相关试题
【单选题】
主动重吸收 Cl-的部位是___
A. 近球小管
B. 髓袢升支细段
C. 髓袢升支粗段
D. 远曲小管
【单选题】
关于 HCO -重吸收的描述，正确的是___
A. 主要在远曲小管重吸收
B. 不需要碳酸酐酶的帮助
C. HCO -是以 CO 的形式从小管液中转运至小管细胞内的
D. Cl-优先于 HCO -重吸收
【单选题】
下列物质中不能被肾小管重吸收的是___
A. Na+
B. 肌酐
C. HCO -
D. 氨基酸
【单选题】
Na+和水流经近端小管后，被重吸收回血液的量是___
A. 65％～70％
B. 70％～75％
C. 75％～80％
D. 80％～99％
【单选题】
关于分泌 H+的描述，正确的是___
A. 只有远曲小管和集合管可以分泌
B. 分泌过程与 Na+的重吸收有关
C. 不利于 HCO3-的重吸收
D. 可阻断 NH3 的分泌
【单选题】
引起高血钾的可能原因是___
A. 血浆 Ph 值＜7.35
B. 血浆 Ph 值＞7.45
C. 醛固酮分泌增多增多
D. 远曲小管和集合管分泌 H+增多
【单选题】
关于葡萄糖重吸收的描述，正确的是___
A. 肾小管各段均可以重吸收
B. 与K+的重吸收相耦联
C. 近球小管重吸收葡萄糖能力有一定限度
D. 正常情况下，近球小管不能将肾小球滤出的糖全部重吸收
【单选题】
给家兔静脉注射 5%葡萄糖 100ml，尿量增多的主要原因是___
A. 小管液溶质浓度增高
B. 血浆胶体渗透压降低
C. 血浆晶体渗透压增大
D. ADH释放减少
【单选题】
静脉注射甘露醇后引起的变化不包括___
A. 增加了小管液溶质浓度
B. 增加了小管液中的渗透压
C. 促进水的重吸收
D. 尿量增加
【单选题】
血浆晶体渗透压改变刺激抗利尿激素的释放是通过刺激___
A. 容量感受器
B. 机械感受器
C. 化学感受器
D. 渗透压感受器
【单选题】
抗利尿激素是在___分泌的
A. 肾上腺皮质球状带
B. 致密斑
C. 下丘脑的视上核和室旁核
D. 近球细胞
【单选题】
严重腹泻后，导致尿量明显减少的主要原因是___
A. 血浆晶体渗透压升高，引起ADH分泌增多
B. 血浆胶体渗透压升高，引起有效滤过压减小
C. 血容量减少导致肾小球滤过率下降
D. 血容量减少引起醛固酮分泌增多
【单选题】
渗透性利尿是由于___
A. 肾小球滤过率增加
B. 肾小球毛细血管血压升高
C. 肾小管液溶质浓度增高
D. 血浆胶体渗透压降低
【单选题】
醛固酮的分泌部位是___
A. 肾上腺皮质球状带
B. 致密斑
C. 下丘脑视上核和室旁核
D. 近球细胞
【单选题】
大量失血后尿量减少，与下列有关的原因是___
A. 醛固酮分泌增加
B. 抗利尿激素分泌减少
C. 血浆胶体体渗透压增加
D. 血浆晶体渗透压下降
【单选题】
能使尿量增加的因素不包括___
A. 血浆晶体渗透压增加
B. 肾小球滤过率增加
C. 小管液渗透压增加
D. 抗利尿激素分泌减少
【单选题】
抗利尿激素的作用是___
A. 保钠排钾
B. 增加远曲小管和集合管对水的通透性
C. 抑制远曲小管和集合管对钠的重吸收
D. 使血管平滑肌舒张
【单选题】
引起醛固酮分泌的最强刺激物质是___
A. 肾素
B. 血管紧张素Ⅰ
C. 血管紧张素Ⅱ
D. 血管紧张素Ⅲ
【单选题】
对尿浓缩、稀释没有影响的因素有___
A. 肾小球滤过面积的改变
B. 血液中尿素浓度的改变
C. 直小血管逆流交换作用的变化
D. 髓袢升支粗段对 Na+、Cl-的主动重吸收的改变
【单选题】
大量饮入清水后不属于尿量增多的原因有___
A. 血浆晶体渗透压下降
B. 抗利尿激素分泌减少
C. 渗透压感受器受刺激增强
D. 肾小球滤过率增多
【单选题】
对肾小管和集合管重吸收没有影响的激素有___
A. 肾上腺素
B. 心房钠尿肽
C. 醛固酮
D. 抗利尿激素
【单选题】
醛固酮的生理作用不包括___
A. 促进远曲小管和集合管对 Na+的重吸收
B. 促进远曲小管和集合管对 K+的排泄
C. 促进水的重吸收
