【单选题】
根据《民法通则》的规定,适用于做被监护人的是___。
A. 完全民事行为能力人
B. 被保险人
C. 残疾人
D. 未成年人和精神病人
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相关试题
【单选题】
在按照原因划分的风险种类中,具有形成的不可控制,形成周期性和引其后果的共沾性特征的风险属于___
A. 政治风险
B. 经济风险
C. 社会风险
D. 自然风险
【单选题】
以下___是保险与储蓄的相同点
A. 消费者相同
B. 消费目的相同
C. 受益期限相同
D. 同为“未雨绸缪”之计
【单选题】
下列不具有储蓄性的险种是___。
A. 终身寿险
B. 两全保险
C. 人身意外伤害保险
D. 以上都不是
【单选题】
未来某一时点的一定量现金在一定利率条件下折合到现在的价值称为___。
【单选题】
房屋内的金银首饰属于___
A. 可保财产
B. 不可保财产
C. 加费特约可保财产
D. 不加费特约可保财产
【单选题】
保险理赔是保险公司业务操作的重要环节,下列原则中属于理赔中应予遵循的原则是___。
A. 公司利润最大化
B. 尊重客观规律
C. 实事求是
D. 客户利益最大化
【单选题】
在风险管理中,损失的含义一般是指___
A. 经济损失
B. 折旧损失
C. 精神损失
D. 政治损失
【单选题】
强制保险是由国家(政府)通过法律或行政手段强制实施的一种保险。强制保险的特征是___。
A. 统一性、强制性
B. 全面性、统一性
C. 全面性、强制性
D. 强制性、制约性
【单选题】
按照《民法通则》规定,法人应当具备的条件包括___。
A. 依法成立
B. 有必要的财产或者经费
C. 有自己的名称、组织机构和场所
D. 如不能独立承担民事责任,需能够与他人共同承担民事责任
【单选题】
某电子设备有限公司为全体员工购买团体人寿保险,你认为不能作为被保险人的主题是___。
A. 该公司的在职职工
B. 该公司聘请的临时工
C. 该公司聘请的合同工
D. 该公司的退休人员
【单选题】
根据我国消费者权益保护法的规定,对符合中华人民共和国民事诉讼条件的消费者权益争议,人民法院的正确做法是___。
A. 可以不予受理
B. 说服其申请仲裁
C. 必须受理,暂缓受理
D. 必须受理,及时受理
【单选题】
在保险承保中,对于属于标准风险类别的保险标的,保险公司通常作出的承保决策是___。
A. 正常承保
B. 优惠承保
C. 有条件地承保
D. 拒保
【单选题】
在保险承保中,对于属于优质风险类别的保险标的,保险公司按低于标准费率的费率予以承保。这一承保决策属于___。
A. 正常承保
B. 优惠承保
C. 有条件地承保
D. 拒保
【单选题】
收入保障保险保障的内容之一是___。
A. 被保险人因自杀而致残疾的收入损失
B. 被保险人因吸毒而致残疾的收入损失
C. 被保险人因意外伤害而致残疾的收入损失
D. 被保险人因战争而致残疾的收入损失
【单选题】
在财产保险中,被保险人获得保险保障的最高经济限额是___。
A. 财产及其利益的实际价值
B. 财产及其利益的保险金额
C. 财产及其利益的预期价值
D. 财产及其利益的实际损失
【单选题】
在健康保险经营实务中,保险人为了控制风险、防止逆选择,通常规定一定的期间作为等待期(或观察期)。等待期的适用对象是___。
A. 初次投保健康保险的被保险人
B. 初次投保健康保险的投保人
C. 续效投保健康保险的被保险人
D. 续效投保健康保险的投保人
【单选题】
某被保险人投保100万元的财产保险,在保险期限内,由于第三者的责任导致被保险人的财产损失50万元,被保险人从第三者那里获得赔款40万元。同时被保险人又向保险人要求赔付50万元,对此保险人的处理方式是___。
A. 不予赔付
B. 赔10万元
C. 赔50万元
D. 赔40万元
【单选题】
某公众责任保险保单规定的每次事故赔偿限额是100万元,累计责任限额是1000万元,免赔额为1万元。如果一次公众责任事故导致受害人财产损失56万元,人身损失35万元,且依法全部由被保险人赔偿。则保险人承担的保险赔款金额是___。
A. 89万元
B. 90万元
C. 91万元
D. 100万元
【单选题】
一般来说,保险销售人员在为客户设计保险方案时应遵循的首要原则是___。
A. 高损失频率优先原则
B. 高额损失优先原则
C. 低损失频率优先原则
D. 低额损失优先原则
【单选题】
根据我国机动车辆保险条款的规定,下面情况属于车辆损失保险保险责任的有___等。
A. 保险车辆与其他车辆相撞,造成本车的损失
B. 保险车辆受所载货物撞击,造成本车的损失
C. 保险车辆轮胎爆裂的损失
D. 保险车辆所载货物的损失
【单选题】
保守秘密是保险代理从业人员的一项义务。这里所指的秘密是指___。
A. 客户和所属机构的秘密
B. 仅指客户的秘密
C. 仅指所属机构的秘密
D. 保险代理人相互之间的秘密
【单选题】
在保险实务中,财产保险合同的主体变更主要是指___。
A. 保险人和投保人的变更
B. 投保人和受益人的变更
C. 被保险人和代理人的变更
D. 投保人和被保险人的变更
【单选题】
保险代理从业人员职业道德的基础是___。
A. 诚实信用、公平竞争
B. 守法遵规、专业胜任
C. 客户至上、勤勉尽责
D. 公平竞争、保守秘密
【单选题】
按照《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》规定,投保人及其允许的合法驾驶人被称为___。
A. 关系人
B. 当事人
C. 受益人
D. 被保险人
【单选题】
在人身意外伤害保险中,保险期限不足一年,只有几天、几小时甚至更短时间的意外伤害保险属于___。
A. 极短期意外伤害保险
B. 临时性意外伤害保险
C. 一年期意外伤害保险
D. 较短期意外伤害保险
【单选题】
足额保险合同中,保险人支付保险赔款后,在取得保险标的全部所有权的条件下,保险人在处理标的物时所获得的利益如果超过所支付的赔偿金额,对超过部分的正确处理方式是___。
