【单选题】
国家是凌驾于社会之上的特殊社会权利的观点，这是对___
A. 国家本质的错误论断
B. 国家起源的正确论断
C. 国家阶级性的正确论断
D. 国家职能的错误论断
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【单选题】
人的解放就是___
A. 实现绝对自由
B. 摆脱规律的支配
C. 摆脱盲目必然性和社会关系的奴役
D. 不受任何束缚
【单选题】
人类社会变化发展的决定性因素是___
A. 阶级矛盾和阶级斗争
B. 物质资料的生产方式
C. 天才人物的出现
D. 地理环境和人口条件
【单选题】
唯物史观的出发点是___
A. 杰出人物
B. 人性
C. 人类之爱
D. 物质资料的生产活动
【单选题】
生产关系中具有决定意义的因素是___
A. 产品的分配关系
B. 产品的交换关系
C. 生产资料所有制形式
D. 人们在生产中所处的地位
【单选题】
判断一种生产关系是否先进的根本标志是看它是___
A. 生产资料私有制还是公有制
B. 促进生产力发展还是阻碍生产力发展C．社会化大生产还是个体小生产 D．封闭的自然经济还是市场经济
【单选题】
主体选择是指作为历史主体的人，从自身的需要和知识结构、经验、技能出发，根据历史的客观条件和发展趋势确定自己行为的方式和方向的行动。这种观点说明___
A. 承认主体选择的作用必然否定历史决定论
B. 承认主体选择的作用与承认历史决定论并不矛盾
C. 任何一种社会制度的产生都根源于主体的选择
D. 历史决定论是根本错误的
【单选题】
历史唯物主义的历史决定论，是一种承认历史发展具有客观规律性、必然性和因果制约性的理论，它建立在唯物主义和辩证法的基础上，是能动的决定论。这说明历史唯物主义的决定论___
A. 排斥主体选择的作用
B. 是机械论和宿命论
C. 是旧唯物主义理论
D. 与承认主体选择的作用不矛盾
【单选题】
把人和动物区别开来的决定性因素是___
A. 人的劳动
B. 人具有理性
C. 人具有自由
D. 人有意志
【单选题】
马克思主义认为，人的本质是___
A. 永恒不变的
B. 可随主观意志而任意改变的
C. 随着社会关系的变化而变化
D. 随着个性的改变而改变
【单选题】
人在价值关系中___
A. 只能是价值主体
B. 只能是价值客体
C. 只能是价值的享受者
D. 既可能是价值主体，又可能是价值客体
【单选题】
“民主和少数服从多数的原则不是一个东西。民主就是承认少数服从多数的国家。”这句话应理解为___
A. 民主是指一种国家制度
B. 民主是手段不是目的
C. 国家的实质是少数服从多数
D. 民主是国体不是政体
【单选题】
我国社会主义初级阶段实行以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，促进了生产力的发展，说明实行这种制度遵循了___
A. 生产力决定生产关系的原理
B. 经济基础决定上层建筑的原理
C. 生产力具有自我增值能力的原理
D. 社会经济制度决定生产力状况的原理
【单选题】
“支配物理世界之运动的必然性，也支配着精神世界的运动，因而在这个世界中，一切都服从于注定的命运。”这种观点___
A. 是对必然性的科学揭示
B. 正确地揭示了必然性的作用
C. 会导致“宿命论”
D. 会导致“唯意志论”
【单选题】
改革在人类历史上居于普遍性，它是___
A. 社会制度更替的一种形式
B. 对社会体制进行改善和革新
C. 统治阶级向被统治阶级妥协
D. 革命阶级发对反动阶级的斗争
【单选题】
交往是人类特有的存在方式和活动方式。它指的是___
A. 人与自然界之间的物质变换活动
B. 历史主体与历史客体的相互作用形式
C. 社会与自然之间的相互依赖形式
D. 人与人之间的经济、政治、思想文化交往的总和
【单选题】
“社会形态的发展是一种自然历史过程”，这句话说的是___
A. 社会发展规律与自然界的发展规律完全相同
B. 社会的发展不受人思想和动机的影响
C. 社会发展是纯粹自发的过程
D. 社会发展具有不以人的一直为转移的客观规律性
【单选题】
“如果资本主义的灭亡是由科学保证了的，为什么还要费那么大的力气去为它安排葬礼呢？”这种观点的错误在于___
A. 抹煞社会规律实现的特点
B. 否认革命在社会质变中的作用
C. 否认历史观上的决定论
D. 否认科学是推动历史前进的革命力量
【单选题】
区分各种经济时代的客观物质标志是___
A. 科学技术的进步
B. 社会财富的多寡
C. 生产方式的性质
D. 生产工具的进步
【单选题】
社会意识的相对独立性突出地表现在___
A. 社会意识可以超前于社会存在
B. 社会意识对社会存在有反作用
C. 社会意识反映社会存在
D. 社会意识诸形式之间的相互影响
【单选题】
上层建筑对社会发展的作用性质取决于它___
A. 是否符合经济基础的要求
B. 是否符合统治阶级的愿望
C. 是否推动经济基础的发展
D. 所服务的经济基础的性质
【单选题】
国家是代表___
A. 统治阶级利益的
B. 广大劳动人民利益的
C. 全体社会成员利益的
D. 少数剥削阶级利益的
【单选题】
人类社会的历史，归根到底是___
A. 生产劳动的发展史
B. 精神文明的发展史
C. 阶级斗争的发展史
D. 国家政权的更替史
【单选题】
划分历史唯物主义和历史唯心主义的根本标准是___
A. 是否承认社会存在决定社会意识
B. 是否承认社会意识具有相对独立性
C. 是否承认社会发展具有规律性
D. 是否承认阶级和阶级斗争
【单选题】
“社会是一个自然历史过程”，指的是___
A. 社会同自然界一样是自发的发展过程
B. 社会规律与自然规律是没有区别的
C. 社会同自然界一样是合乎规律的辩证发展过程
D. 社会同自然界一样是不受意识影响的
【单选题】
经济基础决定上层建筑,就是说___
A. 一切社会的上层建筑都要在它的经济基础建立之后才能产生
B. 一切社会的上层建筑都根源于经济基础
