相关试题
【单选题】
患者女性，因反复呕吐而致低钾血症，患者精神倦怠.周身无力，腱反射减弱。适宜的护理诊断是___
A. 低于机体需要量
B. 活动无耐力
C. 低效性呼吸状态
D. 营养失调
E. 有受伤的危险
【单选题】
静脉补充钾盐时输入钾量的速度应控制在___
A. ＜10mmol/h
B. ＜15mmol/h
C. ＜20mmol/h
D. ＜25mmol/h
E. ＜30mmol/h
【单选题】
关于低渗性缺水的病理生理，下列错误的是___
A. 失钠重于失水
B. 血管升压素分泌减少
C. 容易发生血容量不足
D. 细胞外液减少小于细胞内液
E. 晚期醛固酮分泌增加
【单选题】
低渗性缺水可出现以下临床表现，但应除外___
A. 视力模糊
B. 恶心呕吐
C. 手足麻木
D. 明显口渴
E. 脉压变小
【单选题】
关于代谢性酸中毒的病因，下列哪项是错误的___
A. 要发生于呼吸道梗阻
B. 要由于体内HCO_TagUpStart_-_TagUpEnd_减少
C. 循环与组织灌注不足时可以发生
D. 发生于急性肾衰竭
E. 发生于肠道液体大量丧失时
【单选题】
低钾血症可引起___
A. 代谢性酸中毒
B. 低渗性缺水
C. 高渗性缺水
D. 代谢性碱中毒
E. 等渗性缺水
【单选题】
常用的平衡盐溶液配方为___
A. 复方氯化钠溶
B. 1.25%碳酸氢钠和等渗盐水之比为1:2
C. 5%葡萄糖盐水和1.86%乳酸钠溶液之比为1:2
D. 乳酸钠林格氏液
E. 复方氯化钠溶液
【单选题】
关于水.电解质代谢和酸碱平衡失调的叙述，下列正确的是___
A. 细胞内钾浓度高于血浆钾浓度
B. 酸中毒时钾进入细胞
C. 肾脏保钾比保钠的功能强
D. 碱中毒时钾转出细胞
E. 细胞内外液的渗透压相等
【单选题】
患者男性，35岁。因急性肠梗阻3天入院，脉搏125次/分，血压10/8kPa，血钠142mmol/L，血钾3mmol/L，HCO_TagUpStart_-_TagUpEnd_18mmol/L，处理时应首先考虑___
A. 纠正酸中毒
B. 补充钾盐
C. 输入钙剂
D. 补充血容量
E. 给予利尿剂
【单选题】
血管升压素和醛固酮分泌均增加时___
A. 尿量减少，钠排出减少
B. 尿量增加，钠排出减少
C. 尿量正常，钠排出正常
D. 尿量减少，钠排出增加
E. 尿量增加，钠排出增加
【单选题】
镁的补充方法，下列哪一项是错误的___
A. 肌内注射硫酸镁时应深部注射，并经常更换注射部位
B. 镁中毒时应用氨化钾对抗
C. 可经口服.肌内注射及静脉注射补充
D. 镁缺乏纠正需较长时间
E. 治疗低镁血症时应同时兼补钾和钙
【单选题】
下列哪一项不是恶性高血压的临床表现特征___
A. 血压显著升高
B. 出现相对缓脉
C. 多见年轻人
D. 起病急剧，发展迅速
E. 突然头痛，视力模糊
【单选题】
二尖瓣狭窄患者并发哪一种心律失常最易有血栓形成___
A. 阵发性心动过速
B. 心房颤动
C. 频发室性期前收缩
D. 频发房性期前收缩
E. 房室传导阻滞
【单选题】
能够终止心绞痛的药物是___
A. 美托洛尔
B. 硝酸异山梨酯(消心痛)
C. 阿司匹林
D. 硝苯地平(心痛定)
E. 卡托普利(开搏通)
【单选题】
患者，女性，31岁，心悸.气促十年，顽固反复咯血四年。听诊心率90次/分，规则；心尖区闻及舒张期隆隆样杂音，第一心音亢进，并可闻及开瓣音，肺动脉第二音亢进；X线示心脏呈梨形心。您认为最合理的根本治疗措___
A. 调换止血剂品种
B. 加大洋地黄用量
C. 静脉推注利尿剂
D. 做二尖瓣置换术
E. 做经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术
【单选题】
不是扩张型心肌病临床表现是___
A. 浮肿
B. 心律失常
C. 栓塞
D. 晕厥
E. 肝大
【单选题】
二尖瓣狭窄患者突然出现偏瘫，应考虑___
A. 脑血栓形成
B. 脑出血
C. 脑血管痉挛
D. 脑栓塞
E. 蛛网膜下隙出血
【单选题】
刚住院的风湿性心脏病患者，38岁女性，见其下床.洗脸.就餐.走动后即气喘.出汗.自诉心慌.胸闷。但卧床休息时却无此不适，体检有肝肿大及下肢水肿。根据患者心功能情况，您认为下列最恰当的安排时___
A. 宜卧床休息，限制走动
B. 应绝对卧床，取半卧位
C. 需增加睡眠，户外活动
D. 可打太极拳，忌剧烈运动
E. 活动可不限，需劳逸结合
【单选题】
亚急性感染性心内膜炎首要发生于下列哪种疾病___
A. 风湿性心瓣膜病
B. 室间隔缺损
C. 动脉导管未闭
D. 法洛四联症
E. 其余选项均是
【单选题】
患者，女性，48岁，左心功能不全，应用地高辛及速尿治疗，药物剂量不详，现感腹胀.心慌，心电图提示室性早搏二联律，血清钾为2.1mmol/L，下列哪项措施错误的是___
A. 立即停用药物
B. 口服氯化钾
C. 静脉补钾
D. 静脉注射阿托品
E. 静脉注射苯妥英钠并补钾
【单选题】
