相关试题
【单选题】
在全国人大闭会期间,有权批准对全国人大代表逮捕和刑事审判的机关是___。
A. 国家主席
B. 全国人大常务委员会会议
C. 全国人大常委会委员长
D. 全国人大常委会
【单选题】
全国人大会议每年举行一次,由___召集。
A. 委员长
B. 全国人大常委会
C. 全国人大主席团
D. 委员长会议
【单选题】
我国宪法规定,国家对私营经济实行___。
A. 监督和管理
B. 限制和管理
C. 鼓励、支持和帮助
D. 引导、监督和管理
【单选题】
我国宪法规定,行使宪法解释权的机关是___。
A. 全国人民代表大会
B. 全国人大法律委员会
C. 全国人大常务委员会
D. 全国人大主席团
【单选题】
我国宪法规定,对公民的申诉、控告、检举,有关国家机关___。
A. 必须认真对待
B. 必须查清事实
C. 应当根据不同情况对待处理
D. 应当尽量查清事实
【单选题】
我国现行的民族自治地方有___。
A. 自治区、自治州、民族乡
B. 自治区、自治县、民族乡
C. 自治区、自治州、自治县
D. 自治州、自治县、民族乡
【单选题】
按照我国现行宪法规定,国务院的领导体制是___。
A. 合议制
B. 集体负责制
C. 总理负责制
D. 双重从属制
【单选题】
我国人民代表大会的核心内容和实质是___。
A. 少数服从多数
B. 集体行使权力
C. 国家的一切权力属于人民
D. 平等原则
【单选题】
宪法规定,社会主义___神圣不可侵犯。
A. 全民所有制经济
B. 公共财产
C. 集体所有制经济
D. 计划经济
【单选题】
我国的国家结构形式属于___。
A. 民族区域自治
B. 单一制
C. 联邦制
D. 邦联制
【单选题】
我国政权组织形式是___。
A. 人民代表大会
B. 人民代表大会制
C. 民主集中制
D. 政治协商制度
【单选题】
宪法规定,公民在___情况下,有从国家和社会获得物质帮助的权利。
A. 有病
B. 年老
C. ,丧失劳动能力
D. 年老、疾病或者丧失劳动能力
【单选题】
下列选项中属于公安机关人民警察法定职责的是___。
A. 维护社会治安秩序
B. 打击非法网络经营活动
C. 引导文化市场秩序
D. 维护市场公平竞争
【单选题】
下列选项中属于公安机关人民警察依法应履行的职责的有___
A. 对被判处管制的罪犯执行刑罚
B. 对被判处拘役的罪犯执行刑罚
C. 对被判处没收财产的罪犯执行刑罚
D. 对被宣告缓刑的罪犯实行监督、考察
【单选题】
下列关于公安机关人民警察职责说法正确的是___。
A. 公安机关人民警察不负责管理外国人在中国旅行的有光事务
B. 对被判处管制的罪犯执行刑罚不是公安机关人民警察的法定职责
C. 负责管理外国人在中国境内居留事务的机关是外交部
D. 维护国(边)境地区的治安秩序不是公安机关人民警察的职责
【单选题】
甲县公安局民警李某认为已采取保护性约束措施的精神病人陈某需要送往指定单位、场所加以监护,应当报经___批准。
A. 县公安局
B. 县政府
C. 县卫生局
D. 办案部门
【单选题】
对被盘问人的继续盘问时间自___之时起不超过24小时。
A. 被盘问开始
B. 安全检查结束
C. 被关进候问室
D. 带至公安机关
【单选题】
根据《人民警察法》的规定,继续盘问时限延长至48小时的,应当报___审批。
A. 上一级公安机关
B. 办案部门负责人
C. 县级以上公安机关负责人
D. 公安派出所所长
【单选题】
对有违法犯罪嫌疑的人 ,需要继续盘问的,在特殊情形下,经县级以上公安机关批准, 可以将继续盘问时间延长王___小时。
【单选题】
下列可以适用继续盘问的情形是___。
A. 宋某杀死仇人唐某后到公安机关自首
B. 许某入室盗窃被接到报警赶到的民警当场抓获
C. 韩某携带大量假币乘车被查获且拒不交代身份信息
D. 逃犯冯某使用身份证登记入住宾馆被民警抓获
【单选题】
对下列___人员,不得适用继续盘问。
A. 丁某,刚满17周岁
B. 吴某,正在怀孕
C. 胡某,患有精神病
D. 罗某,残疾人
【单选题】
下列关于继续盘问的说法错误的是___。
A. 在唐某身上发现大量假币,其不讲真实姓名,对唐某可以适用继续盘问
B. 对韩某(15周岁) 适用继续盘问不得超过8小时
C. 不能在公安机关候问室对怀孕的冯某采取继续盘问
D. 经县级公安机关主管负责人批准,对邓某(男,30周岁)继续盘问最长可以延长至48小时
【单选题】
公安机关的人民警察___,可以优先乘坐公共交通工具.