D. 使血钾升高
【单选题】
常温下，皮肤的物理散热速度主要取决于___
A. 环境温度
B. 皮肤温度
C. 环境湿度和风速
D. 皮肤与环境温度差
【单选题】
用酒精擦浴的方法为高热病人降温的散热方式属于___散热
【单选题】
体温调节的基本中枢位于___
A. 延髓
B. 下丘脑
C. 视前区-下丘脑前部
D. 大脑皮层运动区
【单选题】
人体约 70%的能量来自___
A. 糖的氧化
B. 脂肪的氧化
C. 蛋白质的氧化
D. 维生素的氧化
【单选题】
进食后，使机体产生额外热量最多的食物是___
【单选题】
不符合测定基础代谢率条件的是___
A. 清醒、安静
B. 餐后 6 小时
C. 室温 25℃
D. 平卧，肌肉放松
【单选题】
关于排尿反射的描述，错误的是___
A. 排尿反射是正反馈
B. 腹下神经兴奋使逼尿肌收缩
C. 初级排尿中枢在脊髓骶段
D. 排尿受意识控制
【单选题】
脊髓骶段受损时，排尿障碍表现为___
A. 尿潴留
B. 尿失禁
C. 尿频
D. 尿急
【单选题】
交感缩血管神经纤维分布最密集的器官是___
【单选题】
交感神经缩血管纤维末梢释放的递质是___
A. 乙酰胆碱
B. 去甲肾上腺素
C. 5-羟色胺
D. 组胺
【单选题】
交感神经兴奋时对心脏的调节作用是___
A. 心率减慢心缩力加强
B. 心率减慢心心缩力减弱
C. 心率加快心缩力减弱
D. 心率加快及心缩力加强
【单选题】
调节阻力血管的神经是___
A. 交感神经缩血管纤维
B. 交感神经舒血管纤维
C. 副交感神经舒血管纤维
D. 迷走神经
【单选题】
心迷走神经末梢释放的递质是___
A. 乙酰胆碱
B. 肾上腺素
C. 去甲肾上腺素
D. 多巴胺
【单选题】
关于心迷走神经对心脏作用的描述，错误的是___
A. 心肌收缩力减弱
B. 作用于心肌细胞膜上的β 2 受体
C. 使心率减慢
D. 使房室传导速度减慢
【单选题】
下列可以调节心脏和血管的全身性体液因素中，错误的是___
A. 血管紧张素
B. 肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素
C. 血管升压素
D. 醛固酮
【单选题】
颈动脉窦、主动脉弓、 压力感受器传入冲动增多时可使___
A. 心迷走中枢紧张性加强
B. 心交感中枢紧张性增强
C. 心肌收缩力增强
D. 交感缩血管中枢紧张性增强
【单选题】
下列物质中，升压作用最强的是___
A. 血管紧张素Ⅱ
B. 血管升压素
C. 肾上腺素
D. 去甲肾上腺素
推荐试题
【单选题】
老虎与豹是属于同一科大动物。下列动物中也属该科的是___
【单选题】
生物是人类不可缺少的“朋友”，但目前正遇到___
A. 人工培育威胁
B. 种类减少威胁
C. 自相残杀威胁
D. 天外来客威胁
【单选题】
被发现在南非的古沉积岩中，地球上最早出现的绿色植物是___
A. 蕨类植物
B. 地衣
C. 蓝藻
D. 苔藓
【单选题】
植物、藻类利用叶绿素产生的光合作用过程中，在可见光的照射下，能将二氧化碳和水转化为有机物，释放出的是 ___
【单选题】
呼吸作用是生物体内的有机物在细胞内经过一系列的氧化分解，在释放出能量的同时，最终生成的主要是 ___
A. 氧气
B. 二氧化碳
C. 氮气
D. 不知道
【单选题】
晚上，植物与动物都不应该放入卧室内，要将其移到卧室外，这是因为它们会降低卧室内的___
A. 空气温度
B. 空气湿度
C. 氧气浓度
D. 氮气浓度
【单选题】
杂交优势往往在第几代杂交种子中表现最明显。___
【单选题】
以下不属于人体增强技术类型的是___
A. 短暂性增强
B. 持续性增强
C. 结构性增强
D. 内在增强
【单选题】
大陆漂移学说是由谁提出的___
A. 勒比雄
B. 魏格纳
C. 赫斯
D. 李四光
【单选题】
(1)Whieh of the following descriptions about the characteristics of physiology is wrong？___