A. 归保险人
B. 归被保险人
C. 归第三者
D. 由保险双方比例分享
【单选题】
在保险活动中,被保险人一旦违反保证义务,保险人的正确处理方式是___。
A. 全部承担赔偿或给付保险金的责任
B. 部分的承担赔偿或给付保险金的责任
C. 不承担赔偿或给付保险金的责任,并不退还保险费
D. 不承担赔偿或给付保险金的责任,但可退还保险费
【单选题】
人身意外伤害保险提取的责任准备金属于___。
A. 长期性责任准备金
B. 寿险性责任准备金
C. 未到期责任准备金
D. 保障性责任准备金
【单选题】
在人身意外伤害保险中,除不可保意外伤害、特约保意外伤害以外的全部意外伤害统称为___。
A. 特殊可保意外伤害
B. 特别可保意外伤害
C. 一般可保意外伤害
D. 特定可保意外伤害
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,保险公司的业务范围分为财产保险和人寿保险。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,保险公司若要变更公司或者分支机构的营业场所,应当经保险监督管理机构批准。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,保险代理人是根据被保险人的委托,向保险人收取代理手续费,并在被保险人授权的范围内代位办理保险业务的机构或者个人。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,在财产保险中,保险事故发生时,被保险人无责任尽力采取必要的措施,防止或者减少损失。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,投保人提出保险要求,经保险人同意承保,并就合同条款达成协议,同时已收到投保人交来的全部保险费后,保险合同成立。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,被监管的保险公司的债权债务关系不因接管而发生变化。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,人身保险业务包括人寿保险、非人寿保险等业务。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,在人身保险合同中,如果被保险人同意投保人为其订立合同,视为投保人对被保险人具有保险利益。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,保险合同的形式可以是书面的,也可以是口头的。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,订立保险合同,保险人就保险标的或者被保险人的有关情况提出询问,但投保人、被保险人和受益人可以不予告知。
【判断题】
根据我国《保险法》的规定,保险公司有《中华人民共和国企业破产法》第二条规定情形的,无须经国务院保险监督管理机构同意,保险公司或者其债权人可以依法向人民法院申请重整、和解或者破产清算。
推荐试题
【单选题】
质量互变规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋势
【单选题】
质和事物的存在是___
A. 相互对立的
B. 相互包含的
C. 直接同一的
D. 相互转化的
【单选题】
在实际工作中,要注意掌握分寸,防止“过”或“不及”,其关键在于___
A. 抓住事物的主要矛盾
B. 确定事物的质
C. 认识事物的量
D. 把握事物的度
【单选题】
区分量变和质变的根本标志是看___
A. 事物的变化是否显著
B. 事物的变化是否迅速
C. 事物的某些属性是否发生了变化
D. 事物的变化是否超出度的范围
【单选题】
量变的复杂性是指___
A. 量变的程度发展不同
B. 量变形式的多样性和总的量变过程中有部分质变
C. 质变中有量的扩张
D. 量变有在度的范围内的变化和突破度的范围的变化
【单选题】
量变中的阶段性部分质变表现了___
A. 事物内部各部分之间变化的不平衡性
B. 事物整体与某些构成部分之间变化的不平衡性
C. 事物与事物之间变化的不平衡性
D. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化的不平衡性
【单选题】
量变中的局部性部分质变是___
A. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化不平衡性的表现
B. 事物的各个部分之间变化不平衡性的表现
C. 事物的内部矛盾和外部条件变化不平衡性的表现
D. 事物的量和质变化不平衡性的表现
【单选题】
揭示事物发展的趋势和道路的规律是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展规律
【单选题】
“肯定和否定相互渗透,在一定意义上,肯定就是否定。”这是一种___
A. 相对主义诡辩论的观点
B. 唯物辩证法的观点
C. 主观唯心主义的观点
D. 形而上学的观点
【单选题】
事物的否定方面是指___
A. 事物的积极方面
B. 事物的消极方面
C. 事物中维持其存在的方面
D. 事物中促使其灭亡的方面
【单选题】
作为辩证的否定的“扬弃”是___
A. 既保留又继承
B. 彻底抛弃
C. 既克服又保留
D. 矛盾的调和
【单选题】
辩证的否定是事物发展的环节,因为辩证的否定___
A. 把旧事物完全抛弃
B. 使旧事物发生量变
C. 是新事物产生、旧事物灭亡
D. 是从外部强加给事物的
【单选题】
否定之否定规律___
A. 在事物完成一个发展周期时才能完整地表现出来
B. 在事物发展过程中任何一点上都可以表现出来
C. 在事物经过量变和质变两种状态后表现出来