A. 因履行职责的需要,经出示相应证件
B. 因履行职责的需要,经相对人同意
C. 因履行职责的紧急需要,经相对人同意
D. 因履行职责的紧急需要,经出示相应证件
【单选题】
公安机关人民警察因侦查犯罪的需要,使用企事业组织或个人的交通工具,造成损失的,___。
A. 由该人民警察所属机关给予赔偿
B. 由该人民警察给予赔偿
C. 由该人民警察所属机关给予赔偿后,向该人民警察追偿
D. 由交通工具所有人承担
【单选题】
关于公安机关人民警察优先权,下列说法错误的是___
A. 民警曹某因紧急任务需要乘坐地铁时,经出示警官证无需排队进站
B. 民警彭某驾车追捕逃犯,遇有交通堵塞,可以优先通行
C. 民警曾某为监控犯罪嫌疑人在果居民楼内的活动情况可以优先租用该居民楼对面楼房内视野较好的出租屋
D. 民警肖某因侦查犯罪需要使用田某的出租后,无需向田某支付任何费用
【单选题】
民警蔡某在追捕一名持枪驾车逃离的杀人犯时,遇到了市民金某开车路过。关于本案,以下说法错误的是___。
A. 蔡某可以优先使用金某的汽车
B. 蔡某使用后应当及时向金某归还汽车
C. 蔡某所在的公安机关应当向金某支付适当的费用
D. 如果使用车辆造成了损失,应由蔡某所在的公安机关予以补偿
【单选题】
县级以上人民政府公安机关,为预防和制止严重危害社会治安秩序的行为,可以在一定的区域和时间,限制人员、车辆的通行或者停留,必要时可以实行___。
A. 戒严
B. 部分地区戒严
C. 交通管制
D. 现场管制
【单选题】
曾被___的人员不得担任人民警察。
A. 辞退
B. 撤职
C. 开除党籍
D. 开除公职
【单选题】
下列选项中属于公安机关人民警察法定职责的是___。
A. 维护社会治安秩序
B. 打击非法网络经营活动
C. 引导文化市场秩序
D. 维护市场公平竞争
【单选题】
人民警察对超越法律、法规规定的人民警察职责范围的指令,___。
A. 必须执行
B. 应当立即执行
C. 有权拒绝执行,并同时向上级机关报告
D. 可以变通执行
【单选题】
担任人民警察领导职务的人员应当具备___知识。
A. 治安管理专业
B. 侦查专业
C. 法律专业
D. 行政管理专业
【单选题】
曾受过___的人员不得担任人民警察。
A. 行政处罚
B. 刑事处罚
C. 罚款
D. 行政处分
【单选题】
下列关于人民警察履行义务的做法不正确的是___。
A. 民警张某在日常设卡检查时,遇有孕妇魏某临产去医院的求助,立即予以救助
B. 民警钱某在派出所值班期间接到辖区居民因琐事发生斗殴的警情,立即出警处理
C. 民警赵某对前来请求帮助的债权债务关系人,告知其自行协商,若协商不成可以到法院提起民事诉讼
D. 民警孙某值班期间遇有犯罪嫌疑人前来投案,由于本单位没有管辖权,告诉其向有管辖权的公安机关投案
【单选题】
以下关于交通管制和现场管制,说法错误的是___。
A. 县级以上人民政府公安机关可以在必要时实行交通管制
B. 县级以上人民政府公安机关经同级人民政府批准,可以对危害社会治安秩序的突发事件实行现场管制
C. 公安机关的人民警察可以依照规定采取相应的交通管制措施
D. 公安机关的人民警察可以依照规定采取强行驱散、强行带离现场等现场管制措施
【单选题】
县级以上人民政府公安机关,为预防和制止严重危害社会治安秩序的行为,可以在一定的区域和时间,限制人员、车辆的通行或者停留,必要时可以实行___。
A. 戒严
B. 部分地区戒严
C. 交通管制
D. 现场管制
【单选题】
民警蔡某在追捕一名持枪驾车逃离的杀人犯时,遇到了市民金某开车路过。关于本案,以下说法错误的是___。
A. 蔡某可以优先使用金某的汽车
B. 蔡某使用后应当及时向金某归还汽车
C. 蔡某所在的公安机关应当向金某支付适当的费用
D. 如果使用车辆造成了损失,应由蔡某所在的公安机关予以补偿
【单选题】
关于公安机关人民警察优先权,下列说法错误的是___。
A. 民警曹某因紧急任务需要乘坐地铁时,经出示警官证,无需排队进站
B. 民警彭某驾车追捕逃犯,遇有交通堵塞,可以优先通行
C. 民警曾某为监控犯罪嫌疑人在某居民楼内的活动情况,可以优先租用该居民楼对面楼房内视野较好的出租屋
D. 民警肖某因侦查犯罪需要使用田某的出租车后,无需向田某支付任何费用
【单选题】
公安机关人民警察因侦查犯罪的需要,使用企事业组织或个人的交通工具,造成损失的,___。
A. 由该人民警察所属机关给予赔偿
B. 由该人民警察给予赔偿
C. 由该人民警察所属机关给予赔偿后,向该人民警察追偿
D. 由交通工具所有人承担
【单选题】
甲县公安局民警李某认为已采取保护性约束措施的精神病人陈某需要送往指定单位、场所加以监护,应当报经___批准。
A. 县公安局
B. 县政府
C. 县卫生局
D. 办案部门
【单选题】
