【多选题】
从1953年起,计划分配调拨体制开始在全国铺开。这反映了中国计划经济体制___
A. 是新生国家政权的基础
B. 随着行政区域的扩大逐步建立
C. 是在宪法原则下建立的
D. 随着工业化建设的进行而建立
查看试卷,进入试卷练习
微信扫一扫,开始刷题
相关试题
【多选题】
20世纪50年代初,中国面临的困难是“能造桌子椅子,能造茶碗茶壶,能种粮食,还能磨成面粉,还能造纸,但是,一辆汽车、一架飞机、一辆坦克、一辆拖拉机都不能造”。这是我国___的背景。
A. 推行土地改革
B. 组织人民公社
C. 实施“一五”计划
D. 发动“大跃进”
【多选题】
我国进入社会主义初级阶段的重要标志是___
A. 中华人民共和国的建立
B. 社会主义改造的完成
C. 全国大陆的统一
D. 土地改革的顺利完成
【多选题】
社会主义改造完成后,我国政治生活的主题是___
A. 坚持四项基本原则
B. 大力发展生产力
C. 正确处理人民内部矛盾
D. 依法治国
【多选题】
社会主义改造完成后的相当长时间内我国国内的主要矛盾是___
A. 人民对于经济文化迅速发展的需要同当前经济文化不能满足人民需要状况之间的矛盾
B. 先进的生产关系同落后的生产力之间的矛盾
C. 无产阶级与资产阶级之间的矛盾
D. 社会主义道路与资本主义道路之间的矛盾
【多选题】
社会主义改造完成后,党的中心任务是___
A. 正确处理人民内部矛盾
B. 集中力量发展社会生产力,建设社会主义强国
C. 进行思想、政治战线上的社会主义革命
D. 坚持无产阶级专政下的继续革命
【多选题】
我国对个体手工业进行社会主义改造的主要方式是___
A. 赎买
B. 统购统销
C. 公私合营
D. 合作化
【多选题】
我国新民主主义革命阶段的基本结束和社会主义革命阶段开始的标志是___
A. 新中国的成立
B. 土地改革的完成
C. 社会主义改造的完成
D. 过渡时期的结束
【多选题】
李先念说:“1954年入秋以来……农村里食油、粉条、豆腐、熟食等供应不足。特别严重的是,不少地方,农民……积肥不热心,春耕准备不积极,生产情绪不高。”造成这一现象的主要原因是___
A. 以美国为首的西方帝国主义国家的封锁
B. 连续三年的自然灾害和苏联援建项目的撤销
C. 农业的社会主义改造存在过急过粗问题
D. 人民公社化运动严重挫伤了农民生产积极性
【多选题】
“农村和城市郊区的土地,除由法律规定属于国家所有的以外,属于集体所有;宅基地和自留地、自留山,也属于集体所有……这种土地制度并没有从根本上改变土地的集体所有的性质,只是将土地的所有权、经营权分开了”。这里描述的是___
A. 建国初期土地改革
B. 农业社会主义改造
C. 人民公社化运动
D. 家庭联产承包责任制
【多选题】
中共中央在建国后某年发布《关于春耕生产给各级党委的指示》,10天后《人民日报》发表 “领导农业生产的关键所在”的社论。这些文件指出,领导农业生产要从小农经济现状出发,否则,生产会受到损失。这说明中共中央认识到___
A. 小农经济自私保守不利农业发展
B. 合作化运动要保护个体农民利益
C. 政社合一是农业发展的必由之路
D. 统分结合才能全面振兴农村经济
【多选题】
中国从新民主主义向社会主义过渡的主要条件是___
A. 近代中国资本主义经济及现代工业初步发展
B. 社会主义国营经济的壮大
C. 无产阶级政党的领导
D. 有利的国际因素
E. 人民民主专政国家政权的建立
【多选题】
在中国进行社会主义改造的目的是___
A. 消灭富农分子
B. 消灭资本家
C. 确立社会主义生产关系
D. 健全社会主义上层建筑
E. 继续解放和发展生产力
【多选题】
具有中国特色的社会主义改造道路的内容是___
A. 社会主义工业化和社会主义改造同时并举
B. 通过一系列逐步过渡的由低级到高级的社会主义改造形式
C. 和平改造特别是对资产阶级实现了和平赎买
D. 对内改造和对外开放相结合
E. 对经济制度的改造与对人的改造相结合
