【单选题】
凡在时间或空间上失去控制的燃烧所造成的灾害，称为___。（易）
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【单选题】
热通过直接接触的物体从温度较高部位传递到温度较低部位的现象，叫做___。（中）
A. 热传导
B. 热对流
C. 热辐射
D. 热传播
【单选题】
热通过流动介质将热量由空间中的一处传到另一处的现象，叫做___。（中）
A. 热传导
B. 热辐射
C. 热对流
D. 热传播
【单选题】
以电磁波形式传递热量的现象称为___。（中）
A. 热传导
B. 热对流
C. 热辐射
D. 热传播
【单选题】
在扑救高层建筑火灾中，疏散和救助遇险和遇难人员的基本顺序是___。（易）
A. 先着火层、再着火上层、后着火下层
B. 先着火上层、再着火层、后着火下层
C. 先着火下层、再着火上层、后着火层
D. 先着火层、再着火下层、后着火上层
【单选题】
扑救高层建筑火灾的战术要求是___（易）
A. 以固为主，固移结合
B. 内攻近战
C. 救人第一
D. 上堵下防
【单选题】
在对密闭房间进行排烟时，为防止发生轰燃应采取的措施是___（难）
A. 逐渐开启排烟口，使用开花水枪掩护
B. 先开启进风口，再开启排烟口
C. 先开启排烟口，再用大量水稀释
D. 减少排烟口数量和面积
【单选题】
扑救原油罐火灾进攻有利时机是：___。（中）
A. 沸溢、喷溅之前
B. 沸溢、喷溅之时
C. 局部发生燃烧
D. 灭火剂准备充足
【单选题】
具有“热波特性”的油品是___。（中）
A. 原油
B. 汽油
C. 柴油
D. 航空煤油
【单选题】
火灾时易发生沸溢、喷溅现象的油品是___。（易）
【单选题】
扑救油罐火灾首选灭火剂是___。（易）
A. 二氧化碳
B. 水
C. 氟蛋白泡沫
D. 干粉
【单选题】
扑救相互毗连的大型商场火灾时，力量部署应以___为主，并设立第二道防线。（易）
A. 下风方向
B. 上风方向
C. 重要目标
D. 蔓延方向
【单选题】
扑救露天堆垛火灾，保护邻近未燃堆垛时，应用___全面覆盖未燃堆垛，降低堆垛表面温度，防止成为新火点。（易）
A. 直流水枪
B. 开花水枪
C. 泡沫管枪
D. 喷雾水枪
【单选题】
对能溶于水的有毒或刺激性气体，可喷射雾状水流，降低其在空气中的___。（中）
【单选题】
当发现有大量毒气扩散，且短时间内难以控制时，消防人员应协同有关部门及时疏散可能遭遇毒气侵害的人员，特别要先疏散毒源___受威胁的人员。（易）
A. 上风方向
B. 下风方向
C. 沾染区域
D. 扩散区域
【单选题】
扑救有毒区域的火灾，水源的选用、水枪阵地的选择，在不影响火灾扑救效果的前提下，坚持从___方向进攻为主的原则。（易）
A. 上风
B. 下风
C. 侧上风
D. 侧下风
【单选题】
消防人员在有毒区域进行侦察、排险、灭火等行动时，应以___为单位，不可单独行动。（易）
【单选题】
有毒区域是指存在或通过___能产生有毒物质的区域。（难）
A. 燃烧
B. 化学反应
C. 分解
D. 化合反应
【单选题】
在扑救列车火灾时，在数节车厢同时起火的情况下，要运用___等战术方法灭火。（中）
A. 堵截包围
B. 两侧夹击
C. 确保重点、按轻重缓急
D. 逐节消灭
【单选题】
在扑救危险品仓库火灾时，当火场爆炸危险性大，连续爆炸难以制止，并威胁人员安全时，应___。（易）
A. 迅速撤离现场，在外围做好战斗准备
B. 强攻近战，利用大流量水进行冷却
C. 以快制快，迅速控制爆炸发生
D. 对危险物品的实施疏散和保护
【单选题】
适用于油罐固定灭火设备液下喷射的灭火剂是___。（中）
A. 氟蛋白泡沫
B. 普通蛋白泡沫
C. 高倍数泡沫
D. 清水泡沫
【单选题】
扑救危险品仓库火灾时，应采用___战术措施，适时消灭火灾。（中）
A. “冷却防爆、强攻近战”
B. “重点突破、逐片消灭”
C. “分段合击、区域窒息”
D. “堵截包围、阵地为主”
【单选题】
当钢构件自身温度达到___时，其强度下降1/2。（易）
A. 350℃
B. 500℃
C. 600℃
D. 800℃
【单选题】
当钢构件自身温度达到350℃时，其强度下降___（易）
A. 1/3
B. 1/2
C. 2/3
D. 3/4
【单选题】
在全负荷情况下，使钢构件失去平衡稳定性的临界温度为___。（易）
A. 350℃
B. 500℃
C. 600℃
D. 800℃
【单选题】
应急救援的效能，不由哪些组织协调、决策能力、救援人员素质、装备技术等要素决定？___
A. 领导能力
B. 决策能力
C. 救援人员素质
D. 组织协调
【单选题】
各级政府应急救援指挥体系，应以反应快速灵敏为要求，对现有的应急联动指挥平台进行整合，统一规划、统一投入、统一建设___
A. 传达及时
B. 反应快速灵敏
C. 报告准确
D. 响应迅速
【单选题】
下列哪个国家，每个州均独立管理消防事务，设有城市消防局和乡村消防局两个消防部门，主要职能包括火灾预防，火灾、交通事故、水灾、地震等灾害事故救援、化学事故处置等。___
A. 美国
B. 澳大利亚
C. 芬兰
D. 德国
【单选题】
以下哪项不是倒塌事故的救援方法?___
A. 隧道救助法
B. 战壕救助法
C. 穿墙救助法
D. 巷道救助法
【单选题】
地面建筑坍塌事故特点不包括?___
A. 内部设施设备损坏严重，难以正常运转。
B. 需要的救援力量多，情况复杂，救援难度大、时间长，大型救援装备使用困难。
C. 工程通道少、结构简易，人员疏散困难。