所长甲指派民警乙对一起殴打他人案件开展调查,民警乙认为所长甲与被打人员有亲属关系,对所长的命令,___。
A. 必须执行
B. 可以变通执行
C. 可以暂缓执行
D. 可以拒绝执行,并向上级机关报告
推荐试题
【单选题】
区分新事物和旧事物的标志在于看它们___
A. 是不是在新的历史条件下出现的
B. 是不是符合事物发展规律、有强大生命力
C. 是不是具有新形式和新特点
D. 是不是得到绝大多数人的承认
【单选题】
质量互变规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋势
【单选题】
质和事物的存在是___
A. 相互对立的
B. 相互包含的
C. 直接同一的
D. 相互转化的
【单选题】
在实际工作中,要注意掌握分寸,防止“过”或“不及”,其关键在于___
A. 抓住事物的主要矛盾
B. 确定事物的质
C. 认识事物的量
D. 把握事物的度
【单选题】
区分量变和质变的根本标志是看___
A. 事物的变化是否显著
B. 事物的变化是否迅速
C. 事物的某些属性是否发生了变化
D. 事物的变化是否超出度的范围
【单选题】
量变的复杂性是指___
A. 量变的程度发展不同
B. 量变形式的多样性和总的量变过程中有部分质变
C. 质变中有量的扩张
D. 量变有在度的范围内的变化和突破度的范围的变化
【单选题】
量变中的阶段性部分质变表现了___
A. 事物内部各部分之间变化的不平衡性
B. 事物整体与某些构成部分之间变化的不平衡性
C. 事物与事物之间变化的不平衡性
D. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化的不平衡性
【单选题】
量变中的局部性部分质变是___
A. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化不平衡性的表现
B. 事物的各个部分之间变化不平衡性的表现
C. 事物的内部矛盾和外部条件变化不平衡性的表现
D. 事物的量和质变化不平衡性的表现
【单选题】
揭示事物发展的趋势和道路的规律是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展规律
【单选题】
“肯定和否定相互渗透,在一定意义上,肯定就是否定。”这是一种___
A. 相对主义诡辩论的观点
B. 唯物辩证法的观点
C. 主观唯心主义的观点
D. 形而上学的观点
【单选题】
事物的否定方面是指___
A. 事物的积极方面
B. 事物的消极方面
C. 事物中维持其存在的方面
D. 事物中促使其灭亡的方面
【单选题】
作为辩证的否定的“扬弃”是___
A. 既保留又继承
B. 彻底抛弃
C. 既克服又保留
D. 矛盾的调和
【单选题】
辩证的否定是事物发展的环节,因为辩证的否定___
A. 把旧事物完全抛弃
B. 使旧事物发生量变
C. 是新事物产生、旧事物灭亡
D. 是从外部强加给事物的
【单选题】
否定之否定规律___
A. 在事物完成一个发展周期时才能完整地表现出来
B. 在事物发展过程中任何一点上都可以表现出来
C. 在事物经过量变和质变两种状态后表现出来
D. 在事物发展过程中经过肯定和否定两个阶段表现出来
【单选题】
事物发展的周期性体现了___
A. 事物发展的直线性与曲折性的统一
B. 事物发展是一个不断地回到出发点的运动
C. 事物发展的周而复始的循环性
D. 事物发展的前进性和曲折性的统一
【单选题】
直线论的错误在于只看到___
A. 事物发展的周期性而否认了前进性
B. 事物发展的前进性而否认了曲折性
C. 事物发展的间接性而否认了连续性
D. 事物发展的曲折性而否认了周期性
【单选题】
循环论的错误在于___
A. 只看到事物发展的普遍性,没有看到事物发展过程的特殊性
B. 只看到事物的绝对运动,没有看到事物的相对静止
C. 只看到事物发展道路的曲折性,没有看到事物发展趋势的前进性
D. 只看到新旧事物之间的连续性,没有看到新旧事物之间的间断性
【单选题】
对立统一规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋向
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的实质和核心是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展的规律
【单选题】
辩证法所说的矛盾是指___
A. 人们思维中的前后不一的自相矛盾
B. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的对立统一
C. 对立面之间的相互排斥
D. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的相互依赖