【多选题】
党在过渡时期的总路线主要内容是___
A. 没收官僚垄断资本和民族资本
B. 没收地主的土地
C. 逐步实现社会主义的工业化
D. 逐步实现对农业、手工业、资本主义工商业的社会主义改造
E. 没收外国资本
【多选题】
新中国成立初期的新民主主义经济成分有___
A. 国营经济
B. 合作社经济
C. 国家资本主义经济
D. 个体经济
E. 私人资本主义经济
【多选题】
我国新民主主义社会的主要特点有___
A. 既有社会主义的因素又有资本主义的因素
B. 公有制经济是主体
C. 既有国营经济又有个体经济
D. 它的前途是社会主义社会
E. 政治上实行人民民主专政
【多选题】
以下判断正确的有___
A. 中华人民共和国的成立标志着新民主主义革命的结束
B. 1949-1952年,我国广泛发展了初级形式的国家资本主义
C. 我党在1955年提出过渡时期总路线
D. 我国“一五”计划的完成时间早于三大改造的结束
E. 七届二中全会讨论了建设新民主主义社会的问题
【多选题】
对资本主义民族工商业实行保护政策的含义是___
A. 利用其有利于国计民生的积极作用
B. 没收其财产归新民主主义国家所有
C. 限制其不利于国计民生的消极作用
D. 调整其不合理的经济结构
E. 消灭其剥削性质的生产关系
【多选题】
我国的社会主义改造也有一些失误和偏差。主要是___
A. 对农业和手工业的改造要求过急,工作过粗,改变过快,形式也过于简单
B. 指导思想上急于求成
C. 对公有制实现形式的选择和理解过于简单化
D. 追求纯粹的单一的社会主义经济成分
E. 对什么是社会主义还没有完全搞清楚
【多选题】
在我国确立社会主义基本制度具有十分重大的意义,因为社会主义制度的确立___
A. 使我国从一个半殖民地半封建社会进入到社会主义
B. 为我国的现代化建设创造了制度条件
C. 使广大劳动人民真正成为国家和社会生产资料的主人
D. 是世界社会主义运动史上的一个历史性的伟大胜利
E. 以中国的社会主义实践经验丰富和发展了马克思主义的科学社会主义理论
【多选题】
虽然社会主义改造遗留了一些问题,但必须肯定的基本事实是,这场深刻的社会变革是在___
A. 保证国民经济基本上稳定发展的情况下实现的
B. 与资产阶级进行斗争并取得胜利的情况下实现的
C. 坚持马克思主义正确指导的情况下实现的
D. 社会主义工业化取得突破性发展的情况下实现的
E. 人民群众基本上普遍拥护的情况下实现的
【多选题】
在新民主主义社会中各种非社会主义因素是___
A. 私人资本主义经济
B. 个体经济
C. 国家资本主义经济中的私人成分
D. 民族资产阶级作为一个阶级参加国家政权
E. 资产阶级思想以及各种非无产阶级思想
【多选题】
对资本主义工商业的社会主义改造采取的形式是___
A. 加工订货
B. 统购包销
C. 经销代销
D. 个别公私合营
E. 全行业公私合营
【多选题】
中国共产党在探索中国建设道路过程中的理论成就有___
A. 毛泽东《论十大关系》的发表
B. 中共“八大”制定的路线
C. 毛泽东《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》的重要讲话
D. 党在过渡时期总路线的制定
E. 大跃进路线的制定
【多选题】
改革开放前我国社会主义建设的教训主要有___
A. 把变革生产关系绝对化
B. 机械地理解马克思主义
C. 强调以阶级斗争为纲
D. 混淆社会主义本质、特征和体制的区别
E. 强调党的领导
【多选题】
新民主主义时期我国基本的阶级力量包括___
A. 工人阶级
B. 贫下中农
C. 民族资产阶级
D. 富农阶级
E. 城市小资产阶级
【多选题】
我国的农业生产关系经历以下几个阶段的变革___
A. 土地改革
B. 初级社
C. 互助组
D. 高级社
E. 人民公社
【多选题】
社会主义改造成功的历史经验包括___
A. 坚持社会主义工业化建设与社会主义改造同时并举