C. 一切社会的上层建筑的变化,都同经济基础变化是同步的
D. 社会中一切经济基础成分都决定该社会的上层建筑性质
【单选题】
上层建筑对于社会发展的作用的性质取决于___
A. 是否有效地为经济基础服务
B. 是否适应经济基础的需要
C. 它掌握在哪个阶级手里
D. 被服务的经济基础的性质
【单选题】
在社会革命中具有决定性意义的环节是___
A. 产业革命
B. 思想革命
C. 政治革命
D. 经济革命
【单选题】
社会意识相对独立性的最突出表现是___
A. 社会意识的历史继承性
B. 各种社会意识之间的相互影响
C. 社会意识对社会存在的反作用
D. 社会意识对社会存在变化上的滞后性
【单选题】
承认历史唯物主义的决定论___
A. 必然排斥主体选择的作用
B. 必然导致机械论和宿命论
C. 必然导致旧唯物主义理论
D. 与承认主体选择的作用并不矛盾
【单选题】
人类劳动不同于动物活动的根本标志是___
A. 改造自然
B. 适应自然
C. 制造工具
D. 控制自然
【单选题】
社会规律和自然界的规律的区别表现为___
A. 社会规律是主观的，自然界的规律是客观的
B. 社会规律是有阶级性的，自然界的规律是没有阶级性的
C. 社会规律是通过人们有意识的活动实现的，自然界的规律是盲目的、不自觉的力量相互作用的结果
D. 社会规律是不可捉摸的，自然界的规律是可以被认识的
【单选题】
社会历史观的基本问题是___
A. 社会存在和社会意识的关系问题
B. 社会文明与社会进步的关系问题
C. 物质文明与精神文明的关系问题
D. 经济基础与上层建筑的关系问题
【单选题】
20世纪50年代，北大荒人烟稀少、一片荒凉。由于人口剧增，生产力水平低下，吃饭问题成为中国面临的首要问题，于是人们不得不靠扩大耕地面积增加粮食产量，经过半个世纪的开垦，北大荒成了全国闻名的"北大仓"。然而由于过度开垦已经造成了许多生态问题。现在，黑龙江垦区全面停止开荒，退耕还"荒"。这说明___
A. 人与自然的和谐最终以恢复原始生态为归宿
B. 人们改造自然的一切行为都会遭到"自然界的报复"
C. 人在自然界面前总是处于被支配的地位
D. 人们应合理地调节人与自然之间的物质变换
【单选题】
社会意识是___
A. 社会的精神生活过程
B. 社会的政治生活过程
C. 人们改造自然的过程
D. 人们改造社会的过程
【单选题】
历史唯物主义和历史唯心的根本区别在于 ___
A. 是否承认社会存在决定社会意识
B. 是否承认社会意识具有相对独立性
C. 是事承认社会发展有规律性
D. 是否承认阶级和阶级斗争
【单选题】
使人与自然既区别开来又联系起来的基础是___
A. 地理环境
B. 生产资料
C. 生产劳动
D. 社会意识
【单选题】
社会存在是___
A. 社会环境
B. 社会物质生活条件的总和
C. 社会生活精神方面的总和
D. 占统治地位的生产关系的总和
【单选题】
物质资料的生产方式是___
A. 经济基础与上层建筑的统一
B. 生产力与生产关系的统一
C. 经济和政治的统一
D. 社会存在与社会意识的统一
【单选题】
上层建筑结构中的核心是___
A. 国家元首
B. 意识形态
C. 国家政权
D. 政党
【单选题】
下列观点中，正确表达了人的本质的是___
A. 人之初，性本善
B. 人天生是政治动物
C. 人是符号动物
D. 人的本质在其现实性上是一切社会关系的总和
推荐试题
【单选题】
If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.___
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
【单选题】
Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?___
A. Unawareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
【单选题】
If one wants to work efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should __________.___
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
【单选题】
You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will __________.___
A. help to keep your energy for the day's work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
【单选题】
Which of the following statements is NOT true?___
A. Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.
B. Dr. Kletman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C. Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.
D. Children have energy cycles, too.
【单选题】
An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is __________.___
A. to increase their sense of success
B. to make sports less competitive
C. to reduce their mental stress
D. to make sports more challenging
【单选题】