D. 容易造成大量人员伤亡，社会影响大。
【单选题】
火灾情况下建筑倒塌因素不包括？___
A. 高温作用。
B. 人为破坏。
C. 超重荷载作用。
D. 低劣工程质量。
【单选题】
下列哪一项不属于处理施工中建筑倒塌事故的措施？___
A. 清理倒塌建筑边缘部位的建筑材料、施工机械和其他堆放物品，建立抢险救援平台和救援车辆通道，开展救援行动。
B. 调用市政部门的大型铲车、吊车、推土机、运输车等机械设备，对建筑倒塌堆垛边清理、边搜寻人员。
C. 救援受出入口影响，加之空间有限，难以使用大型挖掘、起吊装备，应使用破拆、切割、撑顶等装备进行施救。
D. 对救出的受伤人员，以医疗急救部门为主实施现场急救，伤情较重的应立即送往医院进行救治。
【单选题】
处置易燃可燃液体泄漏事故处置时，抢险人员一定要专业、精干，并严格按照（）级防护等级进行个人防护。___
【单选题】
天然气为无色无味的易燃气体，其83%～99%的成分为（）。天然气液态相对密度(水=1)约为0.45，由液态变为气态体积扩大600倍，爆炸极限为5%～14%。遇火源、热源有着火爆炸危险，与氯气、次氯酸、液氧等强氧化剂接触剧烈反应。吸入高浓度的天然气能造成人窒息死亡。___
【单选题】
与氯气泄露事故相比，哪一项是氨气泄漏事故所特有的？___
A. 扩散迅速，危害范围大。
B. 易造成大量人员中毒伤亡。
C. 易发生爆炸燃烧。
D. 污染环境，洗消困难。
【单选题】
下列哪一项气体泄露，一般不会发生爆炸？___
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是处置液化石油气的行动要求？___
A. 正确选择停车位置和进攻路线。
B. 设立现场安全员，确定撤离信号，实施全程动态仪器检测。
C. 作业人员在泄漏区域的下水道或地下空间的顶部、井口处、储罐两端等处进行处置。
D. 调集一定数量的消防车在泄漏区域附近集结待命。
【单选题】
夜间交通事故处置，应调派（）到场。___
A. 照明车
B. 供电车
C. 器材供应车
D. 牵引车
【单选题】
铁路交通事故极易造成人员群死群伤，特别是___，人员的伤亡率更高。
A. 列车脱轨事故
B. 列车之间相撞事故
C. 列车颠覆事故
D. 列车与人相撞事故
【单选题】
船舶事故是指船舶（客船、货船、油气船等）在内河或海域由于相撞、触礁、操作不当、系统失控、气象影响等原因发生爆炸燃烧、搁浅翻沉等，造成人员伤亡和财产损失的灾害。下列哪项不是该种事故的特点？___
A. 事故危害严重。
B. 类型、结构复杂。
C. 救援难度大。
D. 次生灾害危害小。
【单选题】
与交通事故相比，下列哪一项属于飞行器事故的特点？___
A. 人员伤亡多，财产损失大。
B. 极易造成次生灾害。
C. 失事地点不确定，救援困难。
D. 救援难度大。
推荐试题
【单选题】
(5)Whicl of the following is a physiological process with negative feedback?___
A. blood coagulation
B. process of passing urine
C. sino-aortic baroreceptor reflex
D. process of parturition
【单选题】
(6)Which of the following is not the characteristic of regulation by hormone?___
A. diffusenin nature
B. longer in duration
C. accurate in action
D. action in overcorrection
【单选题】
7)Which of the following is not the characteristic of cells?___
A. They are bound by the plasma membrane
B. They have the ability to break down large molecules to smaller ones to Liberate energy for their activities
C. They possess a nucleus which contains genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA).
D. Living cells can not transform materials.
【单选题】
8)The breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones is called___
A. respiration
B. anabolism
C. catabolism
D. absorption
【单选题】
9) Which of the following descriptions about the characteristics of nervous regulation is wrong?___
A. It responds fast
B. It acts exactly
C. It responds slowly.D.
D. uration is short
【单选题】
10)Which of the following descriptions about the control of body function is wrong?___