A. It is the study of how living organisms work.
B. It illustrates the discipline of the development and the evolution of disease and the essence of disease.
C. It is to study the living phenomena and the function activities of living organs.
D. It is to explain how they are regulated and integrated.
【单选题】
(2) Which of the following are specialized in producing force and movement?___
A. muscle cells
B. connective tissues
C. nerve cells
D. epithelial cells
【单选题】
(3)The fluid environment surrounding each cell is called the___
A. intracellular fluid
B. intracellular fluid
C. internal environment
D. external environment
【单选题】
(4) Which of the following is not the fundamental characteristic of living organisms?___
A. metabolism
B. adaption
C. reproduction
D. passive diffusion
【单选题】
(5)Whicl of the following is a physiological process with negative feedback?___
A. blood coagulation
B. process of passing urine
C. sino-aortic baroreceptor reflex
D. process of parturition
【单选题】
(6)Which of the following is not the characteristic of regulation by hormone?___
A. diffusenin nature
B. longer in duration
C. accurate in action
D. action in overcorrection
【单选题】
7)Which of the following is not the characteristic of cells?___
A. They are bound by the plasma membrane
B. They have the ability to break down large molecules to smaller ones to Liberate energy for their activities
C. They possess a nucleus which contains genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA).
D. Living cells can not transform materials.
【单选题】
8)The breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones is called___
A. respiration
B. anabolism
C. catabolism
D. absorption
【单选题】
9) Which of the following descriptions about the characteristics of nervous regulation is wrong?___
A. It responds fast
B. It acts exactly
C. It responds slowly.D.
D. uration is short
【单选题】
10)Which of the following descriptions about the control of body function is wrong?___
A. Homeostasis is kept by feedback control.
B. Negative feedback minimizes the changes, leading to stability.
C. Positive feedback is not useful.
D. Feed-forward makes human body foresee and adapt itself to the environment promptly.
【单选题】
(1)Which of the following parts of knowledge of drugs should be included in pharmacology?___
A. The effects of drugs on man
B. The correlation of biological activity with chemical structure
C. The history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiologicaleffects, mechanisms of action, absorption, distrilbution, biotransformation and excretion.
D. The prevention, recognition, and treatment of drug poisonings
【单选题】
(2)Which of the following is what a clinician is primarily interested in according to the text?___
A. Drugs which can be reasonably limited to those aspects that provide the basis for their rational clinical use
B. Chemical agents that are not used in therapy but are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution
C. Drugs which are useful in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human disease,or in the prevention of pregnancy.
D. rugs which are useful in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human disease, or in the prevention of pregnancy.
【单选题】
(3)Why was the physician not interested in pharmacognosy?___
A. He didn't have to select the proper plants for his prescription
B. He had a broad botanical knowledge
C. Fewer drugs were obtained from natural sources
D. Natural drugs had little difference with synthetic ones
【单选题】
(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___
A. to have a broad botanical knowledge
B. to select a plant and its preparation
C. to have the ability to purify natural plants
D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs
【单选题】
(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___
A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines
B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines
C. dosage forms of medicines available
D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines
【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