正常情况下，心脏自律性最高的起搏点是___
A. 窦房结
B. 浦肯野纤维
C. 心室肌
D. 房室束
E. 房室结
【单选题】
遇一男性老年患者，疑发生急性左心衰竭，表现有如下特征，您认为其中哪一项可作为区别于慢性肺源性心脏病右心衰竭的依据___
A. 咳嗽.气喘
B. 发绀.烦躁
C. 咳粉红色泡沫状痰
D. 端坐呼吸.闻哮鸣音
E. 夜间不能平卧
【单选题】
某心脏病患者，男性，32岁。在家生活如常，每于外出骑车及上楼梯时即感气促.心悸，停下休息片刻后可逐渐减轻。体格检查：94次/分，心界扩大，肝脏肋下1cm触及，下肢未见水肿。您认为其心脏功能可分级为___
A. 心功能Ⅰ级
B. 心功能Ⅱ级
C. 心功能Ⅲ级
D. 心功能Ⅳ级
E. 心力衰竭
【单选题】
对呼吸困难的患者，您一时难以分清心源性哮喘或支气管哮喘，药房有以下静脉用药配售，您应选择___
A. 阿托品
B. 氨茶碱
C. 呋噻米(速尿)
D. 肾上腺素
E. 毒毛花苷K(毒K)
【单选题】
发绀的原因是___
A. 血液中还原血红蛋白增多
B. 血红细胞大量破坏
C. 局部瘀血
D. 毛细血管通透性增加
E. 其余选项都是
【单选题】
急性心肌梗死时，下列血清学检查中，升高最早.恢复最快的是___
A. r-谷酰基磷酸转肽酶(r-GTP)
B. 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)
C. 肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)
D. 乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)
E. 肌红蛋白
【单选题】
下列哪一项可采用兴奋迷走神经的方法处理___
A. 频发房性期前收缩
B. 阵发性室上性心动过速
C. 阵发性室性心动过速
D. 心室颤动
E. 心房颤动
【单选题】
急性心肌梗死易并发脏器及四肢动脉栓塞的时间多在发病后___
A. 24小时内
B. 48小时内
C. 1～2周
D. 1～4周
E. 1～2个月
【单选题】
某心脏患者休息时无呼吸困难.心慌及水肿等，但是日常生活如洗衣.扫地均可感到疲乏.心慌，休息后很快缓解，表示患者心功能情况为___
A. 心功能Ⅰ级
B. 心功能Ⅱ级
C. 心功能Ⅲ级
D. 心功能Ⅳ级
E. 该患者应严格卧床休息
【单选题】
急性心肌梗死时应用链激酶或尿激酶，其作用在于___
A. 调节离子代谢
B. 疏通心肌微循环
C. 溶解冠状动脉内粥样硬斑块
D. 减少心律失常
E. 溶解冠状动脉内的血栓
【单选题】
典型心绞痛常有以下特点，哪一项除外___
A. 剧烈活动后易发生
B. 疼痛部位常见中段胸骨后
C. 多含硝酸甘油片3分钟内缓解
D. 每次持续都不超过15分钟
E. 疼痛可放射至右肩右臂
【单选题】
下列哪种疾病不会引起阿-斯综合征___
A. 风湿性主动脉瓣狭窄
B. 高血压病
C. 急性心肌梗死
D. 完全性房室传导阻滞
E. 原发性心肌病
【单选题】
监护急性心肌梗死是发现下列哪种情况最危急___
A. 体温上升至39℃
B. 呕吐伴出冷汗
C. 收缩压＜10C.7kPa
D. 室性期前收缩落在前面T波上
E. 室性期前收缩6～7次/分
【单选题】
一般急性心肌梗死患者，发病后几天可转出冠心病监护病房___
A. 2～5天
B. 5～7天
C. 7～10天
D. 10～14天
E. 至少2周以上
【单选题】
阵发性心动过速由几个连续发生的期前收缩形成___
A. 2个
B. 3个
C. 3个或3个以上
D. 5个
E. 4个
【单选题】
下列哪项不是急性心肌梗死溶栓治疗的指征___
A. 年龄在65岁以下
B. 发病在6小时以内
C. 胸痛持续30分钟以上
D. 出现病理性Q波
E. 相邻2个以上导联ST段抬高大于2mm
【单选题】
急性心肌梗死患者，早期出现的症状是___
A. 剧烈而持久的胸骨后疼痛
B. 心源性休克
C. 心力衰竭
D. 胃肠道反应
E. 发热
【单选题】
患者，女性，60岁，诊断为冠心病.心力衰竭，服用地高辛.双氢克尿塞1周后症状加重，心电图示有多发性室性早搏。下列处理哪项是错误的___
A. 吸氧
B. 补钾
C. 利多卡因
D. 静脉补钾
E. 使用双氢克尿塞改用速尿
【单选题】
患者，男性，65岁，因胸骨后闷痛1小时入院，心电图示急性广泛前壁心肌梗死。住院当夜，您发现其反应迟钝.面色苍白.皮肤湿冷.脉搏细弱，应考虑___
A. 心源性休克
B. 急性肺水肿
C. 并发脑血栓
D. 心室颤动征象
E. 心肌梗死后综合征
【单选题】
关于心肌梗死的治疗，下列能使闭塞的冠状动脉再通的治疗是___
A. 吗啡皮下注射
B. 尿激酶静脉滴注
C. 利多卡因静脉注射
D. 硝酸甘油含服
E. 安装起搏器
推荐试题
【单选题】
Women have a greater ability to ___ names with faces than men do, and they are also better at recalling lists.