A. Homeostasis is kept by feedback control.
B. Negative feedback minimizes the changes, leading to stability.
C. Positive feedback is not useful.
D. Feed-forward makes human body foresee and adapt itself to the environment promptly.
【单选题】
(1)Which of the following parts of knowledge of drugs should be included in pharmacology?___
A. The effects of drugs on man
B. The correlation of biological activity with chemical structure
C. The history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiologicaleffects, mechanisms of action, absorption, distrilbution, biotransformation and excretion.
D. The prevention, recognition, and treatment of drug poisonings
【单选题】
(2)Which of the following is what a clinician is primarily interested in according to the text?___
A. Drugs which can be reasonably limited to those aspects that provide the basis for their rational clinical use
B. Chemical agents that are not used in therapy but are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution
C. Drugs which are useful in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of human disease,or in the prevention of pregnancy.
D. rugs which are useful in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human disease, or in the prevention of pregnancy.
【单选题】
(3)Why was the physician not interested in pharmacognosy?___
A. He didn't have to select the proper plants for his prescription
B. He had a broad botanical knowledge
C. Fewer drugs were obtained from natural sources
D. Natural drugs had little difference with synthetic ones
【单选题】
(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___
A. to have a broad botanical knowledge
B. to select a plant and its preparation
C. to have the ability to purify natural plants
D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs
【单选题】
(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___
A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines
B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines
C. dosage forms of medicines available
D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines
【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3）The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
（2）Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
（7）Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
【判断题】
The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
