【填空题】
29.严禁敲击、紧固有压力或带电的机车部件。检修前,必须切断压力来源,排尽___,切断电源,禁止带电作业。P61T278
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30.列车在沿途各站停车,调小机车在车站停留时,不论在任何情况下,乘务员必须坚守岗位,有人看守___。P62T284
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31.内、电机车整备作业进行主要试验包括：进行机车电气试验及___系统的机能试验。P69T317
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32.检查机车时，对不适宜锤检的部件应用___检查。P70T321
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33.检查机车时，手触检查主要适用于有关部件的温度、振动以及高压油管的___。P70T321
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34.使用___时要注意线夹接正极线时称为正灯;线夹接负极线时称为负灯。P71T323
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35.各触头、触指、接点的接触压力、___、超程不良时要及时调整。P77T350
【填空题】
36.温升是指电器部件温度与___温度之差。P80T360
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37.电器触头气隙空气中的强烈放电现象称为___。P80T361
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38.由于电弧产生强大的热量,它可将触头及其附近的零部件烧损,这样不但影响触头的导电性能,而且还会使电器部件受到损害,因此,必须采用___来灭弧。P80T361
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39.电弧跨越换向器或电刷装置表面，飞跃到换向器压圈、前端盖、磁极铁心或机座等处而接地，这种现象称为___。P80T363
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40.机车牵引力的传递过程为___→车架→牵引梁→缓冲器→从板→尾销→车钩。P81T366
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41.电器的触头在多次接通和断开有载电路后,它的接触表面将逐渐产生磨耗和损坏,这种现象称做电器触头的___。P85T379
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42.电刷边缘全部或大部分有强烈的火花。换向器上有黑痕,用汽油不能擦除,同时电刷上有灼痕。电机不允许在这种情况下长期运行。这样的火化等级为___级。P86T387
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43.用手晃动、拍击、拧动零件时用力要适当,防止损伤部件,尤其是检查线路接头与紧固件松紧度时,要___拧动。P90T399
【填空题】
44.粘度是内燃机车柴油机油主要性能参数之一,我国机油的分类就以此为依据。粘度指标通常以___来衡量。P91T401
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45.油脂粘度的变化取决于油脂的___。P91T401
【填空题】
46.机车牵引电动机的全悬挂分为架悬式和___。P94T414
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47.牵引电机全部支承在一系弹簧之上,就称为牵引电动机的___。P95T416
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48.由司机控制、通过制动装置产生的，与列车运行方向相反并可根据需要调节的外力称为___。P104T438
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49.以压缩空气为动力，通过控制传动装置使闸片压紧装在车轴___上制动盘产生摩擦而形成制动力的方式称为___。P104T439
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50.机车车辆制动时，闸瓦抱住车轮使其停止转动，车轮继续在钢轨上滑动，这种现象叫___。 P105T445
【填空题】
51.人工撒砂方法分为线式撒砂和___撒砂两种。P106T446
【填空题】
52.自阀___施行制动时起，至列车停车或缓解时止，列车所走行的距离叫___。P109T460
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53.在列车制动计算中,列车制动距离Sz 等于空走距离Sk 与___Se 之和。P109T460
【填空题】
54.《机车操作规则》规定:制动管定压为500kPa时,最大有效减压量为___。P109T462
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55.车轮擦伤后继续运行时,将对轨面产生锤击作用,___越高,锤击作用越大,不但增加了机车、车辆振动,缩短机车部件使用寿命,而且会损伤钢轨和线路。P110T467
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56.机车运行中出现蛇行运动、沉浮运动、摇头振动、侧滚运动,轮轨间清洁与接触状态变化以及机车各动轮直径的大小差异,使轮轨间发生某种程度的滑动,都会使___系数发生变化。P112T470
【填空题】
57.在列车制动初期,列车中各车辆的制动缸压力要经过一段时间自列车前部向列车后部顺序产生并逐渐达到___。P112T471
【填空题】
58.列车起动时,几乎没有___阻力,以轴颈与轴承的摩擦为主。P113T476
【填空题】
59.列车的附加阻力包括坡道阻力、___和隧道阻力。P113T477
【填空题】
60.列车运行在曲线地段时,由于内、外轨___的不同将使车轮相对于钢轨的纵向、横向滑动加剧。P113T478
【填空题】
61.未加装切换阀的机车：制动缸压力=2.5×___。P113T480
【填空题】
62.由于列车起动时的阻力较大,特别是重载、长大货物列车在起动时,若列车中大部分车辆的车钩是处于___状态的,可能使列车起动困难。P114T484
【填空题】
63.货物列车压缩车钩时的退行距离要根据实际情况适当掌握,禁止因压缩车钩不当造成列车尾部越过___。P114T484
【填空题】
64.运行中施行常用制动时,应考虑列车速度、线路情况、牵引辆数和吨数、车辆种类以及闸瓦压力等条件,准确掌握制动时机和___。P115T486
【填空题】
65.列车施行常用制动时，货物列车运行速度在___以下时，不应缓解列车制动。P115T486
【填空题】
66.少量减压停车后，应追加减压至___及以上。P115T486
【填空题】
67.运行中需要调速时,应首先使用动力制动,当动力制动不能控制列车___时,要及时配合使用空气制动。P116T487
【填空题】
68.列车在长大下坡道运行需缓解列车制动时,应先缓解空气制动,再逐步解除___制动。P119T495
【填空题】
69.列车进站前施行调速制动,待列车到预定地点且速度降至所需要速度时进行缓解;进站充满风后再次施行停车制动,使列车停于站内预定地点,这种操纵方法叫作___。P119T498
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British Cabinet works on the principle of .