B. 采取积极引导、逐步过渡方式
C. 在改造过程中采取的实际步骤,以不破坏生产力发展为前提
D. 用和平方法进行改造
E. 以整齐划一的形式对私营工商业进行改造
【多选题】
在新民主主义社会的多种经济成分中,属于社会主义性质或半社会主义性质的经济成分是___
A. 国营经济
B. 资本主义经济
C. 个体经济
D. 外资经济
E. 合作社经济
【多选题】
在新民主主义社会的多种经济成分中,主要的经济成分是___
A. 社会主义经济
B. 个体经济
C. 外资经济
D. 资本主义经济
E. 合作社经济
【多选题】
1956年全国高考的作文试题是:“我生活在幸福的年代”。下列发生在这个“年代”里的事件是 ___
A. 社会主义建设总路线的提出
B. 社会主义改造的完成
C. 社会主义制度基本确立
D. 一五计划即将完成
E. 人民公社制度建立
【多选题】
在新民主主义社会中,社会主义因素与资本主义因素之间不可避免地存在着___
A. 社会主义和资本主义的发展方向的斗争
B. 限制和反限制的斗争
C. 守法和违法的斗争
D. 改造和被改造的斗争
E. 革命和反革命的斗争
【多选题】
我国对资本主义工商业的社会主义改造之所以能采用和平赎买的方式,是因为___
A. 民族资产阶级有拥护宪法、接受社会主义改造的一面
B. 中国共产党和民族资产阶级有长期的合作和统一战线关系
C. 工人阶级和民族资产阶级的对抗性的矛盾可以转化为非对抗性的矛盾
D. 我国已有了以工人阶级为领导、工农联盟为基础的人民民主国家政权
E. 强大的国营经济掌握了国家经济命脉,造成私人资本主义在经济上对社会主义的依赖
【多选题】
对资本主义工商业实行和平赎买,有利于___
A. 发挥私营工商业在国际民生方面的积极性,促进国民经济的发展
B. 有利于争取和团结民族资产阶级
C. 有利于团结各民主党派和各界爱国民主人士,巩固和发展统一战线
D. 有利于发挥民族资产阶级中大多数人的知识、才能、技术专长和管理经验
E. 有利于争取和团结与民族资产阶级相联系的知识分子为社会主义建设服务
【多选题】
没有违背生产关系一定要适应生产力发展这一客观规律的是___
A. 三大改造
B. 全国领土基本解放
C. 人民公社化运动
D. 大跃进
E. 社会主义工业化
【多选题】
在探索我国社会主义建设道路的问题上,毛泽东关于正确处理经济建设和社会发展中一系列重大关系的重要著作是___
A. 《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》
B. 《论十大关系》
C. 《国家预算要保证重点建设又要照顾人民生活》
D. 《社会主义革命的目的是解放是生产力》
【多选题】
毛泽东提出社会主义社会基本矛盾和两类不同性质矛盾的学说的著作是___
A. 《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》
B. 《论十大关系》
C. 《国家预算要保证重点建设又要照顾人民生活》
D. 《社会主义革命的目的是解放是生产力》
【多选题】
在探索适合中国国情的社会主义经济建设道路上,提出“三个主体,三个补充”思想的是___
A. 刘少奇
B. 周恩来
C. 邓小平
D. 陈云
【多选题】
在探索适合中国国情的社会主义道路问题上,主要在农业生产中实行同产量联系起来的责任制的是___
A. 刘少奇
B. 周恩来
C. 邓小平
D. 陈云
【多选题】
在探索适合中国国情的社会主义道路的问题上,提出整顿工业企业,改善和加强企业管理,实行职工代表大会制等观点的是___
A. 刘少奇
B. 周恩来
C. 邓小平
D. 陈云
推荐试题
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的实质和核心是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展的规律