According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that __________.___
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences
【单选题】
Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes __________.___
A. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B. in order to make them remember life's lessons
C. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D. so as to put more pressure on them
【单选题】
According to the passage parents and coaches should __________.___
A. help children to win every game
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. train children to cope with stress
D. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
【单选题】
The author's purpose in writing the passage is _________.___
A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
【单选题】
As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution _______.___
A. cause widespread damage in the countryside
B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States
C. had damaged effect on health
D. existed merely in urban and industries areas
【单选题】
As to the greenhouse effect, the author ________.___
A. share the same view with the scientist
B. is uncertain of its occurrence
C. rejects it as being ungrounded
D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon
【单选题】
The underlined word "offset" in the second paragraph could be replaced by _________.___
A. slip into
B. make up for
C. set up
D. catch up with
【单选题】
It can be concluded that ____________.___
A. raising the world's temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B. lowering the world's temperature merely a few degrees would lead major farming areas to disaster
C. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D. the world's temperature will remain constant in the years to come
【单选题】
This passage is primarily about __________.___
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the burning of fossil fuels
C. the potential effect of air pollution
D. the likelihood of a new ice age
【单选题】
What is the major function of paragraph 1?___
A. To arouse the reader's concern.
B. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
C. To summarize the whole passage.
D. To state the primary uses of TV.
【单选题】
Television, as a source of entertainment, is ________.___
A. not very convenient
B. very expensive
C. quite dangerous
D. relatively cheap
【单选题】
Why are some people against TV?___
A. Because TV programs are not interesting.
B. Because TV viewers are totally passive.
C. Because TV prices are very high.
D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages.