A. A. collective responsibility
B. B. individual responsibility
C. C. defending the collectivism
D. D. defending the individuals
【单选题】
The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .
A. A. make decisions
B. B. give advice
C. C. pass bills
D. D. supervise the Cabinet
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is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.
A. A.Ralph Ellison
B. B. Tony Morrison
C. C. Richard Wright
D. D. James Baldwin
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Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.
A. A. Alice Walker
B. B. Ernest Hemingway
C. C. William Faulkner
D. D. Eugene O’Neil
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Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.
A. A. The Sun Also Rises
B. B. The Sound and the Fury
C. C. A Farewell to Arms
D. D. For Whom the Bell Tolls
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F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about
A. A. The Great Gatsby, the American Dream
B. B. Tender is the Night, love
C. C. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneself
D. D. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature
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Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.
A. A. Stephen Crane
B. B. Frank Norris
C. C. Theodore Dreiser
D. D. Herman Melville
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Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.
A. A. colloquial speech
B. B. a sense of humor
C. C. a realistic view
D. D. an idealistic view
【单选题】
Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.
A. A. The Last of the Mohicans
B. B. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
C. C. Moby Dick
D. D. Daisy Miller
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Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.
A. A. The Scarlet Letter
B. B. The House of the Seven Gables
C. C. The Marble Faun
D. D. Nature
【单选题】
is regarded as “the father of American literature”.
A. A. James Fennimore Cooper
B. B. Ralph Waldo
C. C. Thomas Jefferson
D. D. Washington Irving
【单选题】
Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.
A. A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen Poe
B. B. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan Edwards
C. C. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan Edwards
D. D. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving
【单选题】
The National Day of the United States falls on .
A. A. June 4th
B. B. July 4th
C. C. June 14th
D. D. July 14th
【单选题】
Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.
A. A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)
B. B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)
C. C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)
D. D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)
【单选题】
is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.
A. A. The Washington Post
B. B. The New York Times
C. C. Los Angeles Times
D. D. New York Daily News
【单选题】
Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.
A. A. Harvard University
B. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
C. C. Princeton University
D. D. Yale University
【单选题】
To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .
A. A. attending lectures and completing assignments
B. B. passing examinations
C. C. working for communities
D. D. earning a certain number of credits
【单选题】
Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.
A. A. choosing the president
B. B. establishing policies for administrators and faculty
C. C. approving budget and other financial project
D. D. decide which student to enroll
【单选题】
Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.
A. A. universities and colleges
B. B. research institutions
C. C. technical institutions
D. D. community colleges
【单选题】
Higher education in the United States began with the founding of
A. A. Yale University
B. B. Harvard University
C. C. Princeton University
D. D. New York University
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Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.
A. A. mathematics and languages
B. B. politics and business education
C. C. science and social studies
D. D. music and physical education
【单选题】
Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.
A. A. kindergarten
B. B. public
C. C. elementary
D. D. private
【单选题】
At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.
A. A. 10%
B. B. 15%
C. C. 20%
D. D. 25%
【单选题】
is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.
A. A. Ford
B. B. General Motors
C. C. Chrysler
D. D. American Motors
【单选题】
The following statements are all true except .
A. A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.
B. B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.
C. C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.
D. D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.
【单选题】
About of American crops are for export.
A. A. half
B. B. one third
C. C. one fourth
D. D. one fifth
【单选题】
President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except .
A. A. Medicare
B. B. Food Stamps
C. C. Education Initiatives
D. D. Unemployment Pension
【单选题】
The following inventions took place during the “second indThe following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution” except .
A. A. typewriter
B. B. telephone
C. C. electric light
D. D. refrigerator
【单选题】
The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .
A. A. George Washington
B. B. Thomas Jefferson
C. C. Andrew Jackson
D. D. Alexander Hamilton
【单选题】
Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.
A. A. political authority
B. B. economic rights
C. C. judicial authority
D. D. diplomatic authority
【单选题】
The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually, to .
A. A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy
B. B. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy
C. C. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economy
D. D. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy
【单选题】
America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except .
A. A. machinery
B. B. automobiles
C. C. ore
D. D. chemicals
【单选题】
The President is directly voted into office by .
A. A. all citizens of America
B. B. the citizens over 18 years old
C. C. electors elected by the voters
D. D. the senators and representatives
【单选题】
The Supreme Court is composed of justices.
A. A. six
B. B. seven
C. C. eight
D. D. nine
【单选题】
The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.
A. A. two, four
B. B. two, three
C. C. two, six
D. D. six, two
【单选题】
According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .
A. A. at least 35 years old
B. B. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United States
C. C. born in America
D. D. all of the above
【单选题】
The following except are all powers of the President.
A. A. vetoing any bills passed by Congress
B. B. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur
C. C. making laws
D. D. issuing executive orders
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All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.
A. A. the Senator
B. B. the Representative
C. C. the Secretary of State
D. D. the President
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The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
A. A. freedom of religion
B. B. the right to get into people’s house by police
C. C. freedom of speech and of press
D. D. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes
【单选题】
The Bill of Rights .
A. A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President
B. B. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms
C. C. is part of the Declaration of Independence
D. D. has no relationship with the Constitution