D. 在事物发展过程中经过肯定和否定两个阶段表现出来
【单选题】
事物发展的周期性体现了___
A. 事物发展的直线性与曲折性的统一
B. 事物发展是一个不断地回到出发点的运动
C. 事物发展的周而复始的循环性
D. 事物发展的前进性和曲折性的统一
【单选题】
直线论的错误在于只看到___
A. 事物发展的周期性而否认了前进性
B. 事物发展的前进性而否认了曲折性
C. 事物发展的间接性而否认了连续性
D. 事物发展的曲折性而否认了周期性
【单选题】
循环论的错误在于___
A. 只看到事物发展的普遍性,没有看到事物发展过程的特殊性
B. 只看到事物的绝对运动,没有看到事物的相对静止
C. 只看到事物发展道路的曲折性,没有看到事物发展趋势的前进性
D. 只看到新旧事物之间的连续性,没有看到新旧事物之间的间断性
【单选题】
对立统一规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋向
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的实质和核心是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展的规律
【单选题】
辩证法所说的矛盾是指___
A. 人们思维中的前后不一的自相矛盾
B. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的对立统一
C. 对立面之间的相互排斥
D. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的相互依赖
【单选题】
矛盾的基本属性是___
A. 普遍性和特殊性
B. 绝对性和相对性
C. 变动性和稳定性
D. 斗争性和同一性
【单选题】
依据是___
A. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性辩证关系的原理
B. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性辩证关系的原理
C. 事物发展的量变和质变辩证关系的原理
D. 事物发展的内因和外因辩证关系的原理
【单选题】
矛盾问题的精髓是___
A. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系的问题
B. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性关系的问题
C. 主要矛盾和次要矛盾关系的问题
D. 矛盾的主要方面和次要方面关系的问题
【单选题】
题的方法都是___
A. 重点论
B. 均衡论
C. 一点论
D. 两点论
【单选题】
“任何个别(无论怎样)都是一般”。这句话的正确含义是___
A. 特殊性就是普遍性
B. 特殊性存在于普遍性之中
C. 普遍性是特殊性的总和
D. 特殊性中包含普遍性
【单选题】
在唯物辩证法看来,水果同苹果、梨、香蕉、桔子等的关系是___
A. 共性和个性的关系
B. 整体和部分的关系
C. 本质和现象的关系
D. 内容和形式的关系
【单选题】
“是就是是,不是就是不是,除此之外都是鬼话。”这是一种___
A. 形而上学的观点
B. 相对主义的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 辩证法的观点
【单选题】
真象和假象的区别在于___
A. 真象是客观的,假象是主观的
B. 真象表现本质,假象不表现本质
C. 真象深藏于事物内部,假象外露于事物外部
D. 真象从正面直接地表现本质,假象从反面歪曲地表现本质
【单选题】
有的哲学家说,在大风扬起的尘土中,每一粒尘土的运动状况都是纯粹必然的。这是种___
A. 辩证唯物主义决定论的观点
B. 形而上学的机械决定论的观点
C. 唯心主义非决定论的观点
D. 庸俗唯物主义的观点
【单选题】
“或然率”是指___
A. 可能性在质上的一种科学说明和测定
B. 可能性在量上的一种科学说明和测定
C. 必然性的一种科学说明和判定
D. 偶然性的一种科学说明和测定
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?___
A. It is based on questionable statistics.
B. It reflects the economic changes.
C. It evidences the improved welfare.
D. It provides much food for thought.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B. It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C. It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.
D. It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.
【单选题】
大学生的成才目标是___。
A. 培养德智体美全面发展的人才
B. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者
C. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
D. 培养专业化、创新化的人才
【单选题】
世界政治格局发展的必然趋势是___。
A. “多极化”
B. 单边主义
C. 两极格局形成
D. 一超独霸
【单选题】
在全面发展的教育中德、智、体、美是缺一不可,统一存在的,其中处于主导地位的是___。
【单选题】
时代精神的内涵十分丰富,其中___居于核心地位。
A. 艰苦奋斗
B. 自强不息
C. 团结统一
D. 改革创新