【单选题】
辩证法所说的矛盾是指___
A. 人们思维中的前后不一的自相矛盾
B. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的对立统一
C. 对立面之间的相互排斥
D. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的相互依赖
【单选题】
矛盾的基本属性是___
A. 普遍性和特殊性
B. 绝对性和相对性
C. 变动性和稳定性
D. 斗争性和同一性
【单选题】
依据是___
A. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性辩证关系的原理
B. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性辩证关系的原理
C. 事物发展的量变和质变辩证关系的原理
D. 事物发展的内因和外因辩证关系的原理
【单选题】
矛盾问题的精髓是___
A. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系的问题
B. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性关系的问题
C. 主要矛盾和次要矛盾关系的问题
D. 矛盾的主要方面和次要方面关系的问题
【单选题】
题的方法都是___
A. 重点论
B. 均衡论
C. 一点论
D. 两点论
【单选题】
“任何个别(无论怎样)都是一般”。这句话的正确含义是___
A. 特殊性就是普遍性
B. 特殊性存在于普遍性之中
C. 普遍性是特殊性的总和
D. 特殊性中包含普遍性
【单选题】
在唯物辩证法看来,水果同苹果、梨、香蕉、桔子等的关系是___
A. 共性和个性的关系
B. 整体和部分的关系
C. 本质和现象的关系
D. 内容和形式的关系
【单选题】
“是就是是,不是就是不是,除此之外都是鬼话。”这是一种___
A. 形而上学的观点
B. 相对主义的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 辩证法的观点
【单选题】
真象和假象的区别在于___
A. 真象是客观的,假象是主观的
B. 真象表现本质,假象不表现本质
C. 真象深藏于事物内部,假象外露于事物外部
D. 真象从正面直接地表现本质,假象从反面歪曲地表现本质
【单选题】
有的哲学家说,在大风扬起的尘土中,每一粒尘土的运动状况都是纯粹必然的。这是种___
A. 辩证唯物主义决定论的观点
B. 形而上学的机械决定论的观点
C. 唯心主义非决定论的观点
D. 庸俗唯物主义的观点
【单选题】
“或然率”是指___
A. 可能性在质上的一种科学说明和测定
B. 可能性在量上的一种科学说明和测定
C. 必然性的一种科学说明和判定
D. 偶然性的一种科学说明和测定
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?___
A. It is based on questionable statistics.
B. It reflects the economic changes.
C. It evidences the improved welfare.
D. It provides much food for thought.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B. It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C. It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.
D. It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.
【单选题】
大学生的成才目标是___。
A. 培养德智体美全面发展的人才
B. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者
C. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
D. 培养专业化、创新化的人才
【单选题】
世界政治格局发展的必然趋势是___。
A. “多极化”
B. 单边主义
C. 两极格局形成
D. 一超独霸
【单选题】
在全面发展的教育中德、智、体、美是缺一不可,统一存在的,其中处于主导地位的是___。
【单选题】
时代精神的内涵十分丰富,其中___居于核心地位。
A. 艰苦奋斗
B. 自强不息
C. 团结统一
D. 改革创新
【单选题】
民族精神是一个民族赖以生存和发展的精神支撑。中华民族在五千年的发展中所形成的伟大民族精神的核心是___。
A. 爱国主义
B. 人道主义
C. 科学主义
D. 革命英雄主义
【单选题】
下列名言反映中华民族是一个艰苦奋斗的民族的有___。
A. 艰难困苦,玉汝于成
B. 先天下之忧而忧
C. 生于忧患,死于安乐
D. 民无信不立
【单选题】
10。___是我们立党立国的根本指导思想
A. 马克思主义
B. 社会主义荣辱观
C. 社会主义思想道德
D. 爱国主义11. 当代大学生的历史使命是(A)
【单选题】
衡量大学生全面发展的一个重要标准是___
A. 知识渊博
B. 品质高尚
C. 德才兼备
D. 知行统一
【单选题】
独立生活意识指___
A. 自己的事情自己处理不需要别人管
B. 自己想干什么就干什么
C. 树立自信、自律、自立、自强的精神
D. 天马行空独来独往
【单选题】
___作为社会主义核心价值体系的精髓,解决的是应当具备什么样的精神状态和精神风貌的问题。
A. 马克思主义的指导地位
B. 中国特色社会主义的共同理想
C. 民族精神和时代精神
D. 社会主义荣辱观
【单选题】
人们对生活在其中的世界及人与世界的关系的总的看法和根本观点就是___
A. 世界观
B. 人生观
C. 价值观
D. 历史观
【单选题】
人生观的核心是___
A. 人生意义
B. 人生目的
C. 人生态度
D. 人生价值
【单选题】
人的本质属性是___
A. 自然属性
B. 自私自利
C. 社会属性
D. 趋利避害
【单选题】
社会主义社会人生价值标准是___
A. 是否拥有金钱财富
B. 自我价值实现的程度
C. 宗教信仰是否虔诚
D. 是否为人民群众尽心尽力服务
【单选题】
回答人为什么活着___
A. 人生态度
B. 人生目的
C. 人生价值
D. 人生意义
【单选题】
表明人应当怎样对待生活___
A. 人生态度
B. 人生目的
C. 人生价值
D. 人生意义
【单选题】
判别什么样的人生才有意义___
A. 人生态度
B. 人生目的
C. 人生价值
D. 价值取向
【单选题】
下列人生态度中正确的是___
A. 认真务实
B. 看破红尘
C. 悲观消沉
D. 满足于现状
【单选题】
下列属于正确的人生目的的是___
A. 追求享乐
B. 为人民服务
C. 追求金钱
D. 追求个人利益