【单选题】
One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that _________.___
A. it keeps us informed
B. it is very cheap
C. it enables us to have a rest
D. it controls our lives
【单选题】
According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on ___________.___
A. its quality
B. people's attitude towards it
C. how we use it
D. when we use it
【单选题】
What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?___
A. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.
B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.
C. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.
D. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.
【单选题】
The returned plastic bottles in New York used to _____________.___
A. be turned into raw materials
B. be separated from other rubbish
C. have a second-life value
D. end up somewhere underground
【单选题】
The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ______________.___
A. how to reduce their recycling costs
B. to sell them at a profitable price
C. how to turn them into useful things
D. to lower the prices for used materials
【单选题】
Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because ______________.___
A. recycling causes little pollution
B. other methods are more expensive
C. recycling has great appeal for the jobless
D. local governments find it easy to manage
【单选题】
It can be concluded from the passage that ____________.___
A. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally
B. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recycling
C. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials
D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal
【单选题】
The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ________.___
A. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
B. wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
C. intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
D. wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
【单选题】
According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can __________.___
A. broaden their horizons
B. receive guidance in their careers
C. become noble idealists
D. balance engineering and the liberal arts
【单选题】
In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected ______________.___
A. to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
B. to be a technical genius with a wide vision
C. to have an excellent academic record
D. to be wise and mature
【单选题】
The author's experience shows that he was ________.___
A. creative
B. ambitious
C. irrational
D. unrealistic
【单选题】
The underlined word "they" in "... together they threaten to confuse." (Para.5) refers to ____________.___
A. practicality and rationality
B. engineering and the liberal arts
C. reality and noble ideals
D. flexibility and a value system
【单选题】
It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas' house __________.___
A. failed to meet energy conservation standards
B. was designed and constructed in a scientific way
C. is well worth the money spent on its construction
D. is almost faultless from the point of energy conservation
【单选题】
What made the Ouchidas' new house a horrible dream?___
A. Lack of fresh air.
B. Gas leakage in the kitchen.
C. The newly painted walls.
D. Poor quality of building materials.
【单选题】
The underlined word "accentuate" (Para. 3) most probably means "________".___
A. worsen
B. accelerate
C. relieve
D. improve
【单选题】
Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?___
A. Because environmental protection was given top priority.
B. Because indoor cleanness was not emphasized.
C. Because they were technically unavoidable.
D. Because energy used to be inexpensive.
【单选题】
This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled "_________".___
A. Energy Conservation
B. Air Pollution Indoors
C. House Building Crisis
D. Traps in Building Construction
【单选题】
We need to plan ahead in order to ___________.___
A. keep a record of all the events
B. better organize our activities
C. store everything in our head
D. pile up little tasks neatly
【单选题】
Strategic times are best for us to ___________.___
A. save energy
B. check e-mails
C. study efficiently
D. organize activities
【单选题】
Which of the following could be used as a motivation to do our assignments?___
A. Remembering our urgent tasks.
B. Any activities we're eager to do.
C. Taking a break in the afternoon.
D. The promise to study efficiently.
【单选题】
What can help us to keep refreshed throughout the day?___
A. Doing some physical exercise.
B. Taking a short nap in the afternoon.
C. Rushing through some assignments.
D. Playing a game of chess with a friend.
【单选题】
Which of the following could be the best title for this article?___
A. Study Habits and Time Management
B. Business Management and Leadership
C. University Education and Campus Life
D. Life Goals and Academic Development