【单选题】
矛盾的基本属性是___
A. 普遍性和特殊性
B. 绝对性和相对性
C. 变动性和稳定性
D. 斗争性和同一性
【单选题】
依据是___
A. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性辩证关系的原理
B. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性辩证关系的原理
C. 事物发展的量变和质变辩证关系的原理
D. 事物发展的内因和外因辩证关系的原理
【单选题】
矛盾问题的精髓是___
A. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系的问题
B. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性关系的问题
C. 主要矛盾和次要矛盾关系的问题
D. 矛盾的主要方面和次要方面关系的问题
【单选题】
题的方法都是___
A. 重点论
B. 均衡论
C. 一点论
D. 两点论
【单选题】
“任何个别(无论怎样)都是一般”。这句话的正确含义是___
A. 特殊性就是普遍性
B. 特殊性存在于普遍性之中
C. 普遍性是特殊性的总和
D. 特殊性中包含普遍性
【单选题】
在唯物辩证法看来,水果同苹果、梨、香蕉、桔子等的关系是___
A. 共性和个性的关系
B. 整体和部分的关系
C. 本质和现象的关系
D. 内容和形式的关系
【单选题】
“是就是是,不是就是不是,除此之外都是鬼话。”这是一种___
A. 形而上学的观点
B. 相对主义的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 辩证法的观点
【单选题】
真象和假象的区别在于___
A. 真象是客观的,假象是主观的
B. 真象表现本质,假象不表现本质
C. 真象深藏于事物内部,假象外露于事物外部
D. 真象从正面直接地表现本质,假象从反面歪曲地表现本质
【单选题】
有的哲学家说,在大风扬起的尘土中,每一粒尘土的运动状况都是纯粹必然的。这是种___
A. 辩证唯物主义决定论的观点
B. 形而上学的机械决定论的观点
C. 唯心主义非决定论的观点
D. 庸俗唯物主义的观点
【单选题】
“或然率”是指___
A. 可能性在质上的一种科学说明和测定
B. 可能性在量上的一种科学说明和测定
C. 必然性的一种科学说明和判定
D. 偶然性的一种科学说明和测定
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?___
A. It is based on questionable statistics.
B. It reflects the economic changes.
C. It evidences the improved welfare.
D. It provides much food for thought.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B. It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C. It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.
D. It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.
The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.
In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.
The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.
What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.
【单选题】
大学生的成才目标是___。
A. 培养德智体美全面发展的人才
B. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者
C. 培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
D. 培养专业化、创新化的人才
【单选题】
世界政治格局发展的必然趋势是___。
A. “多极化”
B. 单边主义
C. 两极格局形成
D. 一超独霸
【单选题】
在全面发展的教育中德、智、体、美是缺一不可,统一存在的,其中处于主导地位的是___。