A. associate
B. compare
C. engage
D. involve
【单选题】
He was always ready to help others and managed to ___ his friends ____being hurt.
A. expose … to
B. confine …to
C. restrict … from
D. shield … from
【单选题】
Older people are less likely to be ___ their negative emotions (情绪) and more likely to focus on the positive.
A. reserved for
B. caught up in
C. beat up to
D. counted on
【单选题】
I don’t have any bandage, so I have to ___ pressure to the wound to keep the bleeding down.
A. apply
B. involve
C. fulfill
D. establish
【单选题】
It is important that whichever candidate (候选人) is picked the loser should accept the defeat ___.
A. in advance
B. with great pride
C. with good grace
D. in large part
【单选题】
___ that new homes cost more than older homes, but that is not true across the country anymore.
A. It used to be
B. It is used to be
C. It used to being
D. It is used to being
【单选题】
The boss ___ his employees to work longer hours as the company is dreadfully short of staff at present.
A. called on
B. signed up
C. cared for
D. set up
【单选题】
The president’s visit and ___ discussions led to a plan that aimed to improve the trade relations between the two countries.
A. emerging
B. subsequent
C. consequent
D. Submerging
【单选题】
The author ___ his general idea mainly through statistics and results obtained from a survey (调查) about auto customer services in the United States.
A. assumes
B. engages
C. illustrates
D. represents
【单选题】
People in this town starved, several buildings were bombed and crime ___ because you had to steal to eat.
A. eroded
B. reflected
C. released
D. soared
【单选题】
Olympic recognition for bodybuilding (健美) remains ___ since some argue that bodybuilding is not a sport because the actual contest does not involve the same sort of efforts as “real” sports.
A. controversial
B. conventional
C. characteristic
D. influential
【单选题】
Tom tried to justify his absence from the meeting by ___ that he had been ill that day.
A. admitting
B. advocating
C. claiming
D. citing
【单选题】
___ the huge financial benefits, biological companies have been rushing to set up laboratories and new research projects.
A. Aware
B. Aware of
C. Not aware
D. Not aware of
【单选题】
Unfortunately, ___ lack of funds, the studies he began just two months ago, had to be ended early.
A. out of
B. in addition to
C. owing to
D. to begin with
【单选题】
With a good command of English, he soon got ___ to working with British people.
A. accustomed
B. consistent
C. relevant
D. responsible
【单选题】
What needs to be ___ here is that language and culture interact, and that understanding of one requires understanding of the other.
A. altered
B. stressed
C. aroused
D. committed
【单选题】
Policies and organizations must be created to meet workers’ hopes, and to ___ new problems that inevitably arise between workers and managers.
A. compromise
B. ensure
C. undermine
D. resolve
【单选题】
To keep the wheels of industry turning, we produce consumer goods in endless quantities, and, in the process, are rapidly ___ our natural resources.
A. ignoring
B. collapsing
C. enduring
D. exhausting
【单选题】
As a person who loves peace, he is committed ___ realizing peace between countries.
A. of
B. about
C. for
D. to
【单选题】
Learning how to use chopsticks is easy for me, ___ learning how to conduct myself at the table is quite difficult.
A. whereas
B. however
C. therefore
D. besides
【单选题】
___ that the patient smokes 50 cigarettes a day, it would be reasonable to assume there is some lung damage.
A. To give
B. Giving
C. Given
D. Having given
【单选题】
Kenyan (肯尼亚的) women tend to vote for those who could provide them ___ the necessary food to live on.
A. of
B. with
C. for
D. about
【单选题】
___ all obstacles and failures, the scientist continued doing his experiments day and night.
A. In spite of
B. In contrast to
C. As a matter of
D. As a result of
【单选题】
I’m willing to ___ that a larger car would have cost more, but I still think we should have bought one.
A. withdraw
B. indicate
C. abandon
D. concede
【单选题】
Manufacturing (制造) companies spend millions of pounds on advertisements, trying to ___ customers that their products are better than those of other companies.
A. confine
B. convince
C. depress
D. reconcile
【单选题】
He is not the right person for the project: he is not very technically minded and ___, he does not have the sense of responsibility.
A. instead
B. yet
C. furthermore
D. nevertheless
【单选题】
Death rates declined in many places, partly because of the ___ in hunger.
A. decrease
B. myth
C. obstacle
D. burden
【单选题】
In deciding whether or not a situation is safe, pilots must be taught to assume that the worst will happen, and then to ___ whether there is a risk or not.
A. absorb
B. apply
C. assess
D. occupy
【单选题】
The worker was not worried as he knew that if he gave up the job, there would be ___ opportunities for him to work somewhere else.
A. formative
B. marginal
C. vigorous
D. numerous
【单选题】
The research shows the region might ___ overheating (经济过热), but the policymakers so far appear to be relatively relaxed about the future of the economy.
A. catch a glimpse of
B. be at risk of
C. take a toll on
D. be free from
【单选题】
Measures have been taken to ensure that no student will have to ___ of college for economic reasons.
A. lay out
B. cancel out
C. drop out
D. stand out
【单选题】
Stress that is not treated can lead to significant medical illnesses, which ___ can lead to greater stress and even depression (抑郁症).
A. after all
B. in turn
C. on the contrary
D. at least
【单选题】
Narcissism (自恋) has its benefits in terms of self-belief and confidence, but it also tends to be ___ risky decision-making.
A. associated with
B. contrasted with
C. reserved for
D. relieved of
【单选题】
When Tom saw his doctor again, she suggested that maybe a more substantial lunch, like a sandwich, might ___ his desire to have snacks in the afternoon.
A. count on
B. cut back on
C. hold on to
D. contribute to
【单选题】
You shouldn’t ___ – let your children make their own decisions.
A. interact
B. abuse
C. startle
D. interfere
【单选题】
This is a huge and difficult project and if you take it up, you ___ many difficulties.
A. like to encounter
B. like encountering
C. are likely to encounter
D. are like to encounter
【单选题】
The ability to live for a long time without water is characteristic ___ the camel.
A. of
B. for
C. about
D. in
【单选题】
Rising sales is a good ___ that this product is well received in the market.
A. response
B. convention
C. indication
D. Influence
【单选题】
When tourists travel abroad, they are sometimes ___ by the local people because the tourists don’t know the real value of products.
A. turned in
B. given chase
C. wrapped up
D. ripped off
【单选题】
The professor’s lecture ___ the capacity of his young audience. They all looked puzzled at him.
A. pointed out
B. went beyond
C. contributed to
D. kept off
