、廉洁自律，落实意识形态工作责任制情况

建立健全党的领导干部插手干预重大事项记录制度，发现利用职务便利违规干预干部选拔任用、工程建设、执纪执法、司法活动等问题，应当及时向上级党组织报告

严把干部选拔任用“党风廉洁意见回复”关，综合日常工作中掌握的情况，加强分析研判，实事求是评价干部廉洁情况，防止“带病提拔”、“带病上岗”

执法机关和司法机关依法立案查处涉及党的领导干部案件，不需向同级党委、纪委通报

党组织应当如实记录、集中管理党内监督中发现的问题和线索，及时了解核实，作出相应处理；不属于本级办理范围的应当移送有权限的党组织处理

党组织应当保障党员知情权和监督权，鼓励和支持党员在党内监督中发挥积极作用。提倡署真实姓名反映违纪事实，党组织应当为检举控告者严格保密，并以适当方式向其反馈办理情况

遵守宪法、法律，坚持依法行政的情况是党内监督的重点内容之一

党的地方和部门纪委、党组纪检组可以直接向上级纪委报告本地区、本系统、本单位发生的重大问题

党员有权了解本人所提意见和建议的处理结果

党内监督必须把法律挺在前面

党的领导干部应当每年在党委常委会（或党组）扩大会议上述责述廉，接受评议

强化上级纪委对下级纪委的领导，纪委发现同级党委主要领导干部的问题，可以直接查处

在党的会议上有根据地批评党的任何组织和任何党员，揭露和纠正工作中存在的缺点和问题

在纪律审查中发现党的领导干部严重违纪涉嫌违法犯罪的，应当立即移送行政机关、司法机关处理

党组织对监督中发现的问题应当做到条条要整改、件件有着落

对于上级党组织交办以及巡视等移交的违纪问题线索，应当及时处理，并在1个月内反馈办理情况

严格党的组织生活制度，民主生活会应当经常化，遇到重要或者普遍性问题应当及时召开

严格执行干部考察考核制度，考核评语在同本人见面后载入干部档案

《中国共产党问责条例》是第一部规范党的问责工作的基础性法规

《中国共产党问责条例》规定，党中央或者有管理权限的党组织，有权对失职失责党组织和党的领导干部作出问责决定

《中国共产党问责条例》规定，对失职失责性质恶劣、后果严重的，如果责任人退休的，可以从轻问责

《中国共产党问责条例》规定，问责决定作出后，应当及时向被问责党组织或者党的领导干部及其所在党组织宣布并督促执行

党的问责工作是由党组织按照人事权限予以追究

党的问责工作追究的只是在党的建设和党的事业中失职失责的党的领导干部的主体责任和领导责任

对履行职责不力、情节较重的党组织应当责令整改，并在一定范围内予以通报

对失职失责、情节较轻的党的领导干部，应当严肃批评，并在一定范围内通报

对失职失责、情节较重的党的领导干部，不适宜担任现职的，应当根据情况采取停职检查、调整职务、责令辞职、降职、免职等措施

对党的领导干部的问责方式，可以单独使用，也可以合并使用

党的领导主要是政治、思想和组织的领导。党必须按照总揽全局、协调各方的原则，在同级各种组织中发挥主体作用。

Read this pasaage and answer the five questions That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect. 　　Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. 　　Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found. Question1: What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?

Question2: What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research？

将辅助生产车间费用直接分配给辅助生产以外各收益单位的方法是___。

在产品只计算材料成本，主要适合于___的产品。

计算月末在产品约当量的依据是___。

废品损失最终应转入___账户，由同种的合格品成本负担。

管理上要求分步计算半成品成本时，应当采用___。

下列成本计算方法中，成本计算期与生产周期一致的